References
- Abdel-Latif, O. (2008) In the Shadows of the Brothers: The Women of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Available at https://carnegieendowment.org/files/women_egypt_muslim_brotherhood.pdf, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Al-Anani, K. (2009) The Young Brotherhood in Search of a New Path, Current Trends in Islamist Ideology, 9, pp. 96–109.
- Al-Anani, K. (2015) Upended Path: The Rise and Fall of Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood, The Middle East Journal, 69(4), pp. 527–543.
- Al-Anani, K. (2016) Inside the Muslim Brotherhood: Religion, Identity, Politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
- Al-Anani, K. (2019) Rethinking the Repression-Dissent Nexus: Assessing Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood’s Response to Repression since the Coup of 2013, Democratization, 26(8), pp. 1329–1341.
- Al-Awadi, H. (2014) The Muslim Brothers in Pursuit of Legitimacy. Power and Political Islam in Egypt under Mubarak, 2nd edn. (London and New York: IB Tauris).
- Ardovini, L. (2020) Stagnation Vs Adaptation: Tracking the Muslim Brotherhood’s Trajectories after the 2013 Coup, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, pp. 1–17. 78443.
- Ardovini, L. (2021) The Muslim Brotherhood in Turkey after the 2013 coup d’état: Organizational renewal in the diaspora, in: Abdelhadi, D. & Ramy, A. (eds) Routledge Handbook of Middle East Diasporas (Abingdon: Routledge).
- Ayyash, A. & Willi, V. J. (2016) The Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood in 2016: Scenarios and Recommendations, DGAP Kompakt. March 2. Available at https://dgap.org/system/files/article_pdfs/2016-09.pdf, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Biagini, B. (2020) Islamist Women’s Feminist Subjectivities in (R)Evolution: The Egyptian Muslim Sisterhood in the Aftermath of the Arab Uprisings, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 22(3), pp. 382–402.
- Biagini, E. (2017) The Egyptian Muslim Sisterhood between Violence, Activism and Leadership, Mediterranean Politics, 22(1), pp. 35–53.
- Biagini, E. (2021) What’s Love Got to Do with It? Women, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood and Organizational Identity, Partecipazione e Conflitto [Participation and Conflict], 14(2), 547–564.
- Brown, N. & Dunne, M. (2015) Unprecedented Pressures, Uncharted Course for Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 29. Available at https://carnegieendowment.org/2015/07/29/unprecedented-pressures-uncharted-course-for-egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-pub-60875, accessed September 7, 2021. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
- Dunne, M. & Hamzawy, A. (2019) Egypt’s Political Exiles: Going Anywhere but Home, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March 29. Available at https://carnegieendowment.org/2019/03/29/egypt-s-political-exiles-going-anywhere-but-home-pub-78728, accessed December 30, 2020. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
- El-Ghobashy, M. (2005) The Metamorphosis of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 37(3), pp. 373–395.
- El-Masry, S. & Ketchley, N. (2020) After the Massacre: Women’s Islamist Activism in Post-Coup Egypt, Middle East Law and Governance, 12(1), pp. 86–108.
- El-Muhtaseb, L. (2020) Preaching and Ruling: The Jordanian Muslim Brotherhood Post Arab Uprisings, Mediterranean Politics, pp. 1–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2020.1748471.
- Fradkin, H. (2013) Debate: Arab Democracy or Islamist Revolution? Journal of Democracy, 24(1), pp. 5–13.
- Hamdan, M. (2019) Every Sperm is Sacred: Palestinian Prisoners, Smuggled Semen, and Derrida’s Prophecy, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 51(4), pp. 525–545.
- Hamzawy, A. (2019) Can Egypt’s Democratic Hopes Be Revived?, Journal of Democracy, 30(4), pp. 158–169.
- Haqqani, H. (2013) Islamists and Democracy: Cautions from Pakistan, Journal of Democracy, 24(2), pp. 5–14.
- House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee (2015) Muslim Brotherhood Review: Main Findings, December 17. Available at https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/486948/53163_Muslim_Brotherhood_Review_-_PRINT.pdf, accessed December 30, 2020.
- House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee (2016) ‘Political Islam’ and the Muslim Brotherhood Review. Sixth Report of Session 2016–17. November 1. Available at https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201617/cmselect/cmfaff/118/118.pdf, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Kandil, H. (2015) Inside the Muslim Brotherhood (Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press).
- Kraetzschmar, H. & Rivetti, P. (eds) (2018) Islamists and the Politics of the Arab Uprisings: Governance, Pluralization and Contention (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press).
- Lynch, M. & Schwedler, J. (2020) Introduction to the Special Issue on Islamist Politics after the Arab Uprisings, Middle East Law and Governance, 12(1), pp. 3–13.
- Lynch, M. (2016) Is the Muslim Brotherhood a Terrorist Organization or a Firewall against Violent Extremism? in: Evolving Methodologies in the Study of Islamism (Project On Middle East Political Science, 17), pp. 6–9. Available at http://pomeps.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/POMEPS_Studies_17_Methods_Web.pdf, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Martini, J., Dassa Kaye, D. & York, E. (2012) The Muslim Brotherhood, its Youth, and Implications for U.S. Engagement (USA: National Defense Research Institute). Available at https://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1247.html, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Masr, M. (2019) Hoping for Release, Families of Imprisoned Muslim Brotherhood Youth Offers to Stay Out of Politics, Make Hefty Donations to State-Run Fund, August 27. Available at: https://madamasr.com/en/2019/08/27/feature/politics/hoping-for-release-families-of-imprisoned-muslim-brotherhood-youth-offer-to-stay-out-of-politics-make-hefty-donations-to-state-run-fund/, accessed December 30, 2020.
- Menshawy, M. (2020) Leaving the Muslim Brotherhood: Self, Society and the State (London: Palgrave MacMillan).
- Philbrick-Yadav, S. (2020) Fragmentation, Disintegration, and Resurgence: Assessing the Islamist Field in Yemen, Middle East Law and Governance, 12(1), pp. 14–34.
- Schwedler, J. (2013) Islamists in Power? Inclusion, Moderation, and the Arab Uprisings, Middle East Development Journal, 5(1), pp. 1350006.
- Schwedler, J. (2018) Conclusions: New Directions in the Study of Islamist Politics, in: Kraetzschmar, H. & Rivetti, P. (eds) Islamists and the Politics of the Arab Uprisings, pp. 359–374 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press).
- Tammam, H. (2011) The Salafization of the Muslim Brothers, Marased, 1, pp. 1–54.
- Vannetzel, M. (2017) The Party, the Gama’a and the Tanzim: The Organizational Dynamics of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood’s Post-2011 Failure, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 44(2), pp. 211–226.
- Wickham, K. R. (2013) The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
- Willi, V. J. (2021) The Fourth Ordeal: A History of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, 1968–2018 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
- Zollner, B. (2007) Prison Talk: The Muslim Brotherhood’s Internal Struggle during Gamal Abdel Nasser’s Persecution, 1954 to 1971, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 39(3), pp. 411–433.
- Zollner, B. (2019) Surviving Repression: How Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood has Carried On. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, March 11. Available at: https://carnegie-mec.org/2019/03/11/surviving-repression-how-egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-has-carried-on-pub-78552, accessed September 7, 2021.