How Business Interest Groups Matter: Rare Event Modeling of Green Building Policy in Cities

References

• American High-Performance Buildings Coalition. (2018a). Coalition members. Retrieved October 18, 2018, from https://www.betterbuildingstandards.com/coalition-members/.
   Google Scholar
• American High-Performance Buildings Coalition. (2018b). About AHPBC. Retrieved October 18, 2018, from https://www.betterbuildingstandards.com/about/.
   Google Scholar
• Badger, E. (2013). Why are some states trying to ban LEED green building standards. Atlantic Cities, 28. Retrieved October 18, 2018 from https://www.citylab.com/design/2013/08/why-are-some-states-trying-ban-leed-green-building-standards/6691/.
   Google Scholar
• Bae, H. (2014). Voluntary disclosure of environmental performance: Do publicly and privately owned organizations face different incentives/disincentives? American Review of Public Administration, 44(4), 459–476.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae, J., & Feiock, R. (2013). Forms of government and climate change policies in US cities. Urban Studies, 50(4), 776–788.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal, P., & Roth, K. (2000). Why companies go green: A model of ecological responsiveness. Academy of management journal, 43(4), 717–736.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry, J. M. (2010). Urban interest groups. In Maisel, L. S., & Berry, J. M. (Eds.) The Oxford handbook of American political parties and interest groups (pp. 502–518). Oxford University Press: Oxford, England.
   Google Scholar
• Berry, J. M., & Portney, K. E. (2013). Sustainability and interest group participation in city politics. Sustainability, 5(5), 2077–2097.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry, J. M., & Wilcox, C. (2015). The interest group society. Routledge: London, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Building Owners and Managers Association. (2018a). Energy efficiency and green building codes: Policy positions. Retrieved February 17, 2018 from http://www.boma.org/Codes/Pages/Energy-Efficiency-and-Green-Building-Codes.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Building Owners and Managers Association. (2018b). BOMA International Member Directory 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018 from http://www.naylornetwork.com/bom-nxt/
   Google Scholar
• CBRE. (2017). 2017 National green building adoption index. Retrieved March 13, 2018 from https://www.cbre.com/about/corporate-responsibility/environmental-sustainability/real-green-research-challenge.
   Google Scholar
• Cidell, J. (2015). Performing leadership: Municipal green building policies and the city as role model. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 33(3), 566–579.
   Google Scholar
• Cidell, J., & Cope, M. A. (2014). Factors explaining the adoption and impact of LEED-based green building policies at the municipal level. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 57(12), 1763–1781.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Circo, C. J. (2007). Using mandates and incentives to promote sustainable construction and green building projects in the private sector: A call for more state land use policy initiatives. Penn State Law Review, 112(3), 731–782.
   Google Scholar
• Coase, R. H. (1937). The nature of the firm. Economica, 4(16), 386–405.
   Google Scholar
• ColoradoBiz. (2020, January 23). Colorado ranks first in the US for LEED Green Building. Retrieved November 11, 2020, from https://www.cobizmag.com/colorado-ranks-first-in-the-us-for-leed-green-building/
   Google Scholar
• Cotten, M. N. (2012). The wisdom of LEED’s role in green building mandates. Cornell Real Estate Review, 10(1), 22–37.
   Google Scholar
• Cotton, C. (2012). Pay-to-play politics: Informational lobbying and contribution limits when money buys access. Journal of Public Economics, 96(3-4), 369–386.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daley, D. M., Sharp, E. B., & Bae, J. (2013). Understanding city engagement in community-focused sustainability initiatives. Cityscape, 15(1), 143–161.
   Google Scholar
• Darnall, N., Henriques, I., & Sadorsky, P. (2010). Adopting proactive environmental strategy: The influence of stakeholders and firm size. Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1072–1094.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darnall, N., Potoski, M., & Prakash, A. (2009). Sponsorship matters: Assessing business participation in government-and industry-sponsored voluntary environmental programs. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 20(2), 283–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feiock, R. C., Tavares, A., & Lubell, M. (2008). Policy instrument choices for growth management and land use regulation. Policy Studies Journal, 36(3), 461–480.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuerst, F., Kontokosta, C., & McAllister, P. (2014). Determinants of green building adoption. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 41(3), 551–570.
   Google Scholar
• Gripne, S., Martel, J. C., & Lewandowski, B. (2012). A market evaluation of Colorado's high-performance commercial buildings. Journal of Sustainable Real Estate, 4(1), 123–148.
   Google Scholar
• Hawkins, C. V., Krause, R. M., Feiock, R. C., & Curley, C. (2016). Making meaningful commitments: Accounting for variation in cities’ investments of staff and fiscal resources to sustainability. Urban Studies, 53(9), 1902–1924.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, C. V., & Wang, X. (2013). Policy integration for sustainable development and the benefits of local adoption. Cityscape, 15(1), 63–82.
   Google Scholar
• Hipp, D. R., Kennedy, D., Mistachkin, J. (2015). SQLite. [Computer software]. SQLite Development Team. Retrieved May 25, 2018 from www.sqlite.org.
   Google Scholar
• Kamieniecki, S. (2006). Corporate America and environmental policy: How often does business get its way? Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• King, G., & Zeng, L. (2001). Logistic regression in rare events data. Political Analysis, 9(2): 137–163.
   Google Scholar
• Kontokosta, C. (2011). Greening the regulatory landscape: The spatial and temporal diffusion of green building policies in US cities. Journal of Sustainable Real Estate, 3(1), 68–90.
