Skin cancer awareness and sunscreen use among outpatients of a South African hospital: need for vigorous public education

References

• Stryker JE , Solky BA , Emmons KM . A content analysis of news coverage of skin cancer prevention and detection, 1979 to 2003. Arch Dermatol. 2005;141(4): 491–96.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aitken JF , Elwood M , Baade PD , et al . Clinical whole-body skin examination reduces the incidence of thick melanomas. Int J Cancer. 2010;126(2): 450–58.10.1002/ijc.v126:2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krige JEJ . Melanoma in black South Africans. S Afr J Surg. 2010;48(3): 74–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little EG , Eide MJ . Update on the current state of melanoma incidence. Dermatol Clin. 2012;30(3): 355–61.10.1016/j.det.2012.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxe N , Hoffman M , Krige JE , et al . Malignant melanoma in Cape Town, South Africa. Br J Dermatol. 1998;138(6): 998–1002.10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02266.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jessop S , Stubbings H , Sayed R , et al . Regional clinical registry data show increased incidence of cutaneous melanoma in Cape Town. S Afr Med J. 2008;98(3): 197–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isaacson C , Spector I . Malignant melanomas in the Eur-African-Malay population of South Africa. Am J Dermatopathol. 1987;9(2): 109–10.10.1097/00000372-198704000-00004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giraud RM , Rippey E , Rippey JJ . Malignant melanoma of the skin in Black Africans. S Afr Med J. 1975;49(16): 665–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson DA , Krige JE . Melanoma in black South Africans. J Am Coll Surg. 1995;180(1): 65–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lodder JV , Simson W , Becker PJ . Malignant melanoma of the skin in black South Africans: A 15-year experience. S Afr J Surg. 2010;48: 76–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson DA , Krige JE . Plantar melanoma in black South Africans. Br J Surg. 1993;80(8): 992–94.10.1002/(ISSN)1365-2168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu S , Parmet Y , Allen G , et al . Disparity in melanoma: a trend analysis of melanoma incidence and stage at diagnosis among whites, Hispanics, and blacks in Florida. Arch Dermatol. 2009;145(12): 1369–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gloster HM Jr , Neal K . Skin cancer in skin of color. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55(5): 741–60.10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrd KM , Wilson DC , Hoyler SS , et al . Advanced presentation of melanoma in African Americans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;50(1): 21–4.10.1016/S0190-9622(03)02091-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guy CY , Diab RD . A health risk assessment of ultraviolet radiation in Durban. S Afr Geogr J. 2002;84(2): 208–13.10.1080/03736245.2002.9713772
   Google Scholar
• Buster KJ , You Z , Fouad M , et al . Skin cancer risk perceptions: a comparison across ethnicity, age, education, gender, and income. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;66(5): 771–79.10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernon SW . Perception and risk communication for cancer screening behaviors: a review. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999;91(18): 101–19.10.1093/oxfordjournals.jncimonographs.a024184
   Google Scholar
• Alexis AF , Rossi A . Photoaging in skin of color. Cosmet Dermatol. 2011;24: 367–70.
   Google Scholar
• Rawlings AV . Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function? Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(2): 79–93.10.1111/ics.2006.28.issue-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li EP , Min HJ , Belk RW . Skin lightening and beauty in four Asian cultures. NA-Adv Consumer Res. 2008;35.
   Google Scholar
• Dlova N , Hamed S , Tsoka-Gwegweni J , et al . Skin lightening practices: an epidemiological study of South African women of African and Indian ancestries. Br J Dermatol. 2015;173(S2): 2–9.10.1111/bjd.13556
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naidoo L , Khoza N , Dlova NC . A fairer face, a fairer tomorrow? A review of skin lighteners. Cosmetics 2016;3(3): 33.10.3390/cosmetics3030033
   Google Scholar
• Thomas LM . Skin lighteners in South Africa: Transnational entanglements and technologies of the self. In: Shades of difference: Why skin color matters. 2009. p. 188–210.
   Google Scholar
• Ntambwe M . Mirror mirror on the wall, who is the fairest of them all. Sci Africa. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Hunter ML . Buying racial capital: Skin-bleaching and cosmetic surgery in a globalized world. JPAS. 2011;4(4): 142–64.
   Google Scholar
• Blay YA . Skin bleaching and global white supremacy: By way of introduction. JPAS. 2011;4(4): 4–46.
   Google Scholar
• Dadzie OE , Petit A . Skin bleaching: highlighting the misuse of cutaneous depigmenting agents. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23(7): 741–50.10.1111/jdv.2009.23.issue-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar