References
- Pezet S. Neurotrophins and pain. Biol Aujourdhui. 2014;208:21–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2014002.
- Reichardt LF. Neurotrophin-regulated signalling pathways. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2006;361:1545–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1894.
- Chao MV. Neurotrophin receptors: a window into neuronal differentiation. Neuron. 1992;9:583–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(92)90023-7.
- von Hehn CA, Baron R, Woolf CJ. Deconstructing the neuropathic pain phenotype to reveal neural mechanisms. Neuron. 2012;73:638–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2012.02.008.
- Verge VM, Gratto KA, Karchewski LA, Richardson PM. Neurotrophins and nerve injury in the adult. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1996;351:423–30.
- Li W, Cai WQ, Li CR. Repair of spinal cord injury by neural stem cells modified with BDNF gene in rats. Neurosci Bull. 2006;22:34–40.
- Fukuoka T, Kondo E, Dai Y, Hashimoto N, Noguchi K. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases in the uninjured dorsal root ganglion neurons in selective spinal nerve ligation model. J Neurosci. 2001;21:4891–900. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-13-04891.2001.
- Castel D, Sabbag I, Brenner O, Meilin S. Peripheral neuritis trauma in pigs: a neuropathic pain model. J Pain. 2016;17:36–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.09.011.
- Luo XG, Rush RA, Zhou XF. Ultrastructural localization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat primary sensory neurons. Neurosci Res. 2001;39:377–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-0102(00)00238-8.
- Michael GJ, Averill S, Shortland PJ, Yan Q, Priestley JV. Axotomy results in major changes in BDNF expression by dorsal root ganglion cells: BDNF expression in large trkB and trkC cells, in pericellular baskets, and in projections to deep dorsal horn and dorsal column nuclei. Eur J Neurosci. 1999;11:3539–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00767.x.
- Pezet S, Malcangio M, Lever IJ, Perkinton MS, Thompson SW. Noxious stimulation induces Trk receptor and downstream ERK phosphorylation in spinal dorsal horn. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2002;21:684–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/mcne.2002.1205.
- Bibel M, Hoppe E, Barde YA. Biochemical and functional interactions between the neurotrophin receptors trk and p75NTR. Embo J. 1999;18:616–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/18.3.616.
- Chao MV, Hempstead BL. p75 and Trk: a two-receptor system. Trends Neurosci. 1995;18:321–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(95)93922-K.
- Ferrini F, De Koninck Y. Microglia control neuronal network excitability via BDNF signalling. Neural Plast. 2013;2013:429815. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/429815.
- Sanna MD, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N. Blockade of the spinal BDNF-activated JNK pathway prevents the development of antiretroviral-induced neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology. 2016;105:543–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.02.016.
- Valverde Guevara YM, Yoshikawa H, Saito I, Maeda T, Seo K. Effect of local application of an antibody against brain-derived neurotrophic factor on neuroma formation after transection of the inferior alveolar nerve in the rat. Neuroreport. 2014;25:1069–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000231.
- Zhang X, Wang J, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Pu S, Wu J, Xue Y, Tian Y, Lu J, Jiang W, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-activated astrocytes produce mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain. Neuroscience. 2011;199:452–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.10.017.
- Grimsholm O, Guo Y, Ny T, Forsgren S. Expression patterns of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors in articular chondrocytes and inflammatory infiltrates in knee joint arthritis. Cells Tissues Organs. 2008;188:299–309. doi:https://doi.org/10.1159/000121432.
- Rihl M, Kruithof E, Barthel C, De Keyser F, Veys EM. Involvement of neurotrophins and their receptors in spondyloarthritis synovitis: relation to inflammation and response to treatment. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:1542–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2004.032599.
- Sobue G, Yamamoto M, Doyu M, Li M, Yasuda T, Mitsuma T. Expression of mRNAs for neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, and NT-3) and their receptors (p75NGFR, trk, trkB, and trkC) in human peripheral neuropathies. Neurochem Res. 1998;23:821–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022434209787.
- Wang DD, Tian T, Dong Q, Xu XF, Yu H. Transcriptome profiling analysis of the mechanisms underlying the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism induced dysfunctions of the central nervous system. Hippocampus. 2014;24:65–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.22204.
- Weidler C, Holzer C, Harbuz M, Hofbauer R, Angele P. Low density of sympathetic nerve fibres and increased density of brain derived neurotrophic factor positive cells in RA synovium. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:13–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2003.016154.
- Navone SE, Marfia G, Canzi L, Ciusani E, Canazza A. Expression of neural and neurotrophic markers in nucleus pulposus cells isolated from degenerated intervertebral disc. J Orthop Res. 2012;30:1470–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.22098.
- Purmessur D, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA. Expression and regulation of neurotrophins in the nondegenerate and degenerate human intervertebral disc. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10:R99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2487.
- Zhu ZW, Friess H, Wang L, Zimmermann A, Buchler MW. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is upregulated and associated with pain in chronic pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci. 2001;46:1633–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010684916863.
- Yu L, Dan QQ, Li JT, Zhang YH. [Block effects of BDNF antibody on MEK expression in lung of rats with brain ischemia]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2012;43:926–29.
- Lopez-Perez AE, Nurgali K, Abalo R. Painful neurotrophins and their role in visceral pain. Behav Pharmacol. 2018;29:120–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0000000000000386.
- Luo C, Zhong XL, Zhou FH, Li JY, Zhou P, Xu JM, Song B, Li C-Q, Zhou X-F, Dai R-P, et al. Peripheral brain derived neurotrophic factor precursor regulates pain as an inflammatory mediator. Sci Rep. 2016;6:27171. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27171.
- Kivitz AJ, Gimbel JS, Bramson C, Nemeth MA, Keller DS, Brown MT, West CR, Verburg KM. Efficacy and safety of tanezumab versus naproxen in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Pain. 2013;154:1009–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.03.006.
- Gimbel JS, Kivitz AJ, Bramson C, Nemeth MA, Keller DS, Brown MT, West CR, Verburg KM. Long-term safety and effectiveness of tanezumab as treatment for chronic low back pain. Pain. 2014;155:1793–801. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.06.004.
- Lane NE, Schnitzer TJ, Birbara CA, Mokhtarani M, Shelton DL, Smith MD, Brown MT. Tanezumab for the treatment of pain from osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1521–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0901510.
- Kan SL, Li Y, Ning GZ, Yuan ZF, Chen LX, Bi MC, Sun J-C, Feng S-Q. Tanezumab for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0157105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157105.
- Finlay WJ, Bloom L, Grant J, Franklin E, Shuilleabhain DN, Cunningham O. Phage display: a powerful technology for the generation of high-specificity affinity reagents from alternative immune sources. Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1485:85–99.
- Finlay WJ, Bloom L, Cunningham O. Optimized generation of high-affinity, high-specificity single-chain Fv antibodies from multiantigen immunized chickens. Methods Mol Biol. 2011;681:383–401.
- Tsurushita N, Park M, Pakabunto K, Ong K, Avdalovic A, Fu H, Jia A, Vásquez M, Kumar S. Humanization of a chicken anti-IL-12 monoclonal antibody. J Immunol Methods. 2004;295:9–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2004.08.018.
- Nishibori N, Horiuchi H, Furusawa S, Matsuda H. Humanization of chicken monoclonal antibody using phage-display system. Mol Immunol. 2006;43:634–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2005.04.002.
- Katsamba PS, Navratilova I, Calderon-Cacia M, Fan L, Thornton K, Zhu M, Bos TV, Forte C, Friend D, Laird-Offringa I. Kinetic analysis of a high-affinity antibody/antigen interaction performed by multiple Biacore users. Anal Biochem. 2006;352:208–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2006.01.034.
- Darling RJ, Brault PA. Kinetic exclusion assay technology: characterization of molecular interactions. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2004;2:647–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2004.2.647.
- Drake AW, Tang ML, Papalia GA, Landes G, Haak-Frendscho M, Klakamp SL. Biacore surface matrix effects on the binding kinetics and affinity of an antigen/antibody complex. Anal Biochem. 2012;429:58–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2012.06.024.
- Kim DS, Choi JO, Rim HD, Cho HJ. Downregulation of voltage-gated potassium channel alpha gene expression in dorsal root ganglia following chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002;105:146–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00388-1.
- Rasband MN, Park EW, Vanderah TW, Lai J, Porreca F, Trimmer JS. Distinct potassium channels on pain-sensing neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98:13373–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.231376298.
- Cao XH, Byun HS, Chen SR, Cai YQ, Pan HL. Reduction in voltage-gated K+ channel activity in primary sensory neurons in painful diabetic neuropathy: role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Neurochem. 2010;114:1460–75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06863.x.
- Takeda M, Tsuboi Y, Kitagawa J, Nakagawa K, Iwata K, Matsumoto S. Potassium channels as a potential therapeutic target for trigeminal neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Mol Pain. 2011;7:5. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8069-7-5.
- Xiao Y, Wu Y, Zhao B, Xia Z. Decreased voltage-gated potassium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons after chronic constriction injury. Neuroreport. 2016;27:104–09. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000505.
- Yang EK, Takimoto K, Hayashi Y, de Groat WC, Yoshimura N. Altered expression of potassium channel subunit mRNA and alpha-dendrotoxin sensitivity of potassium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons after axotomy. Neuroscience. 2004;123:867–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.11.014.
- Rong W, Hillsley K, Davis JB, Hicks G, Winchester WJ, Grundy D. Jejunal afferent nerve sensitivity in wild-type and TRPV1 knockout mice. J Physiol. 2004;560:867–81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2004.071746.
- Du J, Koltzenburg M, Carlton SM. Glutamate-induced excitation and sensitization of nociceptors in rat glabrous skin. Pain. 2001;89:187–98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00362-6.
- Shim B, Kim DW, Kim BH, Nam TS, Leem JW, Chung JM. Mechanical and heat sensitization of cutaneous nociceptors in rats with experimental peripheral neuropathy. Neuroscience. 2005;132:193–201. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.12.036.
- Maisonpierre PC, Le Beau MM, Espinosa R 3rd, Ip NY, Belluscio L, de la Monte SM, Squinto S, Furth ME, Yancopoulos GD. Human and rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3: gene structures, distributions, and chromosomal localizations. Genomics. 1991;10:558–68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(91)90436-I.
- Pezet S, McMahon SB. Neurotrophins: mediators and modulators of pain. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2006;29:507–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112929.
- Ishikawa K, Tanaka M, Black JA, Waxman SG. Changes in expression of voltage-gated potassium channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons following axotomy. Muscle Nerve. 1999;22:502–07. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199904)22:4<502::AID-MUS12>3.0.CO;2-K.
- Li Q, Wanderling S, Paduch M, Medovoy D, Singharoy A, McGreevy R, Villalba-Galea CA, Hulse RE, Roux B, Schulten K. Structural mechanism of voltage-dependent gating in an isolated voltage-sensing domain. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2014;21:244–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.2768.
- Tsantoulas C, Zhu L, Yip P, Grist J, Michael GJ, McMahon SB. Kv2 dysfunction after peripheral axotomy enhances sensory neuron responsiveness to sustained input. Exp Neurol. 2014;251:115–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.11.011.
- Park SY, Choi JY, Kim RU, Lee YS, Cho HJ, Kim DS. Downregulation of voltage-gated potassium channel alpha gene expression by axotomy and neurotrophins in rat dorsal root ganglia. Mol Cells. 2003;16:256–59.
- Tsantoulas C, Zhu L, Shaifta Y, Grist J, Ward JP. Sensory neuron downregulation of the Kv9.1 potassium channel subunit mediates neuropathic pain following nerve injury. J Neurosci. 2012;32:17502–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3561-12.2012.
- Pongs O. Regulation of excitability by potassium channels. Results Probl Cell Differ. 2008;44:145–61.
- Calvo M, Richards N, Schmid AB, Barroso A, Zhu L, Ivulic D, Zhu N, Anwandter P, Bhat MA, Court FA, et al. Altered potassium channel distribution and composition in myelinated axons suppresses hyperexcitability following injury. Elife. 2016;5:e12661. doi:https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12661.
- Nagado T, Arimura K, Sonoda Y, Kurono A, Horikiri Y, Kameyama A, Kameyama M, Pongs O, Osame M. Potassium current suppression in patients with peripheral nerve hyperexcitability. Brain. 1999;122(Pt 11):2057–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/122.11.2057.
- Kabat EA, Wu T T, Bilofsky H, Resources NIoHDoR, Health NIo. sequences of immunoglobulin chains: tabulation and analysis of amino acid sequences of precursors, V-regions, C-regions, J-chain and BP-microglobulins. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1979
- Franklin E, Cunningham O, Fennell B. Parallel evolution of antibody affinity and thermal stability for optimal biotherapeutic development. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1827:457–77.
- Fennell BJ, McDonnell B, Tam AS, Chang L, Steven J, Broadbent ID, Gao H, Kieras E, Alley J, Luxenberg D. CDR-restricted engineering of native human scFvs creates highly stable and soluble bifunctional antibodies for subcutaneous delivery. mAbs. 2013;5:882–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/mabs.26201.
- Shih HH, Tu C, Cao W, Klein A, Ramsey R, Fennell BJ, Lambert M, Ní Shúilleabháin D, Autin B, Kouranova E, et al. An ultra-specific avian antibody to phosphorylated tau protein reveals a unique mechanism for phosphoepitope recognition. J Biol Chem. 2012;287:44425–34. doi:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.415935.
- Myszka DG. Kinetic analysis of macromolecular interactions using surface plasmon resonance biosensors. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 1997;8:50–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(97)80157-7.
- The Animals HC. scientific procedures) Act 1986. Lancet. 1986;2:32–33. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92571-7.
- Zimmermann M. Ethical considerations in relation to pain in animal experimentation. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1986;554:221–33.