410
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Afrotemperate Amphibians in southern and eastern Africa: a critical review

Pages 5-20 | Received 21 Nov 2012, Accepted 08 Apr 2013, Published online: 22 May 2013

References

  • Barbour , T. and Loveridge , A. 1928 . A comparative study of the herpetological faunae of the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory . Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. , 50 : 87 – 265 .
  • Blackburn , D.C. and Measey , G.J. 2009 . Dispersal to or from an African biodiversity hotspot . Mol. Ecol. , 18 : 1904 – 1915 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04156.x
  • Brundin , L.Z. 1981 . “ Croizat's panbiogeography versus phylogenetic biogeography ” . In Vicariance Biogeography: A Critique , Edited by: Nelson , G. and Rosen , D.E. 94 – 138 . New York : Columbia University .
  • Channing , A. 1979 . Ecological and systematic relationships of Rana and Strongylopus in southern Natal (Amphibia: Anura) . Ann. Natal Mus. , 23 : 797 – 831 .
  • Channing , A. 1981 . Southern origin of the African genus Strongylopus Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia Ranidae) . Monit. Zool. Italiano N.S. Suppl. , 15 : 333 – 336 .
  • Channing , A. and Davenport , T.R.B. 2002 . A new stream frog from Tanzania (Anura: Ranidae: Strongylopus) . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 51 : 135 – 142 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2002.9635469
  • Clarke , B.T. 2001 . Towards a natural classification of African toads (Anura, Bufonidae): past progress and future prospects . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 50 : 19 – 30 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2001.9635447
  • Clarke , B.T. and Poynton , J.C. 2005 . A new species of stream frog, genus Strongylopus (Anura: Ranidae) from Mount Kilimanjaro Tanzania, with comments on a ‘northern volcanic mountains group’ within the genus . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 54 : 53 – 60 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2005.9635517
  • Clarke , B.T. and Poynton , J.C. 2012 . On the generic and specific identity of the holotype of Rana hymenopus Boulenger 1920 (Amphibia: Anura: Pyxicephalidae) . Zootaxa , 3195 : 51 – 56 .
  • Crowe , T. 1990 . “ A quantitative analysis of patterns of distribution, species richness and endemism in southern African vertebrates ” . In Vertebrates in the Tropics , Edited by: Peters , G. and Hutterer , R. 145 – 160 . Bonn : Alexander Koenig Zoological Research Institute and Zoological Museum .
  • Cunningham , M. and Cherry , M.I. 2000 . Mitochondrial DNA divergence in southern African bufonids: are species equivalent entities? . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 49 : 9 – 22 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2000.9650012
  • Darlington , P.J. 1957 . Zoogeography: the geographical distribution of animals . Wiley & Sons, New York ,
  • Frost , R. , Grant , T. , Faivovich , J. , Bain , R.H. Haas , A. 2006 . The amphibian tree of life . Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. , 297 : 1 – 370 . doi: 10.1206/0003-0090(2006)297[0001:TATOL]2.0.CO;2
  • Galley , C. , Bytebier , B. , Bellstedt , D.U. and Linder , H.P. 2007 . The Cape element in the Afrotemperate flora: from Cape to Cairo? . Proc. R. Soc. B. , 274 : 535 – 543 . doi: 10.1098/rspb.2006.0046
  • Gauld , I. and Underwood , G. 1986 . Some applications of the LeQuesne compatibility test . Biol. J. Linnean. Soc. , 29 : 191 – 222 . doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1986.tb01773.x
  • Grandison , A.C.G. 1981 . Morphology and phylogenetic position of the West African Didynamipus sjoestedii Anderson, 1903 (Anura Bufonidae) . Monit. Zool. Italiano N.S. Suppl. , 15 : 187 – 215 .
  • Griffiths , R. 1993 . “ The geological evolution of East Africa ” . In Biogeography and Ecology of the Rainforests of Eastern Africa , Edited by: Lovett , J.C. and Wasser , S.K. London : Cambridge University Press .
  • Handley , L. , O'Halloran , A. , Pearson , P.N. , Hawkins , E. , Nicholas , C.J. , Schouten , S. , Mcmillan , I.K. and Pancost , R.D. 2012 . Changes in the hydrological cycle in tropical East Africa during the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum . Palaeogeog., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. , 329–330 : 10 – 21 .
  • Hewitt , J. 1910 . The zoological region of southern Africa as deduced from the composition of its Lacertilia . Ann. Transv. Mus. , 2 : 56 – 71 .
  • Hewitt , J. 1923 . Remarks on the distribution of animals in South Africa . S. Afr. J. Sci. , 22 : 6 – 123 .
  • Holt , B.G. , Lessard , J.-P , Borrogaard , M.K. , Fritz , S.A. Araujo , M.B. 2013 . An update of Wallace's zoogeographic regions of the world . Science , 339 : 74 – 77 . doi: 10.1126/science.1228282
  • Inger , R.F. 1959 . “ Amphibia ” . In South African Animal Life 6 , Edited by: Hanström , B. , Brink , P. and Rudebeck , G. 510 – 553 . Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell .
  • Langergraber K.E. , K. Prüfer , C.R. Rowney , C. Boesch , C. Crockford , et al. . 2012 . Generation times in wild chimpanzees and gorillas suggest earlier divergence times in great ape and human evolution . PNAS 109 ( 39 ): 15 716 – 15 721 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211740109
  • Lawson , L.P. 2010 . The discordance if diversification: evolution in the tropical-montane frogs of the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania . Mol. Ecol. , 19 : 4046 – 4060 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04788.x
  • Lawson , L.P. 2013 . Diversification in a biodiversity hot spot: landscape correlates of phylogeographic patterns in the African spotted reed frog . Mol. Ecol. , 22 ( 7 ) : 1947 – 1960 . doi: 10.1111/mec.12229
  • Linder , H.P. 1990 . On the relationship between the vegetation and floras of the Afromontane and the Cape Regions of Africa . Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg , 23 : 777 – 790 .
  • Linder , H.P. , de Klerk , H.M. , Born , J. , Burgess , N.D. , Fjeldså , J. and Rahbek , C. 2012 . The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in sub-Saharan Africa . J. Biogeogr. , 39 : 1189 – 1205 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02728.x
  • Loader , S.P. , Wilkinson , M. , Cotton , J.A. , Measey , G.J. , Menegon , M. , Howell , K.M. , Müller , H. and Gower , D.J. 2011 . Molecular phylogenetics of Boulengerula (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) and implications for taxonomy, biogeography and conservation . Herpetol. J. , 21 : 5 – 16 .
  • Loader , S.P. , F.S. Ceccarelli , M. Wilkinson , M. Menegon , J. Mariaux , R.O. De sá , K.M. Howell & D.J. Gower . 2013 . Species boundaries and biogeography of East African torrent frogs of the genus Petropedetes (Amphibia: Anura: Petropeditidea) . Afr. J. Herpetol . 62 ( 1 ): 40 – 48 .
  • Lönnberg , E. 1907 . Reptilia and Batrachia. Separate from B.Y. Sjo"stedt 1910, Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro, dem Meru und den umgebenden Massai-steppen Deutsch-Ostafrikas, 1905–1906, unter Leitung von Prof . Dr. Yngve Sjöstedt; Hereausgegeben mit Unterstuötzung von der Königl. Schwedischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 4 Reptilia and Batrachia 1–28. P. Palmquists, Stockholm .
  • McCarthy , T. and Rubridge , B. 2005 . The Story of Earth and Life: A Southern African Perspective on a 4.6-billion-year Journey , Cape Town : Struik .
  • Minter , L.R. , M. Burger , J.A. Harrison , H.H. Braak , P.J. Bishop & D. Knoepfer 2004 . Atlas and Red Data Book of the Frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland . SI/Mab Series No. 9 Smithsonian Institution Press , Washington , DC .
  • Moreau , R.E. 1966 . The Bird Faunas of Africa and its Islands , London : Academic Press .
  • Morrone , J.J. 1996 . The biogeographical Andean sub-region: a proposal exemplified by arthropod taxa (Arachnida, Crustacea and Hexapoda) . Neotrópica , 42 : 103 – 114 .
  • Nieden , F. 1911 (1910) . Neue ostafrikanische Fröche . Sitzs. Ber. Ges. Naturf. Berlin , 1910 : 436 – 441 .
  • Noble , G.K. 1924 . Contributions to the herpetology of the Belgian Congo, based on a collection in the American Museum Congo Expedition 1909–1915 . Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. , 49 : 147 – 347 .
  • Olago , D.O. 2001 . Vegetation changes over palaeo-time scales in Africa . Clim. Res. , 17 : 105 – 121 . doi: 10.3354/cr017105
  • Olivero , J. , Real , R. and Márquez , A.L. 2011 . Fuzzy chorotypes as a conceptual tool to improve insight into biogeographic patterns . Syst. Biol. , 60 : 645 – 660 . doi: 10.1093/sysbio/syr026
  • Plötner , J. , Öhler , F. K , Uzzell , T. and Beerli , P. 2007 . “ Molecular systematics of amphibians ” . In Amphibian Biology vol. 7 Systematics , Edited by: Heatwole , H. and Tyler , M.J. 2672 – 2756 . Australia : Beatty & Sons, Chipping North .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1962 . Zoogeography of eastern Africa: an outline based on anuran distribution . Nature , 194 : 1217 – 1219 . doi: 10.1038/1941217a0
  • Poynton , J.C. 1964a . The Amphibia of southern Africa: a faunal study . Ann. Natal Mus. , 17 : 1 – 334 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1964b . Amphibia of the Nyasa-Luangwa region of Africa . Senck. Biol. , 45 : 193 – 225 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1967 . Santa Rosalia in Africa or why are there so many African birds? . S. Afr. J. Sci. , 63 : 471 – 479 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1969 . Optimum temperatures and amphibian distribution in south-east Africa . Palaeoecol. Afr. , 4 : 162 – 262 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1983 . The dispersal versus vicariance debate in biogeography . Bothalia , 14 : 455 – 460 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1989 . Evolutionary activity in the southern part of Africa: evidence from the Amphibia . J. Herp. Assoc. Afr. , 36 : 2 – 6 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1994 . Investigating biogeographical patterns: small steps between the obvious and the obscure . J. Herp. Assoc. Afr. , 44 : 1 – 5 .
  • Poynton , J.C. 1999 . “ Distribution of amphibians in Subsaharan Africa, Madagascar and Seychelles ” . In Patterns of Distribution of Amphibians: A Global Perspective , Edited by: Duellman , W.E. 483 – 539 . Baltimore & London : Johns Hopkins University Press .
  • Poynton , J.C. 2000 . Evidence for an Afrotemperate amphibian fauna . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 49 : 33 – 41 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2000.9650014
  • Poynton , J.C. 2004a . Review of Atlas and Red Data Book of the Frogs of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Edited by LR. Minter, M. Burger, J.A. Harrison, H.H. Braak, P.J. Bishop & D. Kloepfer . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 53 : 193 – 196 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2004.9635496
  • Poynton , J.C. 2004b . Stream frogs in Tanzania (Ranidae: Strongylopus): the case of S. merumontanus and S. fuelleborni . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 53 : 29 – 34 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2004.9635496
  • Poynton , J.C. and Broadley , D.G. 1967 . A new species of Probeviceps (Amphibia) from Rhodesia . Arnoldia , 3 ( 14 ) : 1 – 3 .
  • Poynton , J.C. and Broadley , D.G. 1985a . Amphibia Zambesiaca 1. Scolecomorphidae, Pipidae, Microhylidae, Hemisidae, Arthroleptidae . Ann. Natal Mus. , 26 : 503 – 553 .
  • Poynton , J.C. and Broadley , D.G. 1985b . Amphibia Zambesiaca 2. Ranidae . Ann. Natal Mus. , 27 : 15 – 181 .
  • Poynton , J.C. and Lambiris , A.J.L. 1998 . On Bufo pantherinus A. Smith, 1828 (Anura:Bufonidae), the leopard toad of the southwestern Cape, South Africa, with the designation of a neotype . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 47 : 3 – 12 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.1998.9649994
  • Poynton , J.C. , Loader , S.P. , Sherratt , E. and Clarke , B.T. 2007 . Amphibian diversity in East African biodiversity hotspots: altitudinal and latitudinal patterns . Biodivers. Conserv. , 16 : 1103 – 1118 . doi: 10.1007/s10531-006-9074-1
  • Pyron , R.A. and Wiens , J.J. 2011 . A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians . Mol. Phylo. Evol. , 61 : 543 – 586 . doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.012
  • Schreiner , C. , D. Rödder , & G.J. Measey . 2013 . Using modern models to test Poynton's predictions . Afr. J. Herpetol . 62 ( 1 ): 49 – 62 .
  • Scott , E. 2005 . A phylogeny of ranid frogs (Anura: Ranoidea: Ranidae), based on a simultaneous analysis of morphological and molecular data . Cladistics , 21 : 507 – 574 . doi: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2005.00079.x
  • Seymour , C.L. , Klerk , H.M. DE , Channing , A. and Crowe , T.M. 2001 . The biogeography of the Anura of sub-equatorial Africa and the prioritisation of areas for their conservation . Biodiv. Conserv. , 10 : 2045 – 2076 . doi: 10.1023/A:1013137409896
  • Tandy , R.M. 1972 . The evolution of African Bufo . Unpubl PhD Thesis , University of Texas , Austin .
  • Tolley , K.A. , Braae , A. and Cunningham , M. 2010 . Phylogeography of the Clicking Stream Frog Strongylopus grayii (Anura, Pyxicephalidae) reveals cryptic divergence across climatic zones in an abundant and widespread taxon . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 59 : 17 – 32 . doi: 10.1080/04416651003744943
  • Tolley , K.A. , Tilbury , C.R. , Measey , G.J. , Menegon , M. , Branch , W.R. and Mathee , C.A. 2011 . Ancient forest fragmentation or recent radiation? Testing refugia speciation models in chameleons within an African biodiversity hotspot . J. Biogeogr. , 38 : 1748 – 1760 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02529.x
  • Udvardy , M.D.F. 1975 . A classification of the biogeographical provinces of the world . IUCN Occ. Pap. 18 .
  • Van Bocxlaer , I. , K. Roelants , S.D. Biju , J. Nagaraju & F. Bossuyt . 2006 . Late Cretaceous vicariance in Gondwanan amphibians . PLoS ONE 1 e74 : 1 – 6 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000001
  • Van Bocxlaer , I. , S.P. Loader , K. Roelants , S.D. Biju , M. Menegon & F. Bossuyt . 2010 . Gradual adaptation towards a range-expansion phenotype initiated the global radiation of toads . Science 327 : 679 – 682 +supporting online material . doi: 10.1126/science.1181707
  • Van Der Meijden , A. , Vences , M. , Hoegg , S. and Meyer , A. 2005 . A previously unrecognized radiation of ranid frogs in Southern Africa revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences . Mole. Phylo. Evol. , 37 : 674 – 685 . doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.001
  • Van Der Meijden , A. , Crottini , A. , Tarrant , J. , Turner , A. and Vences , M. 2011 . Multi-locus phylogeny and evolution of reproductive modes in the Pyxicephalidae, an African endemic clade of frogs . Afr. J. Herpetol. , 60 : 1 – 12 . doi: 10.1080/21564574.2010.523904
  • White , F. 1965 . The savanna woodlands of the Zambezian and Sudanian Domains: an ecological and phytogeographical comparison . Webbia , 19 : 651 – 681 .
  • Wichura , H. , Bousquet , R. , Oberhänsli , R. , Strecker , M.R. and Trauth , M.H. 2011 . “ The Mid-Miocene East African Plateau: a pre-rift topographic model inferred from emplacement of the phonolitic Yatta lava flow, Kenya ” . In The Formation and Evolution of Africa: A Synopsis of 3.8 Ga of Earth History , Edited by: van Hinsbergen , D.J.J. , Buiter , S.J.H. , Torsvik , T.H. , Gaina , C. and Webb , S.J. 285 – 300 . London : Geological Society .
  • Wilkinson , P. , Mitchell , J.G. , Cattermole , P.J. and Downie , C. 1986 . Volcanic chronology of the Meru–Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania . J. Geol. Soc. Lond. , 143 : 601 – 605 . doi: 10.1144/gsjgs.143.4.0601
  • Zhan , L. and Lu , X. 2012 . Amphibians live longer at higher altitudes but not at higher latitudes . Biol. J. Linn. Soc. , 106 : 623 – 632 . doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01876.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.