923
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

The future of footwear biomechanics research

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 145-154 | Received 24 Feb 2023, Accepted 30 Mar 2023, Published online: 14 Jun 2023

References

  • Barnes, K. R., & Kilding, A. E. (2015). Running economy: Measurement, norms, and determining factors. Sports Medicine-Open, 1(1), 1–15.
  • Bercovitz, T., Herman, A., Solomonow-Avnon, D., Wolf, A., & Kodesh, E. (2022). Plantar pressure modifications in experienced runners following an exhaustive run. Sports Biomechanics, 21(10), 1189–1199. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2020.1743744
  • Bus, S. A., Valk, G. D., Van Deursen, R. W., Armstrong, D. G., Caravaggi, C., Hlaváček, P., Bakker, K., & Cavanagh, P. R. (2008). The effectiveness of footwear and offloading interventions to prevent and heal foot ulcers and reduce plantar pressure in diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 24(S1), S162–S180. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.850
  • Butler, R. J., Hamill, J., & Davis, I. (2007). Effect of footwear on high and low arched runners’ mechanics during a prolonged run. Gait & Posture, 26(2), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.09.015
  • Carbon 3D Print Lattice Innovation—The Adidas Story. (n.d.). Carbon. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.carbon3d.com/resources/whitepaper/the-adidas-story
  • Challis, J. H. (1999). A procedure for the automatic determination of filter cutoff frequency for the processing of biomechanical data. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 15(3), 303–317. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.15.3.303
  • Chatzistergos, P., Behforootan, S., Naemi, R., & Chockalingam, N. (2023). Finite element modeling. In Foot and ankle biomechanics (pp. 365–386). Elsevier.
  • Chen, W.-M., Yu, Y., Geng, X., Wang, C., Chen, L., & Ma, X. (2022). Modulation of internal tissue stresses of the knee via control of variable-stiffness properties in a 3D-printed footwear: A combined experimental and finite element analysis. Medical Engineering & Physics, 104, 103800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103800
  • Cheung, R. T., & Ng, G. Y. (2007). Efficacy of motion control shoes for reducing excessive rearfoot motion in fatigued runners. Physical Therapy in Sport, 8(2), 75–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2006.12.002
  • Cigoja, S., Fletcher, J. R., & Nigg, B. M. (2022). Can changes in midsole bending stiffness of shoes affect the onset of joint work redistribution during a prolonged run? Journal of Sport and Health Science, 11(3), 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.12.007
  • Davia-Aracil, M., Hinojo-Pérez, J. J., Jimeno-Morenilla, A., & Mora-Mora, H. (2018). 3D printing of functional anatomical insoles. Computers in Industry, 95, 38–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2017.12.001
  • Davis, D. J., & Challis, J. H. (2020). Automatic segment filtering procedure for processing non-stationary signals. Journal of Biomechanics, 101, 109619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109619
  • Davis, I. S., Hollander, K., Lieberman, D. E., Ridge, S. T., Sacco, I. C., & Wearing, S. C. (2021). Stepping back to minimal footwear: Applications across the lifespan. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 49(4), 228–243. https://doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000263
  • Davis, J. J., Straczkiewicz, M., Harezlak, J., & Gruber, A. H. (2021). CARL: A running recognition algorithm for free-living accelerometer data. Physiological Measurement, 42(11), 115001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/ac41b8
  • De Groote, F., & Falisse, A. (2021). Perspective on musculoskeletal modelling and predictive simulations of human movement to assess the neuromechanics of gait. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Biological Sciences, 288(1946), 20202432. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2432
  • Dembia, C. L., Bianco, N. A., Falisse, A., Hicks, J. L., & Delp, S. L. (2020). Opensim moco: Musculoskeletal optimal control. PLoS Computational Biology, 16(12), e1008493. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008493
  • Derie, R., Van den Berghe, P., Gerlo, J., Bonnaerens, S., Caekenberghe, I. V., Fiers, P., De Clercq, D., & Segers, V. (2022). Biomechanical adaptations following a music-based biofeedback gait retraining program to reduce peak tibial accelerations. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 32(7), 1142–1152. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14162
  • Derrick, T. R., van den Bogert, A. J., Cereatti, A., Dumas, R., Fantozzi, S., & Leardini, A. (2020). ISB recommendations on the reporting of intersegmental forces and moments during human motion analysis. Journal of Biomechanics, 99, 109533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109533
  • Dong, G., Tessier, D., & Zhao, Y. F. (2019). Design of shoe soles using lattice structures fabricated by additive manufacturing. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design, 1(1), 719–728. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.76
  • Dorschky, E., Camomilla, V., Davis, J., Federolf, P., Reenalda, J., & Koelewijn, A. D. (2023). Perspective on “in the wild” movement analysis using machine learning. Human Movement Science, 87, 103042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2022.103042
  • Eckstein, F., Hudelmaier, M., & Putz, R. (2006). The effects of exercise on human articular cartilage. Journal of Anatomy, 208(4), 491–512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00546.x
  • Falisse, A., Serrancolí, G., Dembia, C. L., Gillis, J., & De Groote, F. (2019). Algorithmic differentiation improves the computational efficiency of OpenSim-based trajectory optimization of human movement. PloS One, 14(10), e0217730. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217730
