References

• Asilbekova , D. T. 2003 . Lipids from Capsicum annuum seeds . Chemistry of Natural Compounds , 39 ( 6 ) : 528 – 530 .
   Google Scholar
• Biacs , P. A. , Daood , H. G. , Pavisa , A. and Hajdu , F. 1989 . Studies on the carotenoid pigments of paprika (Capsicum annuum L. var Sz-20) . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 37 : 350 – 353 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breithaupt , D. E. and Schwack , W. 2000 . Determination of free and bound carotenoids in paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) by LC/MS . European Food Research and Technology , 211 : 52 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britton , G. , Liaaen-Jensen , S. and Pfander , H. 2004 . “ Section I: Introduction and guidelines on the use of the handbook ” . In Carotenoids handbook , 5 – 33 . Basel, , Switzerland : Birkhäuser Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Cserháti , T. , Forgács , E. , Darwish , Y. , Morais , H. , Mota , T. and Ramos , A. C. 2002 . Effect of reduced glutatione on the stability of pigments in paprika powders studied by multi-wavelength spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography . Journal of Chromatography A , 949 : 269 – 273 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cserháti , T. , Forgács , E. , Morais , M. H. , Mota , T. and Ramos , A. 2000 . Separation and quantification of pigments of chilli powder (Capsicum frutescens) by high-performance liquid chromatography – diode array detection . Journal of Chromatography A , 896 : 69 – 73 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Daood , H. G. , Illés , V. , Gnayfeed , M. H. , Mészáros , B. , Horváth , G. and Biach , P. A. 2002 . Extraction of pungent spice paprika by supercritical carbon dioxide and subcritical propane . Journal of Supercritical Fluids , 23 : 143 – 152 .
   Google Scholar
• Deli , J. , Matus , Z. and Tóth G.y . 1996 . Carotenoid composition in the fruits of Capsicum annuum Cv. Szentesi Kosszarvú during ripening . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 44 ( 3 ) : 711 – 716 .
   Google Scholar
• Deli , J. , Matus , Z. , Molnár , P. and Tóth Gy . 2001a . Separation and identification of carotenoids from different coloured paprika (Capsicum annuum) by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography . European Food Research and Technology , 213 : 301 – 305 .
   Google Scholar
• Deli , J. , Molnár , P. , Matus , Z. and Tóth Gy . 2001b . Carotenoid composition in the fruits of red paprika (Capsicum annuum var. lycopersicoforme rubrum) during ripening; Biosynthesis of carotenoids in red paprika . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 ( 3 ) : 1517 – 1523 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deli , J. and Tóth Gy . 1997 . Carotenoid composition of the fruits of Capsicum annuum Cv Bovet 4 during ripening . Zeitschrift fur Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung A , 205 : 388 – 391 .
   Google Scholar
• Di Mascio , P. , Murphy , M. E. and Sies , H. 1991 . Antioxidant defense systems: The role of carotenoids, tocopherols, and thiols . American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 53 : 194S – 200S .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Adawy , T. A. and Taha , K. M. 2001 . Characteristics and composition of watermelon, pumpkin, and paprika seed oils and flours . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 : 1253 – 1259 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Agamey , A. , Lowe , G. M. , McGarvey , D. J. , Mortensen , A. , Phillip , D. M. Truscott , T. G. 2004 . Carotenoid radical chemistry and antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , 430 : 37 – 48 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gnayfeed , M. H. , Daood , H. G. , Illés , V. and Biacs , P. A. 2001 . Supercritical CO2 and subcritical propane extraction of pungent paprika and quantification of carotenoids, tocopherols, and capsaicinoids . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 : 2761 – 2766 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goda , Y. , Nakanishi , T. , Sakamoto , S. , Sato , K. , Maitani , T. and Yamada , T. 1996 . Analyses of coloring constituents in commercial paprika color by HPLC . Journal of the Food Hygienics Society of Japan , 37 : 20 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Guil-Guerrero , J. L. , Martínez-Guirado , C. , del Mar Robelloso-Fuentes , M. and Carrique-Pérez , A. 2006 . Nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of 10 pepper (Capsicum annuum) varieties . European Food Research and Technology , 224 : 1 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hornero-Méndez , D. , de Guevara , R. G.L. and Mínguez-Mosquera , M. I. 2000 . Carotenoid biosynthesis changes in five red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars during ripening. Cultivar selection for breeding . Journal of Food and Agricultural Chemistry , 48 ( 9 ) : 3857 – 3864 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illés , V. , Daood , H. G. , Biacs , P. A. , Gnayfeed , M. H. and Mészáros , B. 1999 . Supercritical CO2 and subcritical propane extraction of spice red pepper oil with special regard to carotenoid and tocopherol content . Journal of Chromatographic Science , 37 : 345 – 352 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarén-Galán , M. and Mínguez-Mosquera , M. I. 1999 . Quantitative and qualitative changes associated with heat treatments in the carotenoid content of paprika oleoresins . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 47 ( 10 ) : 4379 – 4383 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jarén-Galán , M. , Nienaber , U. and Schwartz , S. J. 1999 . Paprika (Capsicum annuum) oleoresin extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 47 : 3558 – 3564 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lang , Q. and Wai , C. M. 2001 . Supercritical fluid extraction in herbal and natural product studies – a practical review . Talanta , 53 : 771 – 782 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy , A. , Harel , S. , Palevitch , D. , Akiri , B. , Menagem , E. and Kanner , J. 1995 . Carotenoid pigments and β-carotene in paprika fruits (Capsicum Spp.) with different genotypes . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 43 ( 2 ) : 362 – 366 .
