Carbon source utilization patterns in dental plaque and microbial responses to sucrose, lactose, and phenylalanine consumption in severe early childhood caries

References

• Seow WK. Early Childhood Caries. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2018;65:941–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge Y, Caufield PW, Fisch GS, et al. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis colonization correlated with caries experience in children. Caries Res. 2008;42(444–448). DOI:10.1159/000159608
   Google Scholar
• Kanasi E, Dewhirst FE, Chalmers NI, et al. Clonal analysis of the microbiota of severe early childhood caries. Caries Res. 2010;44(485–497). DOI:10.1159/000320158
   Google Scholar
• Hughes CV, Dahlan M, Papadopolou E, et al. Aciduric microbiota and mutans streptococci in severe and recurrent severe early childhood caries. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34:e16–23.
   Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Zhang J, Chen X, et al. Profiling of oral microbiota in early childhood caries using single-molecule real-time sequencing. Front Microbiol. 2017;8(2244). DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02244
   Google Scholar
• Ma C, Chen F, Zhang Y, et al. Comparison of oral microbial profiles between children with severe early childhood caries and caries-free children using the human oral microbe identification microarray. PLoS One. 2015;10(e0122075). DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0122075
   Google Scholar
• Kressirer CA, Smith DJ, King WF, et al. Scardovia wiggsiae and its potential role as a caries pathogen. J Oral Biosci. 2017;59(135–141). DOI:10.1016/j.job.2017.05.002
   Google Scholar
• Tanner ACR, Kressirer CA, Rothmiller S, et al. The caries microbiome: implications for reversing dysbiosis. Adv Dent Res. 2018;29(78–85). DOI:10.1177/0022034517736496
   Google Scholar
• Marsh PD. In sickness and in health-what does the oral microbiome mean to us? An ecological perspective. Adv Dent Res. 2018;29(60–65). DOI:10.1177/0022034517735295
   Google Scholar
• Moye ZD, Zeng L, Burne RA. Fueling the caries process: carbohydrate metabolism and gene regulation by Streptococcus mutans. J Oral Microbiol. 2014;6(1):24878.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao W, Li W, Lin J, et al. Effect of sucrose concentration on sucrose-dependent adhesion and glucosyltransferase expression of S. mutans in children with severe early-childhood caries (S-ECC). Nutrients. 2014;6:3572–3586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assaf D, Steinberg D, Shemesh M. Lactose triggers biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. Int Dairy J. 2015;42:51–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta P, Gupta N, Pawar AP, et al. Role of sugar and sugar substitutes in dental caries: a review. ISRN Dent. 2013;2013(519421). DOI:10.1155/2013/519421
   Google Scholar
• Sheiham A. Sucrose and dental caries. Nutr Health. 1987;5(25–29). DOI:10.1177/026010608700500205
   Google Scholar
• Paes Leme AF, Koo H, Bellato CM, et al. The role of sucrose in cariogenic dental biofilm formation–new insight. J Dent Res. 2006;85(878–887). DOI:10.1177/154405910608501002
   Google Scholar
• Campbell RG, Zinner DD. Effect of certain dietary sugars on hamster caries. J Nutr. 1970;100(11–20). DOI:10.1093/jn/100.1.11
   Google Scholar
• Bowen WH, Pearson SK, VanWuyckhuyse BC, et al. Influence of milk, lactose-reduced milk, and lactose on caries in desalivated rats. Caries Res. 1991;25(283–286). DOI:10.1159/000261377
   Google Scholar
• Kakuta H, Iwami Y, Mayanagi H, et al. Xylitol inhibition of acid production and growth of mutans Streptococci in the presence of various dietary sugars under strictly anaerobic conditions. Caries Res. 2003;37(404–409). DOI:10.1159/000073391
   Google Scholar
• Washio J, OGAWA T, SUZUKI K, et al. Amino acid composition and amino acid-metabolic network in supragingival plaque. Biomed Res. 2016;37(251–257). DOI:10.2220/biomedres.37.251
   Google Scholar
• He J, Hwang G, Liu Y, et al. l-Arginine modifies the exopolysaccharide matrix and thwarts streptococcus mutans outgrowth within mixed-species oral biofilms. J Bacteriol. 2016;198(2651–2661). DOI:10.1128/jb.00021-16
   Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Ren Z, Hwang G, et al. Therapeutic strategies targeting cariogenic biofilm microenvironment. Adv Dent Res. 2018;29(86–92). DOI:10.1177/0022034517736497
   Google Scholar
• Bongaerts J, Kramer M, Muller U, et al. Metabolic engineering for microbial production of aromatic amino acids and derived compounds. Metab Eng. 2001;3(289–300). DOI:10.1006/mben.2001.0196
   Google Scholar
• Masoudi Rad H, Rabiei M, Sobhani A, et al. Free amino acids in stimulated and unstimulated whole saliva: advantages or disadvantages. J Oral Rehabil. 2014;41(759–767). DOI:10.1111/joor.12197
   Google Scholar
• Harada A. Effects of D-phenylalanine on dental caries in mice. J Dent Health. 1988;38(84–109). DOI:10.5834/jdh.38.84
   Google Scholar
• Wyss C. Aspartame as a source of essential phenylalanine for the growth of oral anaerobes. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1993;108(255–258). DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06111.x
   Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Hu J, et al. Functional diversity of the microbial community in healthy subjects and periodontitis patients based on sole carbon source utilization. PLoS One. 2014;9(e91977). DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0091977
   Google Scholar
• Zhao Y, Zhong W-J, Xun Z, et al. Differences in carbon source usage by dental plaque in children with and without early childhood caries. Int J Oral Sci. 2017;9(12):e6–e6.
