Geomorphic mapping and analysis of neotectonic structures in the piedmont alluvial zone of Haryana state, NW-India: a remote-sensing and GPR based approach

References

• Anderson RS, Burbank DW. 2011. Tectonic geomorphology. John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Basson U. 2000. Imaging of active fault zone in the Dead Sea Rift: The Evrona Fault Zone as a case study. University of Tel-Aviv 196.
   Google Scholar
• Bhosle B, Parkash B, Awasthi AK, Pati P. 2009. Use of digital elevation models and drainage patterns for locating active faults in the Upper Gangetic Plain, India. Int J Remote Sens. 30(3):673–691.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhosle B, Parkash B, Awasthi AK, Singh VN, Singh S. 2007. Remote sensing-GIS and GPR studies of two active faults, Western Gangetic Plains, India. J Appl Geophys. 61(2):155–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilham R, Blume F, Bendick R, Gaur V. K. 1998. Geodetic constraints on the translation and deformation of India: implications for future great Himalayan earthquakes. Curr Sci. :213–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandes C, Polom U, Winsemann J. 2011. Reactivation of basement faults: interplay of ice‐sheet advance, glacial lake formation and sediment loading. Basin Res. 23(1):53–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bull WB, McFadden LD. (1977). Tectonic geomorphology north and south of the Garlock Fault, California. In: Doehring DO, editor. Geomorphology in arid regions: a proceedings volume of the 8th Annual Geomorphology Symposium; . Binghamton: State University of New York p. 115–138.
   Google Scholar
• Burbank DW, Anderson RS. 2001. Geomorphic markers. In: Tectonic geomorphology. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. p. 13–32.
   Google Scholar
• Champel B, van der Beek P, Mugnier JL, Leturmy P. 2002. Growth and lateral propagation of fault‐related folds in the Siwaliks of western Nepal: rates, mechanisms, and geomorphic signature. J Geophys Res. 107(B6): ETG-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee RS, Nath S, Kumar SG. 2019. Morphotectonic analysis of the Himalayan Frontal region of Northwest Himalaya in the light of geomorphic signatures of active tectonics. Remote Sens Northwest Himalayan Ecosyst. 17–35.
   Google Scholar
• Das S, Gupta K. 2019. Morphotectonic analysis of the Sali river basin, bankura district, West Bengal. Arab J Geosci 12(7).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delcaillau B, Carozza JM, Laville E. 2006. Recent fold growth and drainage development: the Janauri and Chandigarh anticlines in the Siwalik foothills, northwest India. Geomorphology. 76(3-4):241–256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey S, Thiede RC, Schildgen TF, Wittmann H, Bookhagen B, Scherler D, Strecker MR. 2016. Holocene internal shortening within the northwest Sub‐Himalaya: out‐of‐sequence faulting of the Jwalamukhi Thrust, India. Tectonics. 35(11):2677–2697.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gawthorpe RL, Leeder MR. 2008. Tectono‐sedimentary evolution of active extensional basins. Basin Res. 12(3-4):195–218.
   Google Scholar
• Giano SI, Schiattarella M. 2014. Age constraints and denudation rate of a multistage fault line scarp: an example from Southern Italy. Geochronometria. 41(3):245–255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami PK. 2012. Geomorphic evidences of active faulting in the northwestern Ganga Plain, India: implications for the impact of basement structures. Geosci J. 16(3):289–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami PK, Deopa T. 2013. Quaternary block-tilting in southern Himalayan ranges of eastern Uttarakhand, India. zfg. 57(1):45–60.
   Google Scholar
• Goswami PK, Pant CC, Pandey S. 2009. Tectonic controls on the geomorphic evolution of alluvial fans in the Piedmont Zone of Ganga Plain, Uttarakhand, India. J Earth Syst Sci. 118(3):245–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hack JT. 1973. Stream-profile analysis and stream-gradient index. J Res US Geol Survey. 1(4):421–429.
   Google Scholar
• Hare PW, Gardner TW. 1985. Geomorphic indicators of vertical neotectonism along converging plate margins, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Tectonic Geomorphol. 4:75–104.