   Google Scholar
• Lock , E. and Simándi , B. 2001 . “ Supercritical fluid extraction and fractination from solid materials ” . In Industrial Chemistry Library, Vol. 9 – High pressure process technology: Fundamentals and applications , 537 – 562 . Amsterdam, New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Maoka , T. , Fujiwara , Y. , Hashimoto , K. and Akimoto , N. 2001a . Isolation of a series of apocarotenoids from the fruits of the red paprika Capsicum annuum L . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 ( 3 ) : 1601 – 1606 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maoka , T. , Mochida , K. , Kozuka , M. , Ito , Y. , Fujiwara , Y. Hashimoto , K. 2001b . Cancer chemopreventive activity of carotenoids in the fruits of red paprika Capsicum annuum L . Cancer Letters , 172 : 103 – 109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsufuji , H. , Nakamura , H. , Chino , M. and Takeda , M. 1998 . Antioxidant activity of capsanthin and the fatty acid esters in paprika (Capsicum annuum) . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 46 ( 9 ) : 3468 – 3472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mínguez-Mosquera , I. M. and Hornero-Méndez , D. 1993 . Separation and quantification of the carotenoid pigments in red peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), paprika, and oleoresin by reversed-phase HPLC . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 41 ( 10 ) : 1616 – 1620 .
   Google Scholar
• Mínguez-Mosquera , M. I. and Hornero-Méndez , D. 1994 . Changes in carotenoid esterification during the fruit ripening of Capsicum annuum Cv. Bola . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 42 ( 3 ) : 640 – 644 .
   Google Scholar
• Mínguez-Mosquera , M. I. and Pérez-Gálvez , A. 1998 . Color quality in paprika oleoresins . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 46 ( 12 ) : 5124 – 5127 .
   Google Scholar
• Morais , H. , Ramos , A. C. , Cserháti , T. and Forgács , E. 2001 . Effects of fluorescent light and vacuum packaging on the rate of decomposition of pigments in paprika (Capsicum annuum) powder determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography . Journal of Chromatography A , 936 : 139 – 144 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orhan , I. , Eryilmaz , B. and Bingöl , F. 2002 . A comparative study on the fatty acid contents of Capsicum annuum varieties . Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , 30 : 901 – 904 .
   Google Scholar
• Pérez-Gálvez , A. , Garrido-Fernández , J. and Mínguez- Mosquera , M. I. 1999a . Participation of pepper seed in the stability of paprika carotenoids . Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society , 76 ( 12 ) : 1449 – 1454 .
   Google Scholar
• Pérez-Gálvez , A. , Garrido-Fernández , J. , Mínguez- Mosquera , M. I. , Lozano-Ruiz , M. and Montero-de-Espinosa , V. 1999b . Fatty acid composition of two new pepper varieties (Capsicum annuum L/cv. Jaranda and Jariza). Effect of drying process and nutritional aspects . Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society , 76 ( 2 ) : 205 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philip , T. and Chen , T. S. 1988 . Separation and quantitative analysis of some carotenoid fatty acid esters of fruits by liquid chromatography . Journal of Chromatography , 435 : 113 – 126 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriguez , P. , Morais , H. , Mota , T. , Olivera , S. , Forgács , E. and Cserháti , T. 1998 . Use of HPLC and multivariate methods for the evaluation of the stability of colour pigments of paprika (Capsicum annuum) powder . Analytica Chimica Acta , 372 : 411 – 416 .
   Google Scholar
• Tepić , A. and Vujičić , B. 2004 . Colour change in pepper (Capsicum annuum) during storage . Acta Periodica Technologica , 35 : 59 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Uquiche , E. , del Valle , J. M. and Irtiz , J. 2004 . Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) oleoresin . Journal of Food Engineering , 65 : 55 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vesper , H. and Nitz , S. 1997 . Isolation and characterization of carotenoids in paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) . Advances in Food Sciences (CMTL) , 19 ( 3/4 ) : 124 – 130 .
   Google Scholar
• Vračar , O. Lj , Tepić , N. A. , Vujičić , L. B. and Šolaja , S. 2007 . Influence of the heat treatment on the colour of ground pepper (Capsicum annuum) . Acta Periodica Technologica , 38 : 53 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , L. and Weller , C. L. 2006 . Recent advances in extraction of nutraceuticals from plants . Trends in Food Science and Technology , 17 : 300 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weissenberg , M. , Schaeffler , I. , Menagem , E. , Barzilai , M. and Levy , A. 1997 . Isocratic non-aqueous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of capsanthin and capsorubin in red pappers (Capsicum annuum L.), paprika and oleoresin . Journal of Chromatography A , 757 : 89 – 95 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar