381
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Energy and demand implication of using recommended practice occupancy diversity factors compared to real occupancy data in whole building energy simulation

, &
Pages 408-423 | Received 29 May 2013, Accepted 12 Sep 2014, Published online: 05 Nov 2014

References

  • Abushakra, Bass, Atch Sreshthaputra, Jeff S. Haberl, and David E. Claridge. 2001. Compilation of Diversity Factors and Schedules for Energy and Cooling Load Calculations. Final report 1093-RP. ASHRAE Research Project.
  • Acker, B., C. Duarte, and K. Van Den Wymelenberg. 2012. Office Plug Load Profiles. Technical report 20100312–01. Integrated Design Lab, University of Idaho. www.idlboise.com/papers.
  • Ahmad, Mushtaq, and Charles H. Culp. 2006. “Uncalibrated Building Energy Simulation Modeling Results.” HVAC&R Research 12 (4): 1141–1155.
  • ASHRAE. 2002. ASHRAE Guideline 14–2002, Measurement of Energy and Demand Savings. Atlanta: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
  • ASHRAE. 2004. ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G. Building Performance Rating Method. ASHRAE. http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~sailor/CoursePages/ME422_Spr09/ASHRAE90_1Appendix_G.pdf
  • Davis III, James A., and Darin W. Nutter. 2010. “Occupancy Diversity Factors for Common University Building Types.” Energy and Buildings 42 (9): 1543–1551. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.03.025.
  • DOE. 2012. “Commercial Prototype Building Models.” Department of Energy. http://www.energycodes.gov/development/commercial/90.1_models.
  • DOE. 2013. “EnergyPlus Energy Simulation Software: About EnergyPlus.” Department of Energy. http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energyplus/energyplus_about.cfm.
  • Duarte, Carlos, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, and Craig Rieger. 2013a. “Revealing Occupancy Patterns in an Office Building Through the Use of Occupancy Sensor Data.” Energy and Buildings 67 (December): 587–595. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.08.062.
  • Duarte, Carlos, Kevin Van Den Wymelenberg, and Craig G. Rieger. 2013b. “Revealing Occupancy Patterns in Office Buildings Through the Use of Annual Occupancy Sensor Data.” ASHRAE Transactions 119 (2): 1. http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/96045857/revealing-occupancypatterns-office-buildings-through-use-annual-occupancysensor-data.
  • Eilers, Mark, John Reed, and Scott Pigg. 1996. “Behavioral Aspects of Lighting and Occupancy Sensors in Private Offices: A Case Study of a University Office Building” ACEEE 1996 Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California. August 25–31. http://www.aceee.org/files/proceedings/1996/data/index.htm
  • Galasui, Anca D., Guy R. Newsham, Cristian Suvagau, and Damiel M. Sander. 2007. “Energy Savings Lighting Control Systems for Open-Plan Offices: A Field Study.” Leukos 4 (1): 7–29.
  • Heo, Y., R. Choudhary, and G. A. Augenbroe. 2012. “Calibration of Building Energy Models for Retrofit Analysis under Uncertainty.” Energy and Buildings 47 (April): 550–560. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.12.029.
  • IPMVP. 2010. International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol. Washington, DC: Department of Energy.
  • Jennings, J., F. M. Rubinstein, D. DiBartolomeo, and S. Blanc. 1999. “Comparison of Control Options in Private Offices in an Advanced Lighting Control Testbed.” IESNA 1999 annual conference, New Orleans, LA, August 9–11.
  • Kwok, Simon S. K., and Eric W. M. Lee. 2011. “A Study of the Importance of Occupancy to Building Cooling Load in Prediction by Intelligent Approach.” Energy Conversion and Management 52 (7): 2555–2564. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2011.02.002.
  • Mahdavi, Ardeshir. 2009. “Patterns and Implications of User Control Actions in Buildings.” Indoor and Built Environment 18 (5): 440–446. doi:10.1177/1420326X09344277.
  • Maile, Tobias. 2010. “Comparing Measured and Simulated Building Energy Performance Data.” Doctorate thesis, Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
  • Page, J., D. Robinson, N. Morel, and J.-L. Scartezzini. 2008. “A Generalised Stochastic Model for the Simulation of Occupant Presence.” Energy and Buildings 40 (2): 83–98. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.01.018.
  • Raftery, Paul, Marcus Keane, and Andrea Costa. 2011. “Calibrating Whole Building Energy Models: Detailed Case Study Using Hourly Measured Data.” Energy and Buildings 43 (12): 3666–3679. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.039.
  • Raftery, Paul, Marcus Keane, and James O'Donnell. 2011. “Calibrating Whole Building Energy Models: An Evidence-Based Methodology.” Energy and Buildings 43 (9): 2356–2364. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.05.020.
  • Reddy, T. Agami. 2006. “Literature Review on Calibration of Building Energy Simulation Programs: Uses, Problems, Procedures, Uncertainty, and Tools.” ASHRAE Transactions 112 (1): 226–240.
  • Roth, Kurt W., Detlef Westphalen, Michael Y. Feng, Patricia Llana, and Louis Quartararo. 2005. Energy Impact of Commercial Building Controls and Performance Diagnostics: Market Characteristics, Energy Impact of Building Faults and Energy Savings Potential. Prepared for the US Department of Energy Building Technologies Program D0180. Cambridge, MA: TIAX.
  • Sissine, Fred. 2007. Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007: A Summary of Major Provisions. https://wiki.umn.edu/pub/ESPM3241W/S09TopicSummaryTeamFourteen/CRS_Report_for_Congress.pdf
  • Wang, Danni, Clifford C. Federspiel, and Francis Rubinstein. 2005. “Modeling Occupancy in Single Person Offices.” Energy and Buildings 37 (2): 121–126. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.06.015.
  • Wang, Chuang, Da Yan, and Yi Jiang. 2011. “A Novel Approach for Building Occupancy Simulation.” Building Simulation 4 (2): 149–167. doi:10.1007/s12273-011-0044-5.
  • WBCSD. 2009. Transforming the Market: Energy Efficiency in Buildings. World Business Council for Sustainable Development. http://www.wbcsd.org/transformingthemarketeeb.aspx.
  • Yamaguchi, Y., Y. Shimoda, and M. Mizuno. 2003. “Development of District Energy System Simulation Model Based on Detailed Energy Demand Model.” Proceedings of the eighth international IBPSA conference, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
  • Yoon, Jongho, E. J. Lee, and D. E. Claridge. 2003. “Calibration Procedure for Energy Performance Simulation of a Commercial Building.” Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125 (3): 251. doi:10.1115/1.1564076.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.