   Google Scholar
• Gomez A, Nelson KE. The oral microbiome of children: development, disease, and implications beyond oral health. Microb Ecol. 2017;73(492–503). DOI:10.1007/s00248-016-0854-1
   Google Scholar
• Richards VP, Alvarez AJ, Luce AR, et al. Microbiomes of site-specific dental plaques from children with different caries status. Infect Immun. 2017;85(8). DOI:10.1128/iai.00106-17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu H, Tian J, Hao W, et al. Oral microbiome shifts from caries-free to caries-affected status in 3-year-old Chinese children: a longitudinal study. Front Microbiol. 2018;9(2009). DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02009
   Google Scholar
• Xiao J, Grier A, Faustoferri RC, et al. Association between oral candida and bacteriome in children with severe ECC. J Dent Res. 2018;97(1468–1476). DOI:10.1177/0022034518790941
   Google Scholar
• AAOP D. Policy on Early Childhood Caries (ECC): classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. Pediatr Dent. 2016;38:52–54.
   Google Scholar
• Caporaso JG, Kuczynski J, Stombaugh J, et al. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Nat Methods. 2010;7(335–336). DOI:10.1038/nmeth.f.303
   Google Scholar
• Edgar RC, Haas BJ, Clemente JC, et al. UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection. Bioinformatics. 2011;27(2194–2200). DOI:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr381
   Google Scholar
• Escapa IF, Chen T, Huang Y, et al. New insights into human nostril microbiome from the Expanded Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD): a resource for the microbiome of the human aerodigestive tract. mSystems. 2018;3(e00187–00118). DOI:10.1128/mSystems.00187-18
   Google Scholar
• Lozupone CA, Knight R. Species divergence and the measurement of microbial diversity. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2008;32(557–578). DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00111.x
   Google Scholar
• Gao XJ, Fan Y, Kent RL Jr., et al. Association of caries activity with the composition of dental plaque fluid. J Dent Res. 2001;80(1834–1839). DOI:10.1177/00220345010800091201
   Google Scholar
• Lingstrom P, van Ruyven FO, van Houte J, et al. The pH of dental plaque in its relation to early enamel caries and dental plaque flora in humans. J Dent Res. 2000;79(770–777). DOI:10.1177/00220345000790021101
   Google Scholar
• Frandsen EV, Poulsen K, Kononen E, et al. Diversity of capnocytophaga species in children and description of capnocytophaga leadbetteri sp. nov. and capnocytophaga genospecies AHN8471. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2008;58:324–336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu CC, Johnson JL, Moore WE, et al. Emended descriptions of Prevotella denticola, Prevotella loescheii, Prevotella veroralis, and Prevotella melaninogenica. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1992;42(536–541). DOI:10.1099/00207713-42-4-536
   Google Scholar
• Nascimento MM, Gordan VV, Garvan CW, et al. Correlations of oral bacterial arginine and urea catabolism with caries experience. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2009;24(89–95). DOI:10.1111/j.1399-302X.2008.00477.x
   Google Scholar
• Huang X, Schulte RM, Burne RA, et al. Characterization of the arginolytic microflora provides insights into pH homeostasis in human oral biofilms. Caries Res. 2015;49(165–176). DOI:10.1159/000365296
   Google Scholar
• Anderson SA, Sissons CH, Coleman MJ, et al. Application of carbon source utilization patterns to measure the metabolic similarity of complex dental plaque biofilm microcosms. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002;68(5779–5783). DOI:10.1128/aem.68.11.5779-5783.2002
   Google Scholar
• Thompson J, Pikis A. Metabolism of sugars by genetically diverse species of oral Leptotrichia. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2012;27:34–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du Q, Fu M, Zhou Y, et al. Sucrose promotes caries progression by disrupting the microecological balance in oral biofilms: an in vitro study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(2961). DOI:10.1038/s41598-020-59733-6
   Google Scholar
• Anderson AC, Rothballer M, Altenburger MJ, et al. In-vivo shift of the microbiota in oral biofilm in response to frequent sucrose consumption. Sci Rep. 2018;8(14202). DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-32544-6
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi N, Nyvad B. Caries ecology revisited: microbial dynamics and the caries process. Caries Res. 2008;42:409–418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi N, Nyvad B. The role of bacteria in the caries process: ecological perspectives. J Dent Res. 2011;90(294–303). DOI:10.1177/0022034510379602
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi N, Yamada T. Acid-induced acid tolerance and acidogenicity of non-mutans streptococci. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1999;14(43–48). DOI:10.1034/j.1399-302x.1999.140105.x
   Google Scholar
• Aimutis WR. Lactose cariogenicity with an emphasis on childhood dental caries. Int Dairy J. 2012;22:152–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moynihan PJ, Ferrier S, Blomley S, et al. Acid production from lactulose by dental plaque bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol. 1998;27:173–177.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rugg-Gunn AJ, Roberts GJ, Wright WG. Effect of human milk on plaque pH in situ and enamel dissolution in vitro compared with bovine milk, lactose, and sucrose. Caries Res. 1985;19(327–334). DOI:10.1159/000260863
   Google Scholar
• Hamid MA, Iwaku M, Hoshino E. The metabolism of phenylalanine and leucine by a cell suspension of Eubacterium brachy and the effects of metronidazole on metabolism. Arch Oral Biol. 1994;39(967–972). DOI:10.1016/0003-9969(94)90080-9
   Google Scholar