References
- Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 2(4), 267–299. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2
- Aiken, L. S., West, S. G., & Reno, R. R. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Sage Publications.
- Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452–471. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1999.2202131
- Armstrong, J. S., & Overton, T. S. (1977). Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), 396–402. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377701400320
- Babalola, M. T., Ren, S., Kobinah, T., Qu, Y. E., Garba, O. A., & Guo, L. (2019). Negative workplace gossip: Its impact on customer service performance and moderating roles of trait mindfulness and forgiveness. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 80, 136–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.02.007
- Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice–Hall.
- Bandura, A. (1990). Selective activation and disengagement of moral control. Journal of Social Issues, 46(1), 27–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1990.tb00270.x
- Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
- Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
- Bandura, A. (2002). Selective moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Moral Education, 31(2), 101–119. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0305724022014322
- Bandura, A., Barbaranelli, C., Caprara, G. V., & Pastorelli, C. (1996). Mechanisms of moral disengagement in the exercise of moral agency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(2), 364–374. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.2.364
- Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
- Barsky, A. (2011). Investigating the effects of moral disengagement and participation on unethical work behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(1), 59–75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0889-7
- Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5(4), 323–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323
- Beersma, B., & Van Kleef, G. A. (2012). Why people gossip: An empirical analysis of social motives, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(11), 2640–2670. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00956.x
- Brady, D. L., Brown, D. J., & Liang, L. H. (2017). Moving beyond assumptions of deviance: The reconceptualization and measurement of workplace gossip. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000164
- Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301
- Chandra, G., & Robinson, S. L. (2009). They’re talking about me again: The impact of being the target of gossip on emotional distress and withdrawal [Paper presentation]. Academy of Management Conference, Chicago, IL, United States.
- Chen, Y., & Moosmayer, D. C. (2020). When guilt is not enough: Interdependent self-construal as moderator of the relationship between guilt and ethical consumption in a Confucian context. Journal of Business Ethics, 161(1), 551–572. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-3831-4
- Cheng, B., Guo, G., Dong, Y., & Peng, Y. (2021). Examining the spillover effects of problems at home on proactive customer service performance in the hospitality industry: The overlooked side of the work-family interface. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 30(3), 354–372. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.1790077
- Cheng, B., Zhou, X., & Guo, G. (2019). Family-to-work spillover effects of family incivility on employee sabotage in the service industry. International Journal of Conflict Management, 30(2), 270–287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-06-2018-0076
- Cheng, B., Zhou, X., Guo, G., & Yang, K. (2020). Perceived overqualification and cyberloafing: A moderated-mediation model based on equity theory. Journal of Business Ethics, 164(3), 565–577. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-4026-8
- Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
- Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., & Sweitzer, V. L. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision making: A study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(2), 374–391. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.374
- Dulac, T., Coyle-Shapiro, A. M., Henderson, D. J., & Wayne, S. J. (2008). Not all responses to breach are the same: The interconnection of social exchange and psychological contract processes in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 51(6), 1079–1098. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2008.35732596
- Dunbar, R. I. (2004). Gossip in evolutionary perspective. Review of General Psychology, 8(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.8.2.100
- Eder, D., & Enke, J. L. (1991). The structure of gossip: Opportunities and constraints on collective expression among adolescents. American Sociological Review, 56(4), 494–508. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/2096270
- Edwards, J. R., & Lambert, L. S. (2007). Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods, 12(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.1
- Ellwardt, L., Labianca, G. J., & Wittek, R. (2012). Who are the objects of positive and negative gossip at work? A social network perspective on workplace gossip. Social Networks, 34(2), 193–205. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2011.11.003
- Escalas, J. E., & Bettman, J. R. (2005). Self-construal, reference groups, and brand meaning. Journal of Consumer Research, 32(3), 378–389. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/497549
- Fisher, R. J. (1993). Social desirability bias and the validity of indirect questioning. Journal of Consumer Research, 20(2), 303–315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/209351
- Foss, S. K. (2004). Rhetorical criticism: Exploration and practice. Waveland Press.
