2,860
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Basic Research Article

Using network analysis to illuminate the intergenerational transmission of adversity

Utilizando el análisis de redes para iluminar la transmisión intergeneracional de la adversidad

用网络分析阐明逆境的代际传递

, ORCID Icon, , , , , & show all
Article: 2101347 | Received 24 Apr 2022, Accepted 01 Jul 2022, Published online: 18 Aug 2022

References

  • Abuse, S. (2014). SAMHSA’s concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach. HHS Publication No.(SMA) 14–4884. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
  • The ALSPAC Study Team. (2018). The ALSPAC study: Data collected from the questionnaires. University of Bristol.
  • Asmussen, K., Fischer, F., Drayton, E., & McBride, T. (2020). Adverse childhood experiences: What we know, what we don’t know, and what should happen next. Early intervention foundation.
  • Bakhireva, L. N., Leeman, L., Roberts, M., Rodriguez, D. E., & Jacobson, S. W. (2021). You didn’t drink during pregnancy, Did You? Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research, 45(3), 543–547. doi:10.1111/acer.14545
  • Benedict, M. I., Paine, L. L., Paine, L. A., Brandt, D., & Stallings, R. (1999 July). The association of childhood sexual abuse with depressive symptoms during pregnancy, and selected pregnancy outcomes. Child Abuse & Neglect, 23(7), 659–670. doi:10.1016/S0145-2134(99)00040-X
  • Blackmore, E. R., Putnam, F. W., Pressman, E. K., Rubinow, D. R., Putnam, K. T., Matthieu, M. M., … O'Connor, T. G. (2016 June). The effects of trauma history and prenatal affective symptoms on obstetric outcomes. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 29(3), 245–252. doi:10.1002/jts.22095
  • Blalock, J. A., Nayak, N., Wetter, D. W., Schreindorfer, L., Minnix, J. A., Canul, J., Cinciripini, P. M., et al. (2011). The relationship of childhood trauma to nicotine dependence in pregnant smokers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 25(4), 652–663. doi:10.1037/a0025529
  • Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., et al. (2013 February). Cohort Profile: the ‘children of the 90s’ – the index offspring of the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children. International Journal of Epidemiology, 42(1), 111–127. doi:10.1093/ije/dys064
  • Breuer, F., Greggersen, W., Kahl, K. G., Schweiger, U., & Westermair, A. L. (2020 September). Caught in a web of trauma: Network analysis of childhood adversity and adult mental ill-health. Child Abuse & Neglect, 107, 104534. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104534
  • Briggs, E. C., Amaya-Jackson, L., Putnam, K. T., & Putnam, F. W. (2021 February). All adverse childhood experiences are not equal: The contribution of synergy to adverse childhood experience scores. The American Psychologist, 76(2), 243–252. doi:10.1037/amp0000768
  • Bringmann, L. F., Elmer, T., Epskamp, S., Krause, R. W., Schoch, D., Wichers, M., … Snippe, E. (2019). What do centrality measures measure in psychological networks? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(8), 892–903. doi:10.1037/abn0000446
  • Burger, J., Isvoranu, A. M., Lunansky, G., Haslbeck, J. M. B., Epskamp, S., Hoekstra, R. H. A., et al. (2020 November). Reporting standards for psychological network analyses in cross-sectional data [Internet]. PsyArXiv. https://osf.io/4y9nz.
  • Buss, C., Entringer, S., Moog, N. K., Toepfer, P., Fair, D. A., Simhan, H. N., … Wadhwa, P. D. (2017 May 1). Intergenerational transmission of maternal childhood maltreatment exposure: Implications for fetal brain development. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(5), 373–382. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.001
  • Christiaens, I., Hegadoren, K., & Olson, D. M. (2015 December). Adverse childhood experiences are associated with spontaneous preterm birth: A case–control study. BMC Medicine, 13(1), 124. doi:10.1186/s12916-015-0353-0
  • Claire, R., Chamberlain, C., Davey, M. A., Cooper, S. E., Berlin, I., Leonardi-Bee, J., et al. (2020). Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet], 3. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002%2F14651858.CD010078.pub3.
  • Cluver, L., Shenderovich, Y., Meinck, F., Berezin, M. N., Doubt, J., Ward, C. L., et al. (2020 October). Parenting, mental health and economic pathways to prevention of violence against children in South Africa. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 262, 113194. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113194
  • Cnattingius, S., Lindmark, G., & Meirik, O. (1992 June 1). Who continues to smoke while pregnant? Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 46(3), 218–221. doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.218
  • Constantin, M., Schuurman, N. K., & Vermunt, J. (2021). A General Monte Carlo method for sample size analysis in the context of network models [Internet]. PsyArXiv. https://psyarxiv.com/j5v7u/.
  • Cowell, W., Taing, L., Askowitz, T., Bosquet Enlow, M., Hacker, M. R., & Wright, R. J. (2021 April). Associations of maternal trait anger expression and lifetime Traumatic and non-traumatic experiences with preterm birth. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 25(4), 635–644. doi:10.1007/s10995-020-03026-x
  • Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012 April). Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiology & Behavior, 106(1), 29–39. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.019
  • Diamanti, A., Papadakis, S., Schoretsaniti, S., Rovina, N., Vivilaki, V., Gratziou, C., & Katsaounou, P. A. (2019). Smoking cessation in pregnancy: An update for maternity care practitioners. Tobacco Induced Diseases, 17, 57. doi:10.18332/tid/109906
  • Dube, S. R., Felitti, V. J., Dong, M., Chapman, D. P., Giles, W. H., & Anda, R. F. (2003 Mar 1). Childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction and the risk of illicit drug use: The adverse childhood experiences study. Pediatrics, 111(3), 564–572. doi:10.1542/peds.111.3.564
  • Ellis, G., Iles-Caven, Y., Northstone, K., & Golding, J. (2020 April 8). Traumatic childhood events of parents enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Wellcome Open Res, 5(65). doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15804.1
  • Epskamp, S., Borsboom, D., & Fried, E. I. (2018 February). Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: A tutorial paper. Behavior Research Methods, 50(1), 195–212. doi:10.3758/s13428-017-0862-1
  • Epskamp, S., Constantini, G., Haslbeck, J., Isvoranu, A., Waldorp, L. J., & Schmittmann, V. D. (2021). Package ‘qgraph’. [Internet]. https://mran.microsoft.com/snapshot/2017-12-11/web/packages/qgraph/qgraph.pdf.
  • Epskamp, S., & Fried, E. I. (2018 December). A tutorial on regularized partial correlation networks. Psychological Methods, 23(4), 617–634. doi:10.1037/met0000167
  • Epskamp, S., & Fried, E. I. (2020). Package ‘bootnet’ [Internet]. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/bootnet/bootnet.pdf.
  • Finkelhor, D. (2020 Oct). Trends in adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the United States. Child Abuse & Neglect, 108, 104641. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104641
  • Ford, J. D., & Delker, B. C. (2018 May 27). Polyvictimization in childhood and its adverse impacts across the lifespan: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 19(3), 275–288. doi:10.1080/15299732.2018.1440479
  • Foygel, R., & Drton, M. (2010 November 30). Extended Bayesian Information criteria for Gaussian graphical models. Advances in Neural information Processing Systems, 23, 2020–2028.
  • Fraser, A., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Tilling, K., Boyd, A., Golding, J., Davey Smith, G., et al. (2013 February 1). Cohort profile: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. International Journal of Epidemiology, 42(1), 97–110. doi:10.1093/ije/dys066
  • Gavin, A. R., & Morris, J. (2017 May). The association between maternal early life forced sexual intercourse and offspring birth weight: The role of socioeconomic status. Journal of Women's Health / the Official Publication of the Society for the Advancement of Women's Health Research, 26(5), 442–449. doi:10.1089/jwh.2016.5789
  • Gavin, A. R., Thompson, E., Rue, T., & Guo, Y. (2012 April). Maternal early life risk factors for offspring birth weight: Findings from the add health study. Prevention Science, 13(2), 162–172. doi:10.1007/s11121-011-0253-2
  • Gilbert, R., Widom, C. S., Browne, K., Fergusson, D., Webb, E., & Janson, S. (2009 January). Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries. The Lancet, 373(9657), 68–81. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61706-7
  • Goldenberg, R. L., & Culhane, J. F. (2007 February 1). Low birth weight in the United States. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 85(2), 584S–590S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.2.584S
  • Goldenberg, R. L., Culhane, J. F., Iams, J. D., & Romero, R. (2008 January 5). Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. The Lancet, 371(9606), 75–84. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4
  • Haselgruber, A., Knefel, M., Sölva, K., & Lueger-Schuster, B. (2021 March). Foster children’s complex psychopathology in the context of cumulative childhood trauma: The interplay of ICD-11 complex PTSD, dissociation, depression, and emotion regulation. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 372–380. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.116
  • Haslbeck, J. M. B., & Waldorp, L. J. (2018 April). How well do network models predict observations? On the importance of predictability in network models. Behavior Research Methods, 50(2), 853–861. doi:10.3758/s13428-017-0910-x
  • Haslbeck, J. M. B., & Waldorp, L. J. (2015). Structure estimation for mixed graphical models in high-dimensional data. Retrieved from: http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.05677.
  • Haslbeck, J., & Waldorp, L. (2021). Package “mgm” [Internet]. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mgm/mgm.pdf.
  • Hein, T. C., & Monk, C. S. (2017 March). Research review: Neural response to threat in children, adolescents, and adults after child maltreatment – a quantitative meta-analysis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 58(3), 222–230. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12651
  • Heron, J., O’Connor, T. G., Evans, J., Golding, J., & Glover, V. (2004 May). The course of anxiety and depression through pregnancy and the postpartum in a community sample. Journal of Affective Disorders, 80(1), 65–73. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2003.08.004
  • Herzog, J. I., & Schmahl, C. (2018 September 4). Adverse childhood experiences and the consequences on neurobiological, psychosocial, and somatic conditions across the lifespan. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 420. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00420
  • Hindley, N. (2006 Sep 1). Risk factors for recurrence of maltreatment: A systematic review. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 91(9), 744–752. doi:10.1136/adc.2005.085639
  • Holden, G. W., Gower, T., & Chmielewski, M. (2020). Methodological considerations in ACEs research. In Adverse Childhood Experiences [Internet]. Elsevier. Retrieved from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128160657000094.
  • Homish, G. G., Eiden, R. D., Leonard, K. E., & Kozlowski, L. T. (2012 January). Social–environmental factors related to prenatal smoking. Addictive Behaviors, 37(1), 73–77. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.09.001
  • Hughes, K., Bellis, M. A., Hardcastle, K. A., Sethi, D., Butchart, A., Mikton, C., et al. (2017 August). The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health, 2(8), e356–e366. doi:10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4
  • Janbakhisov, T., Emekçi, Ö, Ça, E., & Altunyurt, S. (2013). The effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on Doppler parameters. Perinatal Journal/Perinatoloji Dergisi, 21(3), 5. doi:10.2399/prn.13.0213004
  • Jin, J., Zhou, S., Xu, Q., & An, J. (2017 May). Identification of risk factors in epidemiologic study based on ROC curve and network. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 46655. doi:10.1038/srep46655
  • Jones, P. (2019). Bootstrapping bridge centrality using the bootnet package. Paytonjjones.wordpress.com. Retrieved 3 June 2022, from: https://paytonjjones.wordpress.com/2019/02/01/bootstrapping-bridge-centrality-using-the-bootnet-package/.
  • Jones, P. J., Ma, R., & McNally, R. J. (2021 March 4). Bridge centrality: A network approach to understanding comorbidity. Multivariate Behavior Research, 56(2), 353–367. doi:10.1080/00273171.2019.1614898
  • Jones, P., & Jones, M. P. (2021). Package ‘networktools.’ [Internet]. Retrieved from: https://cran.microsoft.com/snapshot/2018-07-04/web/packages/networktools/networktools.pdf.
  • Kane, J. B., Harris, K. M., & Siega-Riz, A. M. (2018 June). Intergenerational pathways linking maternal early life adversity to offspring birthweight. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 207, 89–96. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.04.049
  • Khan, A., Uddin, S., & Srinivasan, U. (2019 Dec). Chronic disease prediction using administrative data and graph theory: The case of type 2 diabetes. Expert Systems With Applications, 136, 230–241. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2019.05.048
  • Kheirabad, M. K., Yun, J. Y., Nguyen, T. B., Rami, F. Z., Piao, Y. H., Li, L., et al. 2021. Network analysis of trauma in patients with early-stage psychosis [Internet]. In Review. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-748297/v1.
  • Kristman-Valente, A. N., Brown, E. C., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2013 Oct). Child physical and sexual abuse and Cigarette smoking in adolescence and adulthood. The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 53(4), 533–538. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.06.003
  • Lawlor, D., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Fraser, A., & Tilling, K. (2011). Data abstracted from antenatal medical records [Internet]. University of Bristol. Retrieved from: http://www.bris.ac.uk/alspac/researchers/access/.
  • Lesco, G. (2018). ACEs and associated health-risk behaviours in university students from the Republic of Moldova. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office in Europe.
  • Liu, D., Epskamp, S., Isvoranu, A. M., Chen, C., Liu, W., & Hong, X. (2021 November). Network analysis of physical and psychiatric symptoms of hospital discharged patients infected with COVID-19. Journal of Affective Disorders, 294, 707–713. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.043
  • Loyal, J. D., & Chen, Y. (2020). Statistical network analysis: A review with applications to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. International Statistical Review = Revue internationale De Statistique, 88(2), 419–440. doi:10.1111/insr.12398
  • Macdonald-Wallis, C., Silverwood, R. J., De Stavola, B. L., Inskip, H., Cooper, C., Godfrey, K. M., … Tilling, K. (2015, November 17). Antenatal blood pressure for prediction of pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and small for gestational age babies: Development and validation in two general population cohorts. Bmj, 351. doi:10.1136/bmj.h5948
  • Marmot, M. (2020 February 24). Health equity in England: The Marmot review 10 years on. BMJ, m693. doi:10.1136/bmj.m693
  • Metzler, M., Merrick, M. T., Klevens, J., Ports, K. A., & Ford, D. C. (2017 January). Adverse childhood experiences and life opportunities: Shifting the narrative. Children and Youth Services Review, 72, 141–149. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.10.021
  • Moog, N. K., Buss, C., Entringer, S., Shahbaba, B., Gillen, D. L., Hobel, C. J., & Wadhwa, P. D. (2016 May 15). Maternal exposure to childhood trauma is associated during pregnancy with placental-fetal stress physiology. Biological Psychiatry, 79(10), 831–839. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.032
  • National Institute for Care and Clinical Excellence. (2020). Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management [Internet]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng133/resources/hypertension-in-pregnancy-diagnosis-and-management-pdf-66141717671365.
  • National Institute for Care and Clinical Excellence. (2021). Antenatal care: routine care for healthy pregnant women: NICE clinical guidelines [Internet]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng201/resources/antenatal-care-pdf-66143709695941.
  • Opsahl, T., Agneessens, F., & Skvoretz, J. (2010). Node centrality in weighted networks: Generalizing degree and shortest paths. Social Networking, 7. doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2010.03.006
  • Padula, A. M., Rivera-Núñez, Z., & Barrett, E. S. (2020 June). Combined impacts of prenatal environmental exposures and psychosocial stress on offspring health: Air pollution and metals. Current Environmental Health Reports, 7(2), 89–100. doi:10.1007/s40572-020-00273-6
  • Pereira-Morales, A. J., Adan, A., & Forero, D. A. (2019 March 4). Network analysis of multiple risk factors for mental health in young Colombian adults. Journal of Mental Health (Abingdon, England), 28(2), 153–160. doi:10.1080/09638237.2017.1417568
  • Pittara, T., Vyrides, A., Lamnisos, D., & Giannakou, K. (2021). Pre-eclampsia and long-term health outcomes for mother and infant: An umbrella review. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 128(9), 1421–1430. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.16683
  • Powell, T., Gheera, M., Foster, D., Long, R., & Kennedy, S. (2021). Early intervention: policy and provision [Internet]. House of Commons Library. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7647/CBP-7647.pdf.
  • Robinaugh, D. J., Hoekstra, R. H. A., Toner, E. R., & Borsboom, D. (2020 February). The network approach to psychopathology: A review of the literature 2008–2018 and an agenda for future research. Psychological Medicine, 50(3), 353–366. doi:10.1017/S0033291719003404
  • Robinaugh, D. J., Millner, A. J., & McNally, R. J. (2016). Identifying highly influential nodes in the complicated grief network. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(6), 747–757. doi:10.1037/abn0000181
  • Schouw, J. E. M. C., Verkes, R. J., Schene, A. H., & Schellekens, A. F. A. (2020 January). The relationship between childhood adversity and adult personality revealed by network analysis. Child Abuse & Neglect, 99, 104254. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104254
  • Smith, M. V., Gotman, N., & Yonkers, K. A. (2016 Apr). Early childhood adversity and pregnancy outcomes. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 20(4), 790–798. doi:10.1007/s10995-015-1909-5
  • Speyer, L. G., Hall, H. A., Ushakova, A., Murray, A. L., Luciano, M., & Auyeung, B. (2021). Links between perinatal risk factors and maternal psychological distress: A network analysis. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 100(5), 917–926. doi:10.1111/aogs.14056
  • Stanaway, J. D., Afshin, A., Gakidou, E., Lim, S. S., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., et al. (2018). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet, 392(10159), 1923–1994. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32225-6
  • Team RC. (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
  • Thorpe, K. (1993 Apr). A study of the use of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale with parent groups outside the postpartum period. Journal of Reproductive And infant Psychology, 11(2), 119–125. doi:10.1080/02646839308403204
  • United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2016). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
  • Valero de Bernabé, J., Soriano, T., Albaladejo, R., Juarranz, M., Calle, M. E., Martínez, D., et al. (2004 September). Risk factors for low birth weight: A review. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 116(1), 3–15. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.03.007
  • van Buuren, S., Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K., Robitzsch, A., Vink, G., Doove, L., & Jolani, S. (2015). Package ‘mice.’ Comput Softw.
  • Vial, A., van der Put, C., Stams, G. J., Kossakowski, J., & Assink, M. (2020 Sep 1). Exploring the interrelatedness of risk factors for child maltreatment: A network approach. Child Abuse & Neglect, 107, 104622. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104622
  • Vlaev, I., King, D., Dolan, P., & Darzi, A. (2016). The theory and practice of “nudging”: changing health behaviors. Public Administration Review, 76(4), 550–561. doi:10.1111/puar.12564
  • Vogel, J. P., Chawanpaiboon, S., Moller, A. B., Watananirun, K., Bonet, M., & Lumbiganon, P. (2018 October 1). The global epidemiology of preterm birth. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 52, 3–12. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.04.003
  • Weissgerber, T. L., & Mudd, L. M. (2015 March). Preeclampsia and diabetes. Current Diabetes Reports, 15(3), 579. doi:10.1007/s11892-015-0579-4
  • Williams, D. R., & Mohammed, S. A. (2013 August 1). Racism and health I: Pathways and scientific evidence. The American Behavioral Scientist, 57(8). doi:10.1177/0002764213487340
  • Woodby, L. L., Windsor, R. A., Snyder, S. W., Kohler, C. L., & Diclemente, C. C. (1999). Predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy. Addiction, 94(2), 283–292. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94228311.x
  • World Health Organization. (1977 January 1). Who: Recommended definitions, terminology and format for statistical tables related to the perinatal period and use of a new certificate for cause of perinatal deaths. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 56(3), 247–253.
  • World Health Organization. (2014). Adverse childhood experiences international questionnaire (ACE-IQ) guidance for analysing ACE-IQ. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization. (2016). INSPIRE: Seven strategies for ending violence against children [Internet]. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Retrieved from: http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/inspire/en.