586
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Single-laboratory validation of a saponification method for the determination of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils by HPLC-fluorescence detection

, &
Pages 215-224 | Received 03 Aug 2015, Accepted 29 Nov 2015, Published online: 05 Jan 2016

References

  • Barranco A, Alonso-Salces RM, Berrueta L, Gallo B, Vicente F, Sarobe M. 2003. Comparison of two sample clean-up methodologies for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils. J Sep Sci. 26:1554–1562.
  • Barranco A, Alonso-Salces RM, Corta E, Berrueta L, Gallo B, Vicente F, Sarobe M. 2004. Comparison of donor–acceptor and alumina columns for the clean-up of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from edible oils. Food Chem. 86:465–474.
  • Bogusz MJ, El Hajj SA, Ehaideb Z, Hassan H, Al-Tufail M. 2004. Rapid determination of benzo(a)pyrene in olive oil samples with solid-phase extraction and low-pressure, wide-bore gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and fast liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A. 1026:1–7.
  • Bratinova S, Zelinkova Z, Karasek L, Wenzl T 2013. Report on the 13th inter-laboratory comparison organised by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons – Four marker PAHs in spiked olive oil, EUR 26401 EN. http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC87021
  • Brum DM, Cassella RJ, Pereira Netto AD. 2008. Multivariate optimization of a liquid–liquid extraction of the EPA-PAHs from natural contaminated waters prior to determination by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Talanta. 74:1392–1399.
  • Currie LA. 1987. Chapter 1: Detection: Overview of Historical, Societal, and Technical Issues. In: Currie LA, editor. Detection in Analytical Chemistry. Washington (DC): American Chemical Society; p. 1–62.
  • Dost K, İdeli C. 2012. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils and barbecued food by HPLC/UV–Vis detection. Food Chem. 133:193–199.
  • EC 1881/2006. Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. OJEU. L364:5–24.
  • EC 835/2011. Commission Regulation (EU) No 835/2011 of 19 August 2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards maximum levels for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foodstuffs. OJEU. L215:4–8.
  • EC 836/2011. Commission Regulation (EU) No 836/2011 of 19 August 2011amending Regulation (EC) No 333/2007 laying down the methods of sampling and analysis for the official control of the levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, inorganic tin, 3-MCPD and benzo(a)pyrene in food. OJEU. L215. 9–16.
  • [EFSA] European Food Safety Authority. 2008. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Food Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain. EFSA J. 724:1–114.
  • Eurachem Guide. 2014. The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods A, Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, second edition. Available from: https://www.eurachem.org/images/stories/Guides/pdf/MV_guide_2nd_ed_EN.pdf.
  • Ferey L, Delaunay N, Rutledge DN, Cordella CBY, This H, Huertas A, Raoul Y, Gareil P. 2014. Optimizing separation conditions of 19 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by cyclodextrin-modified capillary electrophoresis and applications to edible oils. Talanta. 119:572–581.
  • Fromberg A, Højgård A, Duedahl-Olesen L. 2007. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vegetable oils combining gel permeation chromatography with solid-phase extraction clean-up. Food Addit Contam. 24:758–767.
  • Gong Z, Wilke B-M, Alef K, Li P, Zhou Q. 2006. Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from manufactured gas plant-contaminated soils using sunflower oil: laboratory column experiments. Chemosphere. 62:780–787.
  • Hollosi L, Wenzl T. 2011. Development and optimisation of a dopant assisted liquid chromatographic-atmospheric pressure photo ionisation-tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of 15+1 EU priority PAHs in edible oils. J Chromatogr A. 1218:23–31.
  • Hutzler C, Luch A, Filser JG. 2011. Analysis of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in complex environmental mixtures by LC-APPI-MS/MS. Anal Chim Acta. 702:218–224.
  • IARC Environmental Carcinogens selected methods of analysis. 1979. Volume 3. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
  • IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. 2010. Volume 92. Some non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some related exposures. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
