18,469
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Corporal punishment of children: discipline or abuse?

, , &
Article: 1485456 | Received 25 Jan 2018, Accepted 28 May 2018, Published online: 26 Jun 2018

References

  • Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, et al. The world report on violence and health. The Lancet. 2002 Oct 5;360(9339):1–8.
  • Lau JT, Liu JL, Cheung JC, et al. Prevalence and correlates of physical abuse in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents: a population-based approach. Child Abuse Negl. 1999 Jun;23(6):549–557.
  • Hyland ME, Alkhalaf AM, Whalley B. Beating and insulting children as a risk for adult cancer, cardiac disease and asthma. J Behav Med. 2013 Dec;36(6):632–640.
  • Afifi TO, Mota N, MacMillan HL, et al. Harsh physical punishment in childhood and adult physical health. Pediatrics. 2013;15:peds.2012–4021.
  • Tomoda A, Suzuki H, Rabi K, et al. Reduced prefrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment. NeuroImage. 2009 Aug;47(Suppl 2):T66–71.
  • Danese A, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, et al. Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease: depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Dec;163(12):1135–1143.
  • Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study. Am J Prev Med. 1998 May;14(4):245–258.
  • Durrant J, Ensom R. Physical punishment of children: lessons from 20 years of research. CMAJ Can Med Assoc J. 2012 Sep 4;184(12):1373–1377.
  • Straus MA, Sugarman DB, Giles-Sims J. Spanking by parents and subsequent antisocial behavior of children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997 Aug;151(8):761–767.
  • MacMillan HL, Boyle MH, Wong MY, et al. Slapping and spanking in childhood and its association with lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a general population sample. CMAJ Can Med Assoc J. 1999 Oct 5;161(7):805–809.
  • Afifi TO, Brownridge DA, Cox BJ, et al. Physical punishment, childhood abuse and psychiatric disorders. Child Abuse Negl. 2006 Oct;30(10):1093–1103.
  • Straus MA, Kantor GK Durham, NH: US Dept of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Mental Health. [Internet]. Physical punishment by parents: a risk factor in the epidemiology of depression, suicide, alcohol abuse, child abuse, and wife beating. 1991 Dec 11 [cited 2017 Nov 2]. Available from: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED341907
  • McGowan PO, Sasaki A, D’Alessio AC, et al. Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse. Nat Neurosci. 2009 Mar;12(3):342–348.
  • Bugental DB, Martorell GA, Barraza V. The hormonal costs of subtle forms of infant maltreatment. Horm Behav. 2003 Jan;43(1):237–244.
  • Gershoff ET. Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: a meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychol Bull. 2002 Jul;128(4):539–579.
  • Straus MA, Paschall MJ. Corporal punishment by mothers and development of children’s cognitive ability: a longitudinal study of two nationally representative age cohorts. J Aggress Maltreatment Trauma. 2009 Jul 23;18(5):459–483.
  • Berlin LJ, Ispa JM, Fine MA, et al. Correlates and consequences of spanking and verbal punishment for low-income white, African American, and Mexican American toddlers. Child Dev. 2009;80(5):1403–1420.
  • Bodovski K, Youn M-J. Love, discipline and elementary school achievement: the role of family emotional climate. Soc Sci Res. 2010 Jul 1;39(4):585–595.
  • Margolin G, Vickerman KA, Oliver PH, et al. Violence exposure in multiple interpersonal domains: cumulative and differential effects. J Adolesc Health Off Publ Soc Adolesc Med. 2010 Aug;47(2):198–205.
  • MacKenzie MJ, Nicklas E, Waldfogel J, et al. Spanking and child development across the first decade of life. Pediatrics. 2013;21:peds.2013–1227.
  • Talwar V, Carlson SM, Lee K. Effects of a punitive environment on children’s executive functioning: a natural experiment. Soc Dev. 2011 Nov 1;20(4):805–824.
  • Sheu Y-S, Polcari A, Anderson CM, et al. Harsh corporal punishment is associated with increased T2 relaxation time in dopamine-rich regions. NeuroImage. 2010 Nov 1;53(2):412–419.
  • Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, et al. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006 Apr;256(3):174–186.
  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Guidance for effective discipline. Committee on psychosocial aspects of child and family health. Pediatrics. 1998 Apr;101(4 Pt 1):723–728.
  • McCormick KF. Attitudes of primary care physicians toward corporal punishment. JAMA. 1992 Jun 17;267(23):3161–3165.
  • Wissow LS, Roter D. Toward effective discussion of discipline and corporal punishment during primary care visits: findings from studies of doctor-patient interaction. Pediatrics. 1994 Oct;94(4 Pt 2):587–593.
  • Tirosh E, Offer Shechter S, Cohen A, et al. Attitudes towards corporal punishment and reporting of abuse. Child Abuse Negl. 2003 Aug;27(8):929–937.