- Foster, E. K. (2004). Research on gossip: Taxonomy, methods, and future directions. Review of General Psychology, 8(2), 78–99. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.8.2.78
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
- Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
- Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2014.962683
- Kaptein, M. (2008). Developing a measure of unethical behavior in the workplace: A stakeholder perspective. Journal of Management, 34(5), 978–1008. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308318614
- Kilduff, G. J., Galinsky, A. D., Gallo, E., & Reade, J. J. (2016). Whatever it takes to win: Rivalry increases unethical behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 59(5), 1508–1534. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2014.0545
- Kniffin, K. M., & Wilson, D. S. (2010). Evolutionary perspectives on workplace gossip: Why and how gossip can serve groups. Group & Organization Management, 35(2), 150–176. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601109360390
- Kuo, C., Chang, K., Quinton, S., Lu, C., & Lee, I. (2015). Gossip in the workplace and the implications for HR management: A study of gossip and its relationship to employee cynicism. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(18), 2288–2307. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.985329
- Kuo, C., Wu, C., & Lin, C. (2018). Supervisor workplace gossip and its impact on employees. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 33(1), 93–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-04-2017-0159
- Kurland, N. B., & Pelled, L. H. (2000). Passing the word: Toward a model of gossip and power in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 25(2), 428–438. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2000.3312928
- Ma, J., Zhou, X., Chen, R., & Dong, X. (2019). Does ambidextrous leadership motivate work crafting? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 159–168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.025
- Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
- Mills, C. (2010). Experiencing gossip: The foundations for a theory of embedded organizational gossip. Group & Organization Management, 35(2), 213–240. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601109360392
- Moore, C., Detert, J. R., Treviño, L. K., Baker, V. L., & Mayer, D. M. (2012). Why employees do bad things: Moral disengagement and unethical organizational behavior. Personnel Psychology, 65(1), 1–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01237.x
- Pierce, C. A., Byrne, D., & Aguinis, H. (1996). Attraction in organizations: A model of workplace romance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(1), 5–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199601)17:1<5::AID-JOB734>3.0.CO;2-E
- Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
- Ring, C., & Kavussanu, M. (2018). The role of self-regulatory efficacy, moral disengagement and guilt on doping likelihood: A social cognitive theory perspective. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(5), 578–584. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1324206
- Samnani, A. K., Salamon, S. D., & Singh, P. (2014). Negative affect and counterproductive workplace behavior: The moderating role of moral disengagement and gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 119(2), 235–244. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1635-0
- Schaffer, B. S., & Riordan, C. M. (2003). A review of cross-cultural methodologies for organizational research: A best-practices approach. Organizational Research Methods, 6(2), 169–215. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428103251542
- Shiv, B., Edell, J. A., & Payne, J. W. (1997). Factors affecting the impact of negatively and positively framed ad messages. Journal of Consumer Research, 24(3), 285–294. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/209510
- Simpson, B., Robertson, J. L., & White, K. (2019). How co-creation increases employee corporate social responsibility and organizational engagement: The moderating role of self-construal. Journal of Business Ethics, 166(2), 331–350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04138-3
- Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580–591. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167294205014
- Stinson, D. A., Logel, C., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., Cameron, J. J., Wood, J. V., & Spencer, S. J. (2008). The cost of lower self-esteem: Testing a self- and social-bonds model of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(3), 412–428. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.3.412
- Tang, T. L. P., & Sutarso, T. (2013). Falling or not falling into temptation? Multiple faces of temptation, monetary intelligence, and unethical intentions across gender. Journal of Business Ethics, 116(3), 529–552. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1475-3
- Tassiello, V., Lombardi, S., & Costabile, M. (2018). Are we truly wicked when gossiping at work? The role of valence, interpersonal closeness and social awareness. Journal of Business Research, 84, 141–149. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.013
- Tian, Q. T., Song, Y., Kwan, H. K., & Li, X. (2019). Workplace gossip and frontline employees’ proactive service performance. Service Industries Journal, 39(1), 25–42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1435642
- Torres, E. N., Van Niekerk, M., & Orlowski, M. (2017). Customer and employee incivility and its causal effects in the hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 26(1), 48–66. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2016.1178620
- Treviño, L. K., Weaver, G. R., & Reynolds, S. J. (2006). Behavioral ethics in organizations: A review. Journal of Management, 32(6), 951–990. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206306294258
- Waddington, K. (2005). Using diaries to explore the characteristics of work-related gossip: Methodological considerations from exploratory multimethod research. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78(2), 221–236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905X40817
- Westland, J. C. (2010). Lower bounds on sample size in structural equation modeling. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 9(6), 476–487. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2010.07.003
- Westland, J. C. (2012). Erratum to “lower bounds on sample size in structural equation modeling. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 11(4), 445. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.06.001
- Wu, L-Z., Birtch, T. A., Chiang, F. F. T., & Zhang, H. (2018). Perceptions of negative workplace gossip: A self-consistency theory framework. Journal of Management, 44(5), 1873–1898. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316632057
- Wu, X., Kwan, H. K., Wu, L-Z., & Ma, J. (2018). The effect of workplace negative gossip on employee proactive behavior in China: The moderating role of traditionality. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(4), 801–815. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-3006-5
- Ye, Y., Zhu, H., Deng, X., & Mu, Z. (2019). Negative workplace gossip and service outcomes: An explanation from social identity theory. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, 159–168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.04.020
- Yip, J. A., Schweitzer, M. E., & Nurmohamed, S. (2018). Trash-talking: Competitive incivility motivates rivalry, performance, and unethical behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 144, 125–144. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2017.06.002
- Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/651257
- Zheng, X., Qin, X., Liu, X., & Liao, H. (2019). Will creative employees always make trouble? Investigating the roles of moral identity and moral disengagement. Journal of Business Ethics, 157(3), 653–672. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3683-3
- Zhou, X., Fan, L., Cheng, C., & Fan, Y. (2021). When and why do good people not do good deeds? Third-party observers’ unfavorable reactions to negative workplace gossip. Journal of Business Ethics, 171(3), 599–617. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04470-z