   Google Scholar
• Joshi LM, Kotlia BS. 2018. Tectonic footprints and landscape evaluation along Kulur river valley, Kumaun lesser Himalaya, India. J Asian Earth Sci. 162:121–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi A, Patel RC. 1997. Modelling of active lineaments for predicting a possible earthquake scenario around Dehradun, Garhwal Himalaya, India. Tectonophysics. 283(1-4):289–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller EA. 1986. Investigation of active tectonics: use of surficial earth processes. Active Tectonics. 1:136–147.
   Google Scholar
• Keller EA, Pinter N. 1996. Active tectonics (Vol. 338). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Keller EA, Pinter N. 2002. Active tectonics: earthquakes, uplift, and landscape. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Khattri KM, Tyagi AK. 1983. Seismicity patterns in the Himalayan plate boundary and identification of the areas of high seismic potential. Tectonophysics. 96(3-4):281–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby E, Whipple KX. 2012. Expression of active tectonics in erosional landscapes. J Struct Geol. 44:54–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight J. 2001. A geocultural classification of landscapes in Northern Ireland: implications for landscape management and conservation. Faculty of Agriculture at University College Dublin.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Wesnousky SG, Rockwell TK, Ragona D, Thakur VC, Seitz GG. 2001. Earthquake recurrence and rupture dynamics of Himalayan Frontal Thrust, India. Science. 294(5550):2328–2331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik JN, Sahoo AK, Shah AA, Shinde DP, Juyal N, Singhvi AK. 2010. Paleoseismic evidence from trench investigation along Hajipur fault, Himalayan Frontal Thrust, NW Himalaya: implications of the faulting pattern on landscape evolution and seismic hazard. J Struct Geol. 32(3):350–361.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maurya DM, Patidar AK, Mulchandani N, Goyal B, Thakkar MG, Bhandari S, … Chamyal LS. 2005. Need for initiating ground penetrating radar studies along active faults in India: an example from Kachchh. Curr Sci. 88(2):231–240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakata T. 1972. Geomorphic history and crustal movements of the foothills of the Himalayas. Sci Rep Tohoku Univ 7th Ser (Geogr). 22:39–177.
   Google Scholar
• Nakata T. 1989. Active faults of the Himalaya of India and Nepal. Geol Soc Am Spec Paper. 232(1):243–264.
   Google Scholar
• Özkaymak Ç, Sözbilir H. 2012. Tectonic geomorphology of the Spildağı high ranges, western Anatolia. Geomorphology. 173-174:128–140.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pant CC, Paul A. 2007. Recent trends in seismicity of Uttaranchal. J Geol Soc India. 70(4):619.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkash B, Kumar S, Rao MS, Giri SC, Kumar CS, Gupta S, Srivastava P. 2000. Holocene tectonic movements and stress field in the western Gangetic plains. Curr Sci. 438–449.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel RC, Kumar Y. 2003. Geomorphological study of Quaternary tectonics of the Doon Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttranchal, India. J Nepal Geol Soc. 28:121–132.
   Google Scholar
• Patel RC, Thakur SK. 2000. Hydro-geomorphological studies of the Markanda basin, Haryana, India. J Appl Hydrol. 13:20–29.