  • Falisse, A., Serrancolí, G., Dembia, C. L., Gillis, J., Jonkers, I., & De Groote, F. (2019). Rapid predictive simulations with complex musculoskeletal models suggest that diverse healthy and pathological human gaits can emerge from similar control strategies. Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 16(157), 20190402. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0402
  • Frederick, E. C. (2020). No evidence of a performance advantage attributable to midsole thickness. Footwear Science, 12(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2019.1690327
  • Frederick, E. C. (2022). Let’s just call it advanced footwear technology (AFT). Footwear Science, 14(3), 131–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2022.2127526
  • Geijtenbeek, T. (2019). Scone: Open source software for predictive simulation of biological motion. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(38), 1421. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01421
  • Hébert-Losier, K., Dai, B., Nunome, H., Kong, P. W., Hobara, H., Hsu, W.-C., Bradshaw, E. J., Fong, D. T. P., & Vanwanseele, B. (2023). Reporting guidelines for running biomechanics and footwear studies using three-dimensional motion capture. Sports Biomechanics, 22(3), 473–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2022.2110149
  • Hébert-Losier, K., Finlayson, S. J., Driller, M. W., Dubois, B., Esculier, J. F., & Beaven, C. M. (2022). Metabolic and performance responses of male runners wearing 3 types of footwear: Nike Vaporfly 4%, Saucony Endorphin racing flats, and their own shoes. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 11(3), 275–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.11.012
  • Hollander, K., De Villiers, J. E., Sehner, S., Wegscheider, K., Braumann, K.-M., Venter, R., & Zech, A. (2017). Growing-up (habitually) barefoot influences the development of foot and arch morphology in children and adolescents. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07868-4
  • Hoogkamer, W., Kipp, S., Frank, J. H., Farina, E. M., Luo, G., & Kram, R. (2018). A comparison of the energetic cost of running in marathon racing shoes. Sports Medicine, 48(4), 1009–1019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0811-2
  • Hoogkamer, W., Snyder, K. L., & Arellano, C. J. (2019). Reflecting on Eliud Kipchoge’s marathon World Record: An update to our model of cooperative drafting and its potential for a sub-2-hour performance. Sports Medicine, 49(2), 167–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01056-2
  • Hughes, G. T., Camomilla, V., Vanwanseele, B., Harrison, A. J., Fong, D. T., & Bradshaw, E. J. (2021). Novel technology in sports biomechanics: Some words of caution. Sports Biomechanics, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2020.1869453
  • Jacques, J. J., Agogino, A. M., & Guimara Es, L. B. (2010). Sustainable product development initiatives in the footwear industry based on the cradle to cradle concept [Paper presentation]. International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, 44144, 473–481. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2010-29061
  • Jiang, H., Dong, L., & Qiu, B. (2022). How are macro-scale and micro-scale built environments associated with running activity? The application of Strava data and deep learning in inner London. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(10), 504. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100504
  • Johnson, W. R., Mian, A., Robinson, M. A., Verheul, J., Lloyd, D. G., & Alderson, J. A. (2021). Multidimensional ground reaction forces and moments from wearable sensor accelerations via deep learning. IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering, 68(1), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2020.3006158
  • Kanko, R. M., Laende, E. K., Davis, E. M., Selbie, W. S., & Deluzio, K. J. (2021). Concurrent assessment of gait kinematics using marker-based and markerless motion capture. Journal of Biomechanics, 127, 110665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110665
  • Kanko, R. M., Laende, E., Selbie, W. S., & Deluzio, K. J. (2021). Inter-session repeatability of markerless motion capture gait kinematics. Journal of Biomechanics, 121, 110422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110422
  • Kessler, S. E., Rainbow, M. J., Lichtwark, G. A., Cresswell, A. G., D'Andrea, S. E., Konow, N., & Kelly, L. A. (2019). A direct comparison of biplanar videoradiography and optical motion capture for foot and ankle kinematics. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 7, 199. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00199
  • Kjaer, M. (2004). Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading. Physiological Reviews, 84(2), 649–698. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2003
  • Kouchi, M. (1998). Foot dimensions and foot shape: Differences due to growth, generation and ethnic origin. Anthropological Science, 106(Supplement), 161–188. https://doi.org/10.1537/ase.106.Supplement_161
  • Krauss, I., Grau, S., Mauch, M., Maiwald, C., & Horstmann, T. (2008). Sex-related differences in foot shape. Ergonomics, 51(11), 1693–1709. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130802376026
  • Kuang, X., Roach, D. J., Wu, J., Hamel, C. M., Ding, Z., Wang, T., Dunn, M. L., & Qi, H. J. (2019). Advances in 4D printing: Materials and applications. Advanced Functional Materials, 29(2), 1805290. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201805290
  • Leardini, A., Stebbins, J., Hillstrom, H., Caravaggi, P., Deschamps, K., & Arndt, A. (2021). ISB recommendations for skin-marker-based multi-segment foot kinematics. Journal of Biomechanics, 125, 110581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110581
  • Lim, P. Q., Shields, N., Nikolopoulos, N., Barrett, J. T., Evans, A. M., Taylor, N. F., & Munteanu, S. E. (2015). The association of foot structure and footwear fit with disability in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-015-0062-0
  • Mai, P., Robertz, L., Robbin, J., Bill, K., Weir, G., Kurz, M., Trudeau, M. B., Hollander, K., Hamill, J., & Willwacher, S. (2022). Towards functionally individualized designed footwear recommendation for overuse injury prevention: A scoping review. Research Square.
  • Mai, P., Robertz, L., Robbin, J., Thelen, M., Kurz, M., Trudeau, M. B., Weir, G., Hamill, J., & Willwacher, S. (2022). An analytical framework to understand individual running-related injury risk response patterns to footwear. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1177/17543371221100044
  • Mai, P., Robertz, L., Thelen, M., Weir, G., Trudeau, M. B., Hamill, J., & Willwacher, S. (2021). A method to quantify stiffness across the entire surface of a shoe’s midsole. Footwear Science, 13(2), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2021.1878286
  • Marcos Mazon, D., Groefsema, M., Schomaker, L. R., & Carloni, R. (2022). IMU-based classification of locomotion modes, transitions, and gait phases with convolutional recurrent neural networks. Sensors, 22(22), 8871. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228871
  • McDonough, W., & Braungart, M. (2010). Cradle to cradle: Remaking the way we make things. North Point press.
  • Mellon, S. J., & Tanner, K. E. (2012). Bone and its adaptation to mechanical loading: A review. International Materials Reviews, 57(5), 235–255. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280412Y.0000000008
  • Milà, L., Domènech, X., Rieradevall, J., Fullana, P., & Puig, R. (1998). Application of life cycle assessment to footwear. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 3(4), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02977570
  • Miranda, D. L., Rainbow, M. J., Crisco, J. J., & Fleming, B. C. (2013). Kinematic differences between optical motion capture and biplanar videoradiography during a jump–cut maneuver. Journal of Biomechanics, 46(3), 567–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.09.023
  • Moore, I. S. (2016). Is there an economical running technique? A review of modifiable biomechanical factors affecting running economy. Sports Medicine, 46(6), 793–807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0474-4
  • Muniz-Pardos, B., Sutehall, S., Angeloudis, K., Guppy, F. M., Bosch, A., & Pitsiladis, Y. (2021). Recent improvements in marathon run times are likely technological, not physiological. Sports Medicine, 51(3), 371–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01420-7
  • Muthu, S. S., & Li, Y. (2021). The environmental impact of footwear and footwear materials. In A. Luximon (Ed.), Handbook of footwear design and manufacture (pp. 305–320). Elsevier.
  • Nigg, B. M., Baltich, J., Hoerzer, S., & Enders, H. (2015). Running shoes and running injuries: Mythbusting and a proposal for two new paradigms: ‘preferred movement path’ and ‘comfort filter’. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(20), 1290–1294. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095054
  • Ortega, J. A., Healey, L. A., Swinnen, W., & Hoogkamer, W. (2021). Energetics and biomechanics of running footwear with increased longitudinal bending stiffness: A narrative review. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 51(5), 873–894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01406-5
  • Poitras, I., Dupuis, F., Bielmann, M., Campeau-Lecours, A., Mercier, C., Bouyer, L. J., & Roy, J.-S. (2019). Validity and reliability of wearable sensors for joint angle estimation: A systematic review. Sensors, 19(7), 1555. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071555
  • Quantis. (2018). Measuring fashion: Environmental impact of the global apparel and footwear industries study. Full report and methodological considerations. Quantis.
  • Quealy, K., & Katz, J. (2018, July 18). Nike says its $250 running shoes will make you run much faster. what if that’s actually true. New York Times, 18.
  • Reenalda, J., Maartens, E., Buurke, J. H., & Gruber, A. H. (2019). Kinematics and shock attenuation during a prolonged run on the athletic track as measured with inertial magnetic measurement units. Gait & Posture, 68, 155–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.11.020
  • Reeves, N. D., & Bowling, F. L. (2011). Conservative biomechanical strategies for knee osteoarthritis. Nature Reviews. Rheumatology, 7(2), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2010.212
  • Roos, E. M., & Arden, N. K. (2016). Strategies for the prevention of knee osteoarthritis. Nature Reviews. Rheumatology, 12(2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2015.135
  • Sanno, M., Epro, G., Brüggemann, G.-P., & Willwacher, S. (2018). Running into fatigue: The effects of footwear on kinematics, kinetics. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 53(6), 1217–1227.
  • Sanno, M., Willwacher, S., Epro, G., & Brüggemann, G.-P. (2018). Positive work contribution shifts from distal to proximal joints during a prolonged run. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50(12), 2507–2517. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001707
  • Spink, M. J., Fotoohabadi, M. R., Wee, E., Hill, K. D., Lord, S. R., & Menz, H. B. (2011). Foot and ankle strength, range of motion, posture, and deformity are associated with balance and functional ability in older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92(1), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2010.09.024
  • Strava. (2021). Strava’s year in sport 2021 charts trajectory of ongoing sports boom. Strava. https://blog.strava.com/press/yis2021/
  • Trapp, M., Kreutz, M., Lütjen, M., & Freitag, M. (2022). Improving sustainability of footwear production through 3D printing of shoes. Digitization of the Work Environment for Sustainable Production, 1, 1–15.
  • Trudeau, M. B., Willwacher, S., Weir, G., Rohr, E., Ertel, C., Bruggemann, G.-P., & Hamill, J. (2019). A novel method for estimating an individual’s deviation from their habitual motion path when running. Footwear Science, 11(3), 135–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2019.1615004
  • Van den Berghe, P., Derie, R., Bauwens, P., Gerlo, J., Segers, V., Leman, M., & De Clercq, D. (2022). Reducing the peak tibial acceleration of running by music-based biofeedback: A quasi-randomized controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 32(4), 698–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14123
  • Van der Ryn, S., & Cowan, S. (2013). Ecological design. Island Press.
  • Verdejo, R., & Mills, N. J. (2004). Heel–shoe interactions and the durability of EVA foam running-shoe midsoles. Journal of Biomechanics, 37(9), 1379–1386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.12.022
  • Warne, J. P., & Gruber, A. H. (2017). Transitioning to minimal footwear: A systematic review of methods and future clinical recommendations. Sports Medicine-Open, 3, 1–21.
  • Weir, G., Jewell, C., Wyatt, H., Trudeau, M. B., Rohr, E., Brüggemann, G.-P., & Hamill, J. (2019). The influence of prolonged running and footwear on lower extremity biomechanics. Footwear Science, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2018.1539127
  • Weir, G., Willwacher, S., Trudeau, M. B., Wyatt, H., & Hamill, J. (2020). The influence of prolonged running and footwear on lower extremity joint stiffness. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 52(12), 2608–2614. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002416
  • Willwacher, S. (2017). Running shoes: Injury protection and performance enhancement. Handbook of Human Motion, 432, 1613–1628.
  • Willwacher, S., Bruder, A., Robbin, J., Kruppa, J., & Mai, P. (2023). A multidimensional assessment of a novel adaptive versus traditional passive ankle sprain protection systems. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(3), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465221146294
  • Willwacher, S., Fischer, K. M., Rohr, E., Trudeau, M. B., Hamill, J., & Brüggemann, G.-P. (2022). Surface stiffness and footwear affect the loading stimulus for lower extremity muscles when running. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(1), 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003410
  • Willwacher, S., Sanno, M., & Brüggemann, G.-P. (2020). Fatigue matters: An intense 10 km run alters frontal and transverse plane joint kinematics in competitive and recreational adult runners. Gait & Posture, 76, 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.11.016
  • Winter, S., Gordon, S., & Watt, K. (2017). Effects of fatigue on kinematics and kinetics during overground running: A systematic review. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(6), 887–899. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06339-8
  • World Athletics. (2020). World Athletics modifies rules governing competition shoes for elite athletes. https://www.worldathletics.org/news/press-release/modified-rules-shoes.
  • Wu, G., Siegler, S., Allard, P., Kirtley, C., Leardini, A., Rosenbaum, D., Whittle, M., D'Lima, D. D., Cristofolini, L., Witte, H., Schmid, O., & Stokes, I. (2002). ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate system of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion—part I: Ankle, hip, and spine. Journal of Biomechanics, 35(4), 543–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00222-6
  • Wu, G., van der Helm, F. C. T., Veeger, H. E. J. D., Makhsous, M., Van Roy, P., Anglin, C., Nagels, J., Karduna, A. R., McQuade, K., Wang, X., Werner, F. W., & Buchholz, B. (2005). ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate systems of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion—Part II: Shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. Journal of Biomechanics, 38(5), 981–992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.042

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.