  • IARC Monographs On The Evaluation Of The Carcinogenic Risk Of Chemicals To Humans. 1983. Volume 32. Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds, Part 1, Chemical, Environmental and Experimental Data. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
  • IARC Monographs On The Evaluation Of The Carcinogenic Risk Of Chemicals To Humans. 2012. Volume 100F. Chemical agents and related occupations. A review of human carcinogens. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
  • Jiang D, Xin C, Li W, Chen J, Li F, Chu Z, Xiao P, Shao L. 2015. Quantitative analysis and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible vegetable oils marketed in Shandong of China. Food Chem. Toxicol. 83:61–67.
  • Kayali-Sayadi MN, Rubio-Barroso S, Cuesta-Jimenez MP, Polo-Díez LM. 1998. Rapid determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tea infusion samples by high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorimetric detection based on solid-phase extraction. Analyst. 123:2145–2148.
  • Larsson BK, Eriksson AT, Cervenka M. 1987. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude and Deodorized Vegetable Oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 64:365–370.
  • Lerda D, Verlinde P, Wenzl T. 2012. Report on the 9th inter-laboratory comparison organised by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.EUR 25300 EN. http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC70138
  • Lin G, Weigel S, Tang B, Schulz C, Shen J. 2011. The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Peking duck: Relevance to food safety assessment. Food Chem. 129:524–527.
  • Moreda W, Pérez-Camino M, Cert A. 2001. Gas and liquid chromatography of hydrocarbons in edible vegetable oils. J Chromatogr A. 936:159–171.
  • Naccari C, Cristani M, Giofrè F, Ferrante M, Siracusa L, Trombetta D. 2011. PAHs concentration in heat-treated milk samples. Food Res Int. 44:716–724.
  • Olsson P, Sadiktsis I, Holmbäck J, Westerholm R. 2014. Class separation of lipids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons innormal phase high performance liquid chromatography – A prospectfor analysis of aromatics in edible vegetable oils and biodieselexhaust particulates. J Chromatogr A. 1360:39–46.
  • Pissinatti R, Nunes CM, De Souza AG, Junqueira RG, De Souza SVC. 2015. Simultaneous analysis of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in roasted coffee by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Optimization, in-house method validation and application to an exploratory study. Food Cont. 51:140–148.
  • Purcaro G, Moret S, Conte LS. 2007. Rapid validated method for the analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in vegetable oils by using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 1176:231–235.
  • Purcaro G, Moret S, Conte LS. 2013. Overview on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: occurrence, legislation and innovative determination in foods. Talanta. 105:292–305.
  • Tfouni SAV, Padovani GR, Reis RM, Furlani RPZ, Monica CR, Camargo MCR. 2014. Incidence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vegetable oil blends. Food Cont. 46:539–543.
  • Veyrand B, Brosseaud A, Sarcher L, Varlet V, Monteau F, Marchand P, Andre F, Le Bizec B. 2007. Innovative method for determination of 19 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-in food and oil samples using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry based on an isotope dilution approach. J Chromatogr A. 1149:333–344.
  • Wang H-B, Zhang Y-J, Xiao X, Yu S-H, Liu W-Q. 2011. Application of excitation–emission matrix fluorescence combined with second-order calibration algorithm for the determination of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons simultaneously in drinking water. Anal Methods. 3:688.
  • Welling P, Kaandorp B. 1986. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in edible vegetable oils by liquid chromatography and programmed fluorescence detection Comparison of caffeine complexation and XAD-2 chromatography sample clean-up. Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 183:111–115.
  • Wenzl T, Simon R, Anklam E, Kleiner J. 2006. Analytical methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food and the environment needed for new food legislation in the European Union. TrAC Trends Anal Chem. 25:716–725.
  • Wu S, Yu W. 2012. Liquid–liquid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in four different edible oils from China. Food Chem. 134:597–601.
  • Zougagh M, Redigolo H, Ríos A, Valcárcel M. 2004. Screening and confirmation of PAHs in vegetable oil samples by use of supercritical fluid extraction in conjunction with liquid chromatography and fluorimetric detection. Anal Chim Acta. 525:265–271.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.