849
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

In Between Democracy and Secularism: The Case of Turkish Civil Society

&
Pages 129-147 | Published online: 07 May 2013

References

  • Abootalebi , A. 1998 . Civil Society, Democracy and the Middle East . Middle East Review of International Affairs , 2 ( 3 ) : 46 – 59 .
  • Akçalı , E. and Perinçek , M. 2009 . Kemalist Euroasianism: An Emerging Geopolitical Discourse in Turkey . Geopolitics , 14 ( 3 ) : 550 – 569 .
  • Akman, N. (2005) Emekli General Nejat Eslen: Deomkrasi, Türkiye'nin öncelikli meselesi değil [Retired General Nejat Eslen: Democracy is not a priority for Turkey], Zaman, July 18
  • Akyol, M. (2005) Ulusalcılarımızın Çıkarları [The Interests of Our Nationalists], Radikal, September 30
  • Altınay, H. & Nicolaidis, K. (2008) Why the European Union Strengthens Turkish Secularism, Open Democracy, August 3. Available at http://www.opendemocracy.net/article/the-european-union-and-turkey-strengthening-secularism, accessed January 5, 2009
  • Arman, A. (2007) Annem ve ben birbirimizin zıddı iki kadındık [We, mom and me, were opposite women], Hürriyet, May 6
  • Balci , A. and Jacoby , T. (eds) . 2012 . The Ergenekon Counter-Terrorism Investigation in Turkey: Representations and Implications . Middle East Critique , 21 ( 2 ) : 135 – 225 .
  • Berman , S. 2003 . Islamism, Revolution and Civil Society . Perspectives on Politics , 1 ( 2 ) : 257 – 272 .
  • Bozdogan , S. and Kasaba , R. , eds. 1997 . Rethinking Modernity and National Identity , Seattle : University of Washington Press .
  • Browers , M. L. 2006 . Democracy and Civil Society in Arab Political Thought: Transcultural Possibilities , Syracuse, NY : Syracuse University Press .
  • Cavatorta , F. 2006 . Civil Society, Islamism and Democratization: The Case of Morrocco . Journal of Modern African Studies , 44 : 203 – 222 .
  • Cavatorta , F. and Durac , V. 2011 . Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism , New York : Routledge .
  • Ceylan, O. Z. (2012) Tansel Çölaşan: Kılıçdaroğlu'nun Atatürkçülüğünden Emin Değilim [Tansel Çölaşan: I am not sure about how Kemalist Kılıçdaroğlu is], Son Kulis, April 18. Available at http://www.sonkulis. com/roportaj/add-baskani-tansel-colasan-sonkulise-konustu-kilicdaroglunun-ataturkculugunden-emin-degilim-h3096.html, accessed April 24, 2012
  • Cizre , Ü. and Çınar , M. 2003 . Turkey 2002: Kemalism, Islamism, and Politics in the Light of February 28 Process . The South Atlantic Quarterly , 102 ( 2/3 ) : 309 – 332 .
  • Çınar , A. 2005 . Modernity, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey: Bodies, Places, and Time , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
  • Diamond , L. 1994 . Rethinking Civil Society: Toward Democratic Consolidation . Journal of Democracy , 5 ( 3 ) : 4 – 17 .
  • Diamond , L. 1999 . Developing Democracy Towards Consolidation , Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press .
  • Di-Capua , Y. 2004 . “ Sports, Society, and Revolution: Egypt in the Early Nasserite Period ” . In Rethinking Nasserizm , Edited by: Podeh , E. and Winckler , O. 144 – 162 . Gainesville : University Press of Florida .
  • Doğudan . 2009 . The Analysis of the Self Sacrifice Society of Iran on the Failure of Velvet Revolution . 2 ( 13 ) : 34 – 47 .
  • Encarnación , O. G. 2006 . Civil Society Reconsidered . Comparative Politics , 38 ( 3 ) : 357 – 376 .
  • Erdoğan , N. 2000 . “ Kemalist Non-governmental Organizations: Troubled Elites in Defence of a Sacred Heritage ” . In Civil Society in the Grip of Nationalism , Edited by: Yerasimos , S. , Seufert , G. and Vorhoff , K. 251 – 282 . Istanbul : Orient-Institut .
  • Esposito , J. L. and Voll , J. O. 1996 . Islam and Democracy , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Fraser, S. (2007) Secular Turks Hold Demonstration, The Guardian, May 13, 2007
  • Gellner , E. 1981 . Muslim World , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Gellner , E. 1994 . Conditions of Liberty: Civil Society and Its Enemies , New York : Penguin .
  • Göle , N. 1996 . “ Authoritarian Secularism and Islamist Politics: The Case of Turkey ” . In Civil Society in the Middle East , Edited by: Norton , A. R. 17 – 43 . Leiden : E.J. Brill .
  • GöleN. (2007) Sokak ve Cumhuriyet: ‘Nümayişkar’ Feminen Darbe [Street and Republic: ‘Pretentious’ Feminine Coup], Radikal, May 1
  • Hawthorne , A. 2004 . Middle Eastern Democracy: Is Civil Society the Answer?, Carnegie Papers 44 , Washington D.C. : Carnegie Endowment for International Peace .
  • Heper , M. 1985 . The State Tradition in Turkey , Walkington : Eothen Press .
  • Howe , M. 1997 . Secularists Won First Round Without Bloodshed, But Islamists Expect Victory in 1998 Election . The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs , 16 ( 4 ) : 31 – 33 .
  • Hürriyet (2003) ‘Ordu Göreve’ DGMlik oluyor [‘Army, Do Your Duty’ brought to the National Security Court], November 4
  • Hürriyet (2007a) ‘Cumhurbaşkanı olma’ mitingi [‘Don't be the President’ Meeting], April 15
  • Hürriyet (2007b) Yüzbinler Çağlayan'a aktı [Hundreds of thousands of people streamed to Çağlayan], April 29
  • Ibrahim , F. and Wedel , H. 1997 . “ Introduction ” . In Ortadoğu'da Sivil Toplumun Sorunları , [Problems of Civil Society in the Middle East] Edited by: Ibrahim , F. and Wedel , H. 00 – 01 . Istanbul : Iletişim .
  • İnsel , A. 2003 . The AKP and the Normalizing of Democracy in Turkey . South Atlantic Quarterly , 102 ( 2/3 ) : 293 – 308 .
  • Jamal , A. A. 2007 . Barriers to Democracy: The Other Side of Social Capital in Palestine and the Arab World , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
  • Keddie , N. R. 1997 . Secularism and the State: Towards Clarity and Global Comparison . New Left Review , 226 : 21 – 40 . p. 28
  • Keyman , E. F. and Icduygu , A. , eds. 2005 . Citizenship in a Global World: European Questions and Turkish Experiences , New York : Routledge .
  • Kuru , A. 2009 . Secularism and State Policies Toward Religion: The United States, France and Turkey , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Lakoff , S. 2004 . The Reality of Muslim Exceptionalism . Journal of Democracy , 15 ( 4 ) : 133 – 139 .
  • Lewis , B. 1963 . The Emergence of Modern Turkey , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Linz , J. and Stepan , A. 1996 . Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, Post-Communist Europe , Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press .
  • Mardin , Ş. 1995 . “ Civil Society and Islam ” . In Civil Society: History, Theory, Comparison , Edited by: Hall , J. 278 – 300 . Cambridge : Polity Press .
  • Milliyet (2007a) Çağlayan'da bayrak denizi [The sea of flags in Çağlayan], April 29
  • Milliyet (2007b) TÜSİAD'dan Hükümete Laiklik Uyarısı [TUSIAD warns the Government on Secularism], September 21
  • Navaro-Yashin , Y. 1998 . Uses and Abuses of ‘State and Civil Society’ in Contemporary Turkey . New Perspectives on Turkey , 18 : 1 – 22 .
  • Nonneman , G. 2001 . Rentiers and Autocrats, Monarchs and Democrats, State and Society: the Middle East Between Globalisation, Human Agency, and Europe . International Affairs , 77 ( 1 ) : 141 – 162 .
  • Norton , A. R. 1993 . The Future of Civil Society in Middle East . Middle East Journal , 47 ( 2 ) : 205 – 216 .
  • Norton , A. R. , ed. 1995/1996 . Civil Society in the Middle East , Leiden : Brill Academic .
  • Öniş , Z. 2003 . Domestic Politics, International Norms and Challenges to the State: Turkey–EU Relations in the Post-Helsinki Era . Turkish Studies , 4 ( 1 ) : 9 – 34 .
