377
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Chloride binding ability and the onset corrosion threat on alkali-activated GGBFS and binary blend pastes

&
Pages 1023-1039 | Received 05 Feb 2016, Accepted 26 Aug 2016, Published online: 09 Sep 2016

References

  • Adam, A. A. (2009). Strength and durability properties of alkali activated slag and fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (PhD thesis). RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Ahmed, M. S. (2007). Effects of systematic increase of pozzolanic materials on the mechanical, durability, and microstructural characteristics of concrete. University of New South Wales @ the Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra.
  • Albitar, M., Ali, M. S. M., & Visintin, P. (2014). Engineering properties of slag-based geopolymer concrete. The First International Conference on Construction Materials and Structures, Johannesburg, South Africa.
  • Berman, H. A. (1972). Determination of chloride in hardened Portland cement paste, mortar and concrete. Journal of Materials, 7, 330–335.
  • Brown, P. W., & Bothe, J. V. (1993). The stability of ettringite. Advances in Cement Research, 5, 47–63.10.1680/adcr.1993.5.18.47
  • Dhir, R. K., El-Mohr, M. A. K., & Dyer, T. D. (1996). Chloride binding in GGBS concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 26, 1767–1773.10.1016/S0008-8846(96)00180-9
  • Dhir, R. K., Jones, M. R., & Ahmed, H. E. H. (1990). Determination of total and soluble chlorides in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 20, 579–590.10.1016/0008-8846(90)90100-C
  • Diamond, S. (1986). Chloride concentrations in concrete pore solutions resulting from calcium and sodium chloride admixtures. Cement, Concrete and Aggregates, 8, 97–102.
  • Glass, G. K., & Buenfeld, N. R. (1997). The presentation of the chloride threshold level for corrosion of steel in concrete. Corrosion Science, 39, 1001–1013.10.1016/S0010-938X(97)00009-7
  • Glass, G. K., Reddy, B., & Buenfeld, N. R. (2000). The participation of bound chloride in passive film breakdown on steel in concrete. Corrosion Science, 42, 2013–2021.10.1016/S0010-938X(00)00040-8
  • Glass, G. K., Wang, Y., & Buenfeld, N. R. (1996). An investigation of experimental methods used to determine free and total chloride contents. Cement and Concrete Research, 26, 1443–1449.10.1016/0008-8846(96)00115-9
  • Gouda, V. K. (1970). Corrosion and corrosion inhibition of reinforcing steel: I. Immersed in alkaline solutions. British Corrosion Journal, 5, 198–203.10.1179/000705970798324450
  • Haque, M. N., & Kayyali, O. A. (1995). Free and water soluble chloride in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 25, 531–542.10.1016/0008-8846(95)00042-B
  • Hausmann, D. A. (1967). Steel corrosion in concrete: How does it occur by hausman. Materials Protection, 6, 19–23.
  • Karimi, S. (2001). A critical evaluation of ASTM method C114, section 19 for the determination of total chloride content of cured cement and concrete (Master of Applied Science). University of Toronto, Toronto.
  • Kayali, O., Khan, M. S. H., & Sharfuddin Ahmed, M. (2012). The role of hydrotalcite in chloride binding and corrosion protection in concretes with ground granulated blast furnace slag. Cement & Concrete Composites, 34, 936–945.10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.04.009
  • Kayyali, O. A., & Haque, M. N. (1995). The Cl−/OH− ratio in chloride-contaminated concrete - a most important criterion. Magazine of Concrete Research, 47, 235–242.10.1680/macr.1995.47.172.235
  • Khan, M. S. H., Kayali, O., & Troitzsch, U. (2016). Chloride binding capacity of hydrotalcite and the competition with carbonates in ground granulated blast furnace slag concrete. Materials and Structures49, 4609–4619. doi:10.1617/s11527-016-0810-z
  • Leng, F., Feng, N., & Lu, X. (2000). An experimental study on the properties of resistance to diffusion of chloride ions of fly ash and blast furnace slag concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 30, 989–992.10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00250-7
  • Luo, R., Cai, Y., Wang, C., & Huang, X. (2003). Study of chloride binding and diffusion in GGBS concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 1–7.10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00712-3
  • Luping, T., & Nilsson, L.-O. (1993). Chloride binding capacity and binding isotherms of OPC pastes and mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 23, 247–253.10.1016/0008-8846(93)90089-R
  • Mohammed, T. U., & Hamada, H. (2003). Relationship between free chloride and total chloride contents in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 1487–1490.10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00065-6
  • Muralidharan, S., Vedalakshmi, R., Saraswathi, V., Joseph, J., & Palaniswamy, N. (2005). Studies on the aspects of chloride ion determination in different types of concrete under macro-cell corrosion conditions. Building and Environment, 40, 1275–1281.10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.10.005
  • Neville, A. M. (2006). Properties of concrete. Dorling Kindersly (India) Pvt Ltd, India.
  • Page, C. L., Lambert, P., & Vassie, P. R. W. (1991). Investigations of reinforcement corrosion. 1. The pore electrolyte phase in chloride-contaminated concrete. Materials and Structures, 24, 243–252.10.1007/BF02472078
  • Page, C. L., & Treadaway, K. W. J. (1982). Aspects of the electrochemistry of steel in concrete. Nature, 297, 109–115.10.1038/297109a0
  • Page, C. L., & Vennesland, O. (1983). Pore solution composition and chloride binding capacity of silica-fume cement pastes. Materials and Structures, 16, 19–25.
  • Rasheeduzzafar, Hussain, S. E., & AI-Saadoun S. S. (1991). Effect of cement composition on chloride binding and corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 21, 777–794.10.1016/0008-8846(91)90173-F
  • Song, H. W., Lee, C. H., Jung, M. S., & Ann, K. Y. (2008). Development of chloride binding capacity in cement pastes and influence of the pH of hydration products. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 35, 1427–1434.10.1139/L08-089
  • Song, H.-W., & Saraswathy, V. (2006). Studies on the corrosion resistance of reinforced steel in concrete with ground granulated blast-furnace slag – An overview. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 138, 226–233.10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.07.022
  • Song, S., & Jennings, H. M. (1999). Pore solution chemistry of alkali-activated ground granulated blast-furnace slag. Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 159–170.10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00212-9
  • Song, S., Sohn, D., Jennings, H. M., & Mason, T. O. (2000). Hydration of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag. Journal of Materials Science, 35, 249–257.10.1023/A:1004742027117
  • Tritthart, J. (1989a). Chloride binding in cement I. Investigations to determine the composition of porewater in hardened cement. Cement and Concrete Research, 19, 586–594.10.1016/0008-8846(89)90010-0
  • Tritthart, J. (1989b). Chloride binding in cement II. The influence of the hydroxide concentration in the pore solution of hardened cement paste on chloride binding. Cement and Concrete Research, 19, 683–691.10.1016/0008-8846(89)90039-2
  • Way, S. J., & Shayan, A. (1989). Early hydration of a portland cement in water and sodium hydroxide solutions: Composition of solutions and nature of solid phases. Cement and Concrete Research, 19, 759–769.10.1016/0008-8846(89)90046-X
  • Xu, Y. (1997). The influence of sulphates on chloride binding and pore solution chemistry. Cement and Concrete Research, 27, 1841–1850.10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00196-8
  • Yeau, K. Y., & Kim, E. K. (2005). An experimental study on corrosion resistance of concrete with ground granulate blast-furnace slag. Cement and Concrete Research, 35, 1391–1399.10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.11.010
  • Zibara, H. (2001). Binding of external chloride by cement pastes (PhD). University of Toronto, Toronto.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.