   Google Scholar
• Pati P, Parkash B, Awasthi AK, Acharya V. 2011. Holocene tectono-geomorphic evolution of parts of the Upper and Middle Gangetic plains, India. Geomorphology. 128(3-4):148–170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pike RJ, Wilson SE. 1971. Elevation-relief ratio, hypsometric integral, and geomorphic area-altitude analysis. Geol Soc Am Bull. 82(4):1079–1084.2.0.CO;2]
   Google Scholar
• Ramkumar M, Menier D, Mathew M, Santosh M, Siddiqui NA. 2017. Early Cenozoic rapid flight enigma of the Indian subcontinent resolved: roles of topographic top loading and subcrustal erosion. Geosci Front. 8(1):15–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawat A, Kumar D, Chatterjee RS, Kumar H. 2022. A GIS-based liquefaction susceptibility mapping utilising the morphotectonic analysis to highlight potential hazard zones in the East Ganga plain. Envir Earth Sci. 81(13):358.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawat A, Kumar D, Chatterjee RS, Kumar H. 2022. Reconstruction of liquefaction damage scenario in Northern Bihar during 1934 and 1988 earthquake using geospatial methods. Geom Nat Hazards Risk. 13(1):2560–2578.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rockwell TK, Keller EA, Clark MN, Johnson DL. 1984. Chronology and rates of faulting of Ventura River terraces, California. Geol Soc Am Bull. 95(12):1466–1474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy PNS, Mondal SK. 2012. Identification of active seismicity by fractal analysis for understanding the recent geodynamics of central Himalaya. J Geol Soc India. 79(4):353–360.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Różycka M, Jancewicz K, Migoń P, Szymanowski M. 2021. Tectonic versus rock-controlled mountain fronts–geomorphometric and geostatistical approach (Sowie Mts., Central Europe). Geomorphology. 373:107485.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahoo PK, Kumar S, Singh RP. 2000. Neotectonic study of Ganga and Yamuna tear faults, NW Himalaya, using remote sensing and GIS. Int J Remote Sens. 21(3):499–518.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla UK, Bora DS. 2003. Geomorphology and sedimentology of Piedmont zone, Ganga plain, India. Curr Sci. 1034–1040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh V, Tandon SK. 2008. The Pinjaur dun (intermontane longitudinal valley) and associated active mountain fronts, NW Himalaya: tectonic geomorphology and morphotectonic evolution. Geomorphology. 102(3-4):376–394.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirocko F, Szeder T, Seelos C, Lehné R, Rein B, Schneider WM, Dimke M. 2002. Young tectonic and halokinetic movements in the North-German-Basin: its effect on formation of modern rivers and surface morphology. Netherlands J Geosci. 81(3-4):431–441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strahler AN. 1952. Dynamic basis of geomorphology. Geol Soc Am Bull. 63(9):923–938.2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur VC. 2004. Active tectonics of Himalayan frontal thrust and seismic hazard to Ganga Plain. Curr Sci. 1554–1560.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur VC, Jayangondaperumal R, Malik MA. 2010. Redefining Medlicott–Wadia’s main boundary fault from Jhelum to Yamuna: an active fault strand of the main boundary thrust in northwest Himalaya. Tectonophysics 489(1–4):29–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur VC, Pandey AK. 2004a. Active deformation of Himalayan Frontal Thrust and piedmont zone south of Dehradun in respect of seismotectonics of Garhwal Himalaya. Himalayan Geol. 25(1):23–31.
   Google Scholar
• Thakur VC, Pandey AK. 2004b. Late Quaternary tectonic evolution of Dun in fault bend/propagated fold system, Garhwal Sub-Himalaya. Curr Sci. 1567–1576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsodoulos IM, Koukouvelas IK, Pavlides S. 2008. Tectonic geomorphology of the easternmost extension of the Gulf of Corinth (Beotia, Central Greece). Tectonophysics. 453(1-4):211–232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valdiya KS. 1976. Himalayan transverse faults and folds and their parallelism with subsurface structures of north Indian plains. Tectonophysics. 32(3-4):353–386.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valdiya KS. 2001. Reactivation of terrane-defining boundary thrusts in central sector of the Himalaya: implications. Curr Sci. 81(11):1418–1431.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells SG, Bullard TF, Menges CM, Drake PG, Karas PA, Kelson KI, Ritter JB, Wesling JR. 1988. Regional variations in tectonic geomorphology along a segmented convergent plate boundary pacific coast of Costa Rica. Geomorphology. 1(3):239–265.
   Google Scholar
• Yeats RS, Thakur VC. 2008. Active faulting south of the Himalayan Front: establishing a new plate boundary. Tectonophysics. 453(1-4):63–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zygouri V, Koukouvelas IK, Kokkalas S, Xypolias P, Papadopoulos GA. 2015. The Nisi Fault as a key structure for understanding the active deformation of the NW Peloponnese, Greece. Geomorphology. 237:142–156.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar