2,005
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Basic Research Article

Predictors of the 10 year course of mental health and quality of life for trauma-affected refugees after psychological treatment

Predictores de la evolución a 10 añs de la salud mental y la calidad de vida de los refugiados afectados por el trauma después del tratamiento psicológico

受创伤影响的难民心理治疗后 10 年心理健康和生活质量的预测因素

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Article: 2068910 | Received 01 Nov 2021, Accepted 08 Apr 2022, Published online: 25 May 2022

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
  • Blackmore, R., Boyle, J. A., Fazel, M., Ranasinha, S., Gray, K. M., Fitzgerald, G., et al. (2020). The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: A systematic review and metaanalysis. PLoS Medicine, 17(9), e1003337. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003337
  • Bruhn, M., Rees, S., Mohsin, M., Silove, D., & Carlsson, J. (2018). The range and impact of postmigration stressors during treatment of trauma-affected refugees. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 206(1), 61–68. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000774
  • Buhmann, C. B., Mortensen, E. L., Nordentoft, M., Ryberg, J., & Ekstrøm, M. (2015). Follow-up study of the treatment outcomes at a psychiatric trauma clinic for refugees. Torture, 25, 1–16.
  • Buhmann, C. B., Nordentoft, M., Ekstroem, M., Carlsson, J., & Mortensen, E. L. (2018). Long-term treatment effect of trauma-affected refugees with flexible cognitive behavioural therapy and antidepressants. Psychiatry Research, 264, 217–223. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.069
  • Dalgaard, N. T., Bjerre, K., & Thøgersen, M. H. (2021). Twenty seven years of treating survivors of torture and organized violence – Associations between torture, gender and ethnic minority status among refugees referred for treatment of PTSD. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1904712. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1904712
  • Drožđek, B., Kamperman, A. M., Tol, W. A., Knipscheer, J. W., & Kleber, R. J. (2014). Seven-year follow-up study of symptoms in asylum seekers and refugees with PTSD treated with trauma-focused groups. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(4), 376–387. doi:10.1002/jclp.22035
  • Drožđek, B., Kamperman, A. M., Wietse, A., Tol, W. A., Knipscheer, J. W., & Kleber, R. J. (2013). Is legal status impacting outcomes of group therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder with male asylum seekers and refugees from Iran and Afghanistan? Psychiatry, 13, 148. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/13/148.
  • Friis Jørgensen, S., Auning-Hansen, M., Ottesen Kennair, L. E., & Elklit, A. (2017). Can disability predict treatment outcome among traumatized refugees? Torture, 27(2), 12–26. doi: 10.7146/torture.v27i2.97208
  • Giacco, D., & Priebe, S. (2018). Mental health care for adult refugees in high-income countries. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 27(2), 109–116. doi.10.1017/S2045796017000609
  • Haagen, J. F. G., ter Heide, F. J. J., Mooren, T. M., Knipscheer, J. W., & Kleber, R. J. (2017). Predicting post-traumatic stress disorder treatment response in refugees: Multilevel analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56, 69–83. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12121
  • Hassan, G., Ventevogel, P., Jefee-Bahloul, H., Barkil-Oteo, A., & Kirmayer, L. J. (2016). Mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrians affected by armed conflict. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 25(2), 129–141. doi: 10.1017/S2045796016000044
  • Kingsley, P. (2016). “Prisoners of Europe”: The everyday humiliation of refugees stuck in Greece. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/06/prisoners-of-europe-the-everyday-humiliation-of-refugees-stuck-in-greece-migration
  • Li, S. S., Liddell, B. J., & Nickerson, A. (2016). The relationship between post-migration stress and psychological disorders in refugees and asylum seekers. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18(9), 1–9. doi:10.1007/s11920-016-0723-0
  • Lutz, W., de Jong, K., Rubel, J. A., & Delgadillo, J. (2021). Measuring, predicting, and tracking change in psychotherapy. In M. Barkham, W. Lutz, & L. G. Castonguay (Eds.), Bergin and Garfields Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change, 50th Anniversary Edition, 4 (pp. 89–133). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons.
  • Mollica, R. F., McDonald, L. S., Massagli, M. P., & Silove, D. M. (2004). Measuring trauma, measuring torture. Instructions and guidance on the utilization of Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) & the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Harvard program in refugee trauma, http://hprt-cambridge.org. CD, retrieved 2006.
  • Mundy, S. S., Foss, S. L. W., Poulsen, S., Hjorthøj, C., & Carlsson, J. (2020). Sex differences in trauma exposure and symptomatology in trauma-affected refugees. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113445. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113445
  • Nordin, L., & Perrin, S. (2019). Pre-treatment pain predicts outcomes in multimodal treatment for tortured and traumatized refugees: A pilot investigation. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 1–10. doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1686807
  • Ogle, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2015). The relation between insecure attachment and posttraumatic stress: Early life versus adulthood traumas. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 7(4), 324–332. doi:10.1037/tra0000015
  • Olff, M. (2017). Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: An update. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8, 1351204. doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1351204
  • Opaas, M., & Hartmann, E. (2013). Rorschach assessment of traumatized refugees: An exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95, 457–470. doi:10.1080/00223891.2013.781030
  • Opaas, M., & Hartmann, E. (2021). Traumatized refugees in psychotherapy: Long-term changes in personality, mental health, well-being, and exile life functioning. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1–13. doi:10.1097/NMD.0000000000001396
  • Opaas, M., Hartmann, E., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Varvin, S. (2016). Relationship of pretreatment Rorschach factors to symptoms, quality of life, and real-life functioning in a three-year follow-up of traumatized refugee patients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 98, 247–260. doi:10.1080/00223891.2015.1089247
  • Opaas, M., & Varvin, S. (2015). Relationships of childhood adverse experiences with mental health and quality of life at treatment start for adult refugees traumatized by pre-flight experiences of war and human right violations. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 203, 684–695. doi:10.1097/NMD.0000000000000330
  • Opaas, M., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Varvin, S. (2020). The 10-year course of mental health, quality of life, and exile life functioning in traumatized refugees from treatment start. PLoS ONE, 15(12), e0244730. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244730
  • R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. (2013). https://www.r-project.org/foundation/
  • Riber, K. (2017). Trauma complexity and child abuse: A qualitative study of attachment narratives in adult refugees with PTSD. Transcultural Psychiatry, 54(5–6), 840–869. doi: 10.1177/1363461517737198
  • Riza, E., Karnaki, P., Gil-Salméron, A., Zota, K., Ho, M., Petropoulou, M., … Linos, A. (2020). Determinants of refugee and migrant health status in 10 European countries: TheMig-HealthCare project. International Journal of Environmental Resarch and Public Health, 17, 1–13. doi:10.3390/ijerph17176353
  • Sander, R., Laugesen, H., Skammeritz, S., Mortensen, E. L., & Carlsson, J. (2019). Interpreter-mediated psychotherapy with trauma-affected refugees – A retrospective cohort study. Psychiatry Res 271, 684–692. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.058
  • Schick, M., Morina, N., Mistridis, P., Schnyder, U., Bryant, R. A., & Nickerson, A. (2018). Changes in post-migration living difficulties predict treatment outcome in traumatized refugees. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 476. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00476
  • Skevington, S. M., Lotfy, M., & O'Connell, K. A. (2004). The World Health Organization's WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: Psychometric properties and results of the international field trial. A report from the WHOQOL Group. Quality of Life Research, 13, 299–310. doi: 10.1023/B:QURE.0000018486.91360.00
  • Song, S. J., Subica, A., Kaplan, C., Tol, W., & de Jong, J. (2018). Predicting the mental health and functioning of torture survivors. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 206, 33–39. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000678
  • Sonne, C., Carlsson, J., Bech, P., Vindbjerg, E., Mortensen, E. L., & Elklit, A. (2016). Psychosocial predictors of treatment outcome for trauma-affected refugees. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 7, 1. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v7.30907
  • Sonne, C., Carlsson, J., Beck, P., Elklit, A., & Mortensen, E. L. (2016). Treatment of trauma-affected refugees with venlafaxine versus sertraline combined with psychotherapy – A randomised study. BMC Psychiatry, 16(383), 3–13. doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1081-5
  • Sonne, C., Mortensen, E. L., Silove, D., Palic, S., & Carlsson, J. (2021). Predictors of treatment outcomes for trauma-affected refugees – Results from two randomised trials. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 194–202. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.095
  • Stammel, N., Knaevelsrud, C., Schock, K., Walther, L. S., Wenk-Ansohn, M., & Böttche, M. (2017). Multidisciplinary treatment for traumatized refugees in a naturalistic setting: Symptom courses and predictors. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8(sup2), 1377552. doi:10.1080/20008198.2017.1377552
  • Steel, Z., Chey, T., Silove, D., Marnane, C., Bryant, R. A., & Van Ommeren, M. (2009). Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA, 302(5), 537–549. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1132
  • Stenmark, H., Guzey, I. C., Elbert, T., & Holen, A. (2014). Gender and offender status predicting treatment success in refugees and asylum seekers with PTSD. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1), 20803. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v5.20803
  • UNHCR. The UN Refugee Agency, June 2021, retrieved Oct. 13, 2021. https://www.unhcr.org/figures-at-a-glance.html.
  • van Wyk, S., Schweitzer, R., Brough, M., Vromans, L., & Murray, K. (2012). A longitudinal study of mental health in refugees from Burma: The impact of therapeutic interventions. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 46(10), 995–1003. doi: 10.1177/0004867412443059
  • Varvin, S. (2015). Psychoanalysis with the traumatized patient: Helping to survive extreme experiences and complicated loss. International Forum of Psychoanalysis, doi:10.1080/0803706X.2014.1001785
  • Varvin, S. (2020). Specialist services. In D. Bughra (Ed.), Oxford Textbook of Migrant Psychiatry (pp. 449–458). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Varvin, S., Fischmann, T., Jovic, V., Rosenbaum, B., & Hau, S. (2012). Traumatic dreams: Symbolization gone astray. In P. Fonagy, H. Kächele, M. Leuzinger-Bohleber, & D. Taylor (Eds.), The Significance of Dreams (182–211). London: Karnac Books.
  • Walther, L., Fuchs, L. M., Schupp, J., & von Scheve, C. (2020). Living conditions and the mental health and well-being of refugees: Evidence from a large-scale German survey. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 22(5), 903–913. doi:10.1007/s10903-019-00968-5
  • Wells, T. T., Vanderlind, W. M., Selby, E. A., & Beevers, C. G. (2014). Childhood abuse and vulnerability to depression: Cognitive scars in otherwise healthy young adults. Cognition & Emotion, 28(5), 821–833. doi:10.1080/02699931.2013.864258
  • WHOQOL Group. (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychological Medicine, 28, 551–558. doi: 10.1017/S0033291798006667
  • World Health Organisation. (1994). Pocket guide to ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: With glossary and Diagnostic Criteria for Research DCR-10. (J. E. Cooper, ed.) Geneva: World Health Organisation/Churchill Livingstone.