  • Open Source Center Report (2010) Turkey—Guide to Ergenekon, March 19
  • Oran, B. (2009) Türkan Hoca'nın evi niye arandı? [Why was Professor Türkan's house investigated?], Radikal 2, May 3
  • Özel , S. , Yılmaz , Ş. and Akyüz , A. 2009 . Rebuilding a Partnership: Turkish–American Relations for a New Era—A Turkish Perspective , Istanbul : TÜSİAD .
  • Özyürek , E. 2006 . Nostalgia for the Modern: State Secularism and Everyday Politics in Turkey , Durham : Duke University Press .
  • Putnam , R. 1993 . Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy , Princeton : Princeton University Press .
  • Ranisford, S. (2007) Battle begins for Turkish parliament, BBC News, May 15
  • Salt , J. 2008 . The Unmaking of the Middle East , Berkeley, CA : University of California Press .
  • Sariolghalam , M. 1997 . “ Prospects for Civil Society in the Middle East: An Analysis of Cultural Impediments ” . In Civil Society Democracy and the Muslim World , Edited by: Özdalga , E. and Persson , S. 00 – 01 . Istanbul : Swedish Research Institute .
  • Saymaz, İ. (2007) ‘Vatanseverlik’ yarışındaki örgütler emekli asker dolu [Organizations competing for Patriotism are Full of Retired Soldiers], Radikal, February 17
  • Shils , E. 1991 . The Virtue of Civil Society . Government and Opposition , 26 ( 1 ) : 3 – 20 .
  • Taraktaş , B. 2008 . A Comparative Approach to Euroscepticism in Turkey and Eastern European Countries . Journal of Contemporary European Studies , 16 ( 2 ) : 249 – 266 .
  • Taş, H. (2009) Will Turkey Benefit from Turkey, Le Monde Diplomatique, November 18, 2009. Available at http://mondediplo.com/blogs/will-turkey-benefit-from-ergenekon, accessed February 7, 2010
  • Tempest , C. 1997 . Myths from Eastern Europe and the Legend of the West . Democratization , 4 ( 1 ) : 132 – 144 .
  • Timur , T. 1968 . Türk Devrimi—Tarihi Anlamı ve Felsefi Temeli , [The Turkish Revolution—Its Historical Meaning and Philosophical Background] Ankara : Ankara Universitesi SBF .
  • Toprak , B. 1981 . Islam and Political Development , Leiden : E.J. Brill .
  • Toprak , B. 2005 . Islam and Democracy in Turkey . Turkish Studies , 6 ( 2 ) : 167 – 186 .
  • Turkish Daily News (2007) Excerpts of Turkish army statement, April 30
  • Valbjorn , M. and Bank , A. (eds) . 2010 . The Future of Middle Eastern Political Rule Through Lenses of the Past: Revisiting the (first) Era of Post-Democratization . Middle East Critique , 19 ( 3 ) : 181 – 319 .
  • Walzer , M. 1992 . “ The Civil Society Argument ” . In Dimensions of Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship and Community , Edited by: Mouffe , C. 89 – 108 . London : Verso .
  • Weiker , W. 1973 . Political Tutelage and Democracy in Turkey: The Free Party and its Aftermath , Leiden : E.J. Brill .
  • Wittfogel , K. 1957 . Oriental Despotism , New Haven : Yale University Press .
  • Yavuz , H. 2003 . Islamic Political Identity in Turkey , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Yom , S. L. 2005 . Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World . Middle East Review of International Affairs , 9 ( 4 ) : 14 – 33 .
  • Zakaria , F. 2001 . The Politics of Rage: Why Do They Hate Us? . Newsweek , : 22 – 40 . October 15
  • Zakaria , F. 2004 . Islam, Democracy and Constitutional Liberalism . Political Science Quarterly , 119 ( 1 ) : 1 – 20 .
  • Zaman (2008) ADD'nin Resmi Sponsoru Ahmet Necdet Sezer [ADD's Official Sponsor Ahmet Necdet Sezer], July 13
  • Zubaida , S. 2001 . “ Civil Society, Community, and Democracy in the Middle East ” . In Civil Society. History and Possibilities , Edited by: Kaviraj , S. and Khilnani , S. 232 – 249 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.