   Google Scholar
• Koski, C. (2010). Greening America’s skylines: The diffusion of low-salience policies. Policy Studies Journal, 38(1), 93–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koski, C., & Lee, T. (2014). Policy by doing: Formulation and adoption of policy through government leadership. Policy Studies Journal, 42(1), 30–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krause, G. A., & Douglas, J. W. (2005). Institutional design versus reputational effects on bureaucratic performance: Evidence from US government macroeconomic and fiscal projections. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 15(2), 281–306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krause, R. M., & Martel, J. C. (2018). Greenhouse gas management: A case study of a typical American city. In Brinkmann, R., & Garren, S. J. (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Sustainability: Case Studies and Practical Solutions (pp. 119–138). Palgrave Macmillan: London, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, T., & Koski, C. (2012). Building green: Local political leadership addressing climate change. Review of Policy Research, 29(5), 605–624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levmore, S. (2010). Interest groups and the problem with incrementalism. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 815–858.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• March, J. G. (1962). The business firm as a political coalition. Journal of Politics, 24(4), 662–678.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martel, J. C., & Krause, R. K. (2015). The diffusion of climate protection approaches across U.S. cities with distinct greenhouse gas emissions profile types [Presentation]. Association of Public Policy and Management 37th Annual Fall Research Conferences, Miami, FL. Retrieved on March 18, 2018 from https://appam.confex.com/appam/2015/webprogram/Paper12652.html.
   Google Scholar
• May, P. J., & Koski, C. (2007). State environmental policies: Analyzing green building mandates. Review of Policy Research, 24(1), 49–65.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, H. T. (2012). Government performance and US residential building energy codes. The performance of nations. Plymouth, UK: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Portney, K. E. (2013). Local sustainability policies and programs as economic development: Is the new economic development sustainable development? Cityscape, 15(1), 45–62.
   Google Scholar
• R Development Core Team. (2019). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved May 25, 2018 from www.R-program.org.
   Google Scholar
• Ross, B., López-Alcalá M., & Small III, A. A. (2007). Modeling the private financial returns from green building investments. Journal of Green Building, 2(1), 97–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha, D. (2009). Factors influencing local government sustainability efforts. State and Local Government Review, 41(1), 39–48.
   Google Scholar
• Schattschneider, E. E. (1975). The semi-sovereign people: A realist’s view of democracy in America. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Schindler, S. B. (2010). Following industry’s LEED: Municipal adoption of private green building standards. Florida Law Review, 62(2), 285–350.
   Google Scholar
• Schumaker, P. (2013). Group involvements in city politics and pluralist theory. Urban Affairs Review, 49(2), 254–281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharp, E. B., Daley, D. M., & Lynch, M. S. (2011). Understanding local adoption and implementation of climate change mitigation policy. Urban Affairs Review, 47(3), 433–457.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinyama, Y. (2016). PDFMiner: Python PDF parser. Retrieved October 1, 2018 from https://github.com/euske/pdfminer.
   Google Scholar
• Social Explorer. (2019). Data Dictionary: American Community Survey 2016 (5-year estimates). https://www.socialexplorer.com/data/ACS2016_5yr/metadata/?ds=ACS16_5yr
   Google Scholar
• Spulber, D. F. (2007). The theory of the firm: Microeconomics with endogenous entrepreneurs, firms, markets, and organizations. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Conference of Mayors. (2018). List of participating mayors. Retrieved February 16, 2018 from http://www.mayors.org/climateprotection/list.asp.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2015). Green building costs and savings. Retrieved January 20, 2019 from https://www.usgbc.org/articles/green-building-costs-and-savings
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2017a). Bylaws. Retrieved February 12, 2018 from https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/usgbc-bylaws.pdf
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2017b). Discover public policies in the USGBC’s new Public Policy Library. Retrieved October 18, 2018 from https://www.usgbc.org/articles/discover-public-policies-usgbcs-new-public-policy-library
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2017c). Foundations of LEED (Last revision in 2017). Retrieved February 17, 2018 from https://www.usgbc.org/articles/how-leed-rating-systems-are-developed.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2018a). People directory. Retrieved January 23, 2018 from https://www.usgbc.org/people.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2018b). Public policy library. Retrieved January 23, 2018 from http://public-policies.usgbc.org/.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2018c). Trademark policy and branding guidelines. Retrieved March 15, 2019 from https://www.usgbc.org/resources/usgbc-trademark-policy-and-branding-guidelines
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2019). Organizational member benefits. Retrieved January 21, 2019 from https://new.usgbc.org/benefits/organizational
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (2020). Advocacy @ USGBC. Retrieved November 11, 2020, from https://www.usgbc.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Advocacy-at-USGBC-2020-Priorities.pdf
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Green Building Council. (n.d.). State Advocacy Day Playbook for USGBC Chapters. Retrieved November 11, 2020. https://s3.amazonaws.com/legacy.usgbc.org/usgbc/docs/Archive/General/Docs18483.pdf
   Google Scholar
• USGBC Florida Chapter. (2020). Chapter Priorities. Retrieved November 11, 2020, from https://usgbcflorida.wildapricot.org/Chapter-Priorities
   Google Scholar
• USGBC Texas Chapter. (2019). USGBC Texas State Advocacy Day, Feb. 19th, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2020, from https://usgbctexas.org/event-3158070
   Google Scholar
• Volokh, E. (2003). The mechanisms of the slippery slope. Harvard Law Review, 116(4), 1026–1137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, L. J. (2018). CenPy. Retrieved September 1, 2018 from https://github.com/ljwolf/cenpy.
   Google Scholar
• Zuo, J., & Zhao, Z. Y. (2014). Green building research–current status and future agenda: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 30, 271–281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar