References
- Anderson , L. and Littrell , M. 1995 . Souvenir-purchase behavior of women tourists . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 328 – 348 .
- Baraban , R. 1986 . Women-traveler market spurs changes in hotel design . Hotel & Motel Management , 20 ( 11 ) : 20 – 26 .
- Cai , L. and Combrink , T. 2000 . Japanese female travelers—A unique outbound market . Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research , 5 ( 1 ) : 16 – 24 .
- Cha , S. , McCleary , K. and Uysal , M. 1995 . Travel motivations of Japanese overseas travelers: A factors—Cluster segmentation approach . Journal of Travel Research , 34 ( 1 ) : 33 – 39 .
- Chang , J. 2007 . Travel motivations of package tour travelers . Tourism - An International Interdisciplinary Journal , 55 ( 2 ) : 157 – 176 .
- Chiang , C. and Jogaratnam , G. 2006 . Why do women travel solo for purposes of leisure . Journal of Vacation Marketing , 12 ( 1 ) : 71 – 91 .
- Collins , D. and Tisdell , C. 2002 . Gender and differences in travel life cycles . Journal of Travel Research , 41 ( 2 ) : 133 – 143 .
- Cone , C. 1995 . Crafting selves: The lives of two Mayan women . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 314 – 327 .
- Creighton , M. 1995 . Japanese craft and tourism: Liberating the crane wife . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 463 – 478 .
- DeLuca , M. 1986 . Are you doing all you can to attract women travelers . Hotel & Motel Management , 20 ( 15 ) : 4
- Enloe , C. 1989 . Bananas, bases and beaches. Making feminist sense of international politics , London, , England : Pandora .
- Falk , P. and Campbell , C. 1997 . The shopping experience , London, , England : Sage .
- Fischer , E. and Arnold , S. 1994 . Sex, gender identity, gender role attitudes, and consumer behavior . Psychology and Marketing , 11 ( 2 ) : 163 – 182 .
- Garcia-Ramon , M. , Canoves , G. and Valdovinos , N. 1995 . Farm tourism, gender and the environment in Spain . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 267 – 282 .
- Grabum , N. and Jafar , J. 1991 . Introduction: Tourism social science . Annals of Tourism Research , 18 : 1 – 11 .
- Guthery , D. and Lowe , B. 1992 . Translation problems in international marketing research . Journal of Language for International Business , 4 ( 1 ) : 1 – 14 .
- Hair , J. , Anderson , R. , Tatham , R. and Black , W. 2006 . Multivariate data analysis , 6th , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
- Hall , S. 1997 . “ Introduction ” . In Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices , Edited by: Hall , S. 1 – 11 . London, , England : Sage .
- Hawes , D. 1988 . Travel-related lifestyle profiles of older women . Journal of Travel Research , 27 ( 2 ) : 22 – 32 .
- Hong Kong Tourism Board . 2008 . Visitor profile report 2007 , Hong Kong, , China : Author .
- Huang , S. and Hsu , C. 2005 . Mainland Chinese residents' perceptions and motivations of visiting Hong Kong: Evidence from focus group interviews . Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research , 10 ( 2 ) : 191 – 205 .
- Klenosky , D. 2002 . The pull of tourism destinations: A mean–send investigation . Journal of Travel Research , 40 ( 4 ) : 385 – 395 .
- Li , M. 2007 . Modeling the travel motivation of Chinese outbound tourists , West Lafayette, IN : Purdue University .
- McGehee , N. G. , Loker-Murphy , L. and Uysal , M. 1996 . The Australian international pleasure travel market: Motivations from a gendered perspective . Journal of Tourism Studies , 7 ( 1 ) : 45 – 57 .
- Meisch , L. 1995 . Gringas and otavalenos: Changing tourist relations . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 441 – 462 .
- Moore , R. 1995 . Gender and alcohol use in a Greek tourist town . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 300 – 315 .
- National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2010). Statistical Communique of the People's Republic of China on the 2009 National Economic and Social Development. http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20100226_402623115.htm (http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20100226_402623115.htm) (Accessed: August 2010 ).
- Nunnally , J. 1967 . Psychometric theory , New York, NY : McGraw-Hill .
- Pennington-Gray , L. and Kerstetter , D. 2001 . What do university-educated women want from their pleasure travel experience . Journal of Travel Research , 40 ( 1 ) : 49 – 56 .
- Pritchard , A. and Morgan , N. 2000 . Constructing tourism landscapes—Gender, sexuality and space . Tourism Geographies , 2 ( 2 ) : 115 – 139 .
- Pruitt , D. and Lafont , S. 1995 . For love and money: Romance tourism in Jamaica . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 422 – 440 .
- Senftleben , W. 1986 . Hot spring resorts and sexual entertainment: Observations from northern Taiwan—A study in social geography . The Philippine Geographical Journal , 30 : 21 – 24 .
- Smith , J. and Clurman , A. 1997 . Rocking the age: The Yankelovich report on generational marketing , New York, NY : HarperCollins .
- Smith , V. 1979 . Women: The taste-makers in tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 1 ( 1 ) : 49 – 60 .
- Swain , M. 1995 . Gender in tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 ) : 247 – 266 .
- Swain , M. 1995 . Gender in tourism [Special issue] . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 2 )
- Wang , D. 2004 . Hong Kongers' cross-border consumption and shopping in Shenzhen: Patterns and motivations . Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services , 11 ( 3 ) : 149 – 159 .
- Wang , Z. 2009 . What crisis? Chinese women happy to spend [Electronic version] . China Daily. , Retrieved from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-11/06/content_8921283.htm
- World Tourism Organization . 2001 . Tourism 2020 Vision , Madrid, , Spain : World Tourism Organization .
- World Tourism Organization . 2006 . China—The Asia and the Pacific intra-regional outbound series , Madrid, , Spain : Author .
- Xu , F. 2003 . Chinese outbound tourism , Madrid, , Spain : World Tourism Organization .
- Yuan , S. and McDonald , C. 1990 . Motivational determinants of international pleasure time . Journal of Travel Research , 24 ( 2 ) : 42 – 44 .
- Zhang , H. and Lam , T. 1999 . An analysis of Mainland Chinese visitors' motivation to visit Hong Kong . Tourism Management , 20 ( 5 ) : 587 – 594 .