References
- Maintz G. Animal experiments in the study of the effect of ultrasonic waves on bone regeneration. Strahlentherapie. 1950;82(4):631–638.
- Xavier CM, Duarte LR. Estimulaca ultra-sonica de calo osseo: Applicaca clinica. Rev Bras Ortop. 1983;18:73–80.
- Higgins A, Glover M, Yang Y, et al. Exogen ultrasound bone healing system for long bone fractures with non-union or delayed healing: a nice medical technology guidance. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2014;12(5):477–484.
- Schandelmaier S, Kaushal A, Lytvyn L, et al. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound for bone healing: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. BMJ. 2017;356:j656.
- Rutten S, van den Bekerom MP, Sierevelt IN, et al. Enhancement of bone-healing by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: a systematic review. JBJS Rev. 2016;3:4.
- Hackney LA, Dodds SD. Assessment of scaphoid fracture healing. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2011;4(1):16–22.
- Duarte LX, Choffie M, McCabe JM. Review of nonunions treated by pulsed low-intensity ultrasound. Proceedings of the 1996 Meeting of the Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopaedique et de Traumatologie (SICOT). Amsterdam; 1996. p. 110.
- Schofer MD, Block JE, Aigner J, et al. Improved healing response in delayed unions of the tibia with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: Results of a randomized sham-controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11(1):229.
- Gebauer D, Mayr E, Orthner E, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: effects on nonunions. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2005;31(10):1391–1402.
- Jingushi S, Mizuno K, Matsushita T, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment for postoperative delayed union or nonunion of long bone fractures. J Orthop Sci. 2007;12(1):35–41.
- Rubin C, Bolander M, Ryaby JP, et al. The use of low-intensity ultrasound to accelerate the healing of fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83-A:259–270.
- Nolte PA, van der Krans A, Patka P, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the treatment of nonunions. J Trauma. 2001;51(4):693–702.
- Pigozzi F, Moneta MR, Giombini A, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in the conservative treatment of pseudoarthrosis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2004;44:173–178.
- Ricardo M. The effect of ultrasound on the healing of muscle-pediculated bone graft in scaphoid non-union. Int Orthopaed (SICO). 2006;30(2):123–127.
- Farkash U, Bain O, Gam A, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for treating delayed union scaphoid fractures: case series. J Orthop Surg Res. 2015;10(1):72.
- Carlson EJ, Save AV, Slade JF, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment for scaphoid fracture nonunions in adolescents. J Wrist Surg. 2015;04(02):115–120.
- Zura R, Della Rocca GJ, Mehta S, et al. Treatment of chronic (>1 year) fracture nonunion: heal rate in a cohort of 767 patients treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus). Injury. 2015;46(10):2036–2041.
- Leighton R, Watson JT, Giannoudis P, et al. Healing of fracture nonunions treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Injury. 2017;48(7):1339–1347.
- Seger EW, Jauregui JJ, Horton SA, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for nonoperative treatment of scaphoid nonunions: a meta-analysis. Hand. 2018;13(3):275–280.
- Ferguson DO, Shanbhag V, Hedley H, et al. Scaphoid fracture non-union: a systematic review of surgical treatment using bone graft. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2016;41(5):492–500.
- Pinder RM, Brkljac M, Rix L, et al. Treatment of scaphoid nonunion: a systematic review of the existing evidence. J Hand Surg Am. 2015;40(9):1797–1805.e3.