221
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Attitudes towards harm reduction amongst social work professionals in three geographical areas in Sweden

&
Received 04 Apr 2023, Accepted 08 May 2024, Published online: 27 May 2024

References

  • Alanko Blomé, M., P. Björkman, L. Flamholc, H. Jacobsson, and A. Widell. 2017. “Vaccination Against Hepatitis B Virus Among People Who Inject Drugs – a 20-year Experience from a Swedish Needle Exchange Program.” Vaccine 35 (1): 84–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.11.041.
  • Aletraris, L., M. Bond Edmond, M. Paino, D. Fields, and P. M. Roman. 2016. “Counselor Training and Attitudes Toward Pharmacotherapies for Opioid Use Disorder.” Substance Abuse 37 (1): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2015.1062457.
  • Andersen, D., and M. Järvinen. 2007. “Harm Reduction – Ideals and Paradoxes.” Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 24 (3): 235–252. https://doi.org/10.1177/145507250702400301.
  • Andersson, L., and B. Johnson. 2020. “Patient Choice As a Means of Empowerment in Opioid Substitution Treatment: A Case from Sweden.” Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy 27 (2): 105–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2019.1591342.
  • Appel, P. W., A. A. Ellison, H. K. Jansky, and R. Oldak. 2004. “Barriers to Enrollment in Drug Abuse Treatment and Suggestions for Reducing Them: Opinions of Drug Injecting Street Outreach Clients and Other System Stakeholders.” The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 30 (1): 129–153. https://doi.org/10.1081/ADA-120029870.
  • Beletsky, L., R. Ruthazer, G. E. Macalino, J. D. Rich, L. Tan, and S. Burris. 2007. “Physicians’ Knowledge of and Willingness to Prescribe Naloxone to Reverse Accidental Opiate Overdose: Challenges and Opportunities.” Journal of Urban Health 84 (1): 126–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-006-9120-z.
  • Brocato, J., and E. F. Wagner. 2003. “Harm Reduction: A Social Work Practice Model and Social Justice Agenda.” Health & Social Work 28 (2): 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/28.2.117.
  • Brown, A. R. 2022. “Health Professionals’ Attitudes Toward Medications for Opioid Use Disorder.” Substance Abuse 43 (1): 598–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1975872.
  • Christensson, B., and B. Ljungberg. 1991. “Syringe Exchange for Prevention of HIV Infection in Sweden: Practical Experiences and Community Reactions.” International Journal of the Addictions 26 (12): 1293–1302. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826089109062161.
  • Ciccarelli, T., M. Soberman, T. Leshuk, H. Cole, F. Afreen, and L. A. Manwell. 2021. “Is Cleanliness Next to Abstinence? The Effect of Cleanliness Priming on Attitudes Towards Harm Reduction Strategies for People with Substance Use Disorders.” International Journal of Psychology 56 (2): 322–330. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12703.
  • Ding, L., B. E. Landon, I. B. Wilson, M. D. Wong, M. F. Shapiro, and P. D. Cleary. 2005. “Predictors and Consequences of Negative Physician Attitudes Toward HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users.” Archives of Internal Medicine 165 (6): 618. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.6.618.
  • Ekendahl, M. 2011. “Socialtjänst Och Missbrukarvård: Bot Eller Lindring?” Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 28 (4): 297–319. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10199-011-0027-y.
  • EMCDDA - European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. 2020. European Drug Report : Trends and Developments. Luxemboug: Publications office of the European Union.
  • Eriksson, L., and J. Edman. 2017. “Knowledge, Values, and Needle Exchange Programs in Sweden.” Contemporary Drug Problems 44 (2): 105–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091450917700143.
  • Estreet, A., M. T. T. Paul Archibald, S. Goodman, and T. Cudjoe. 2017. “Exploring Social Work Student Education: The Effect of a Harm Reduction Curriculum on Student Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Opioid Use Disorders.” Substance Abuse 38 (4): 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2017.1341447.
  • Eversman, M. H. 2012. “Harm Reduction in MSW Substance Abuse Courses.” Journal of Teaching in Social Work 32 (4): 392–405. https://doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2012.703984.
  • Fenster, J., and K. Monti. 2017. “Can a Course Change Social Work Students’ Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction as a Treatment Option for Substance Use Disorders?” Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 35 (1): 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2016.1257895.
  • Goddard, P. 2003. “Changing Attitudes Towards Harm Reduction Among Treatment Professionals: A Report from the American Midwest.” International Journal of Drug Policy 14 (3): 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3959(03)00075-6.
  • Green, T. C., S. E. Bowman, N. D. Zaller, M. Ray, P. Case, and R. Heimer. 2013. “Barriers to Medical Provider Support for Prescription Naloxone as Overdose Antidote for Lay Responders.” Substance Use & Misuse 48 (7): 558–567. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.787099.
  • Gunne, L. M. 1983. “The Case of the Swedish Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programme.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 11 (1): 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(83)90104-7.
  • Hatzenbuehler, M. L., J. C. Phelan, and B. G. Link. 2013. “Stigma as a Fundamental Cause of Population Health Inequalities.” American Journal of Public Health 103 (5): 813–821. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301069.
  • Havranek, J. E., and J. R. Stewart. 2006. “Rehabilitation Counselors’ Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction Measures.” Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 37 (1): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.37.1.38.
  • Heller, D., K. McCoy, and C. Cunningham. 2004. “An Invisible Barrier to Integrating HIV Primary Care with Harm Reduction Services: Philosophical Clashes Between the Harm Reduction and Medical Models.” Public Health Reports 119 (1): 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/003335490411900109.
  • Hoffmann, N. G., A. J. Chang, and D. C. Lewis. 2000. “Medical Student Attitudes Toward Drug Addiction Policy.” Journal of Addictive Diseases 19 (3): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1300/J069v19n03_01.
  • Holeksa, J. 2022. “Dealing with Low Access to Harm Reduction: A Qualitative Study of the Strategies and Risk Environments of People Who Use Drugs in a Small Swedish City.” Harm Reduction Journal 19 (1): 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-022-00602-y.
  • Housenbold Sieger, B. 2005. “An Exploratory Study of Social Workers’ Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction with Substance Abusing Individuals Utilizing the Substance Abuse Treatment Survey (SATS) (New York University Dissertations Publishing).”
  • Hyshka, E., H. Morris, J. Anderson-Baron, L. Nixon, K. Dong, and G. Salvalaggio. 2019. “Patient Perspectives on a Harm Reduction-Oriented Addiction Medicine Consultation Team Implemented in a Large Acute Care Hospital.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 204:107523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.025.
  • Järvinen, M. 2006. “Mötet Mellan Klient Och System - Om Forskning i Socialt Arbete.” Dansk Sociologi 13 (2): 73–84. https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v13i2.493.
  • Javadi, R., K. Lagana, T. Krowicki, D. Bennett, and B. Schindler. 2021. “Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction Among Substance Use Treatment Professionals in Philadelphia.” Journal of Substance Use 27 (5): 459–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2021.1961320.
  • Johnson, B. 2007. “After the Storm: Developments in Maintenance Treatment Policy and Practice in Sweden 1987–2006.” In On the Margins: Nordic Alcohol and Drug Treatment 1885– 2007, edited by J. Edman and K. Stenius. Helsinki: NAD Publications 259–287.
  • Keane, H. 2003. “Critiques of Harm Reduction, Morality and the Promise of Human Rights.” International Journal of Drug Policy 14 (3): 227–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00151-2.
  • Knudsen, H. K., L. J. Ducharme, P. M. Roman, and T. Link. 2005. “Buprenorphine Diffusion: The Attitudes of Substance Abuse Treatment Counselors.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 29 (2): 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2005.05.002.
  • Lago, R. R., E. Peter, and C. Maria Bógus. 2017. “Harm Reduction and Tensions in Trust and Distrust in a Mental Health Service: A Qualitative Approach.” Substance Abuse: Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 12 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-017-0098-1.
  • Ledberg, A. 2017. “Mortality Related to Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Stockholm, Sweden, During 2006–2013.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 74:35–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2016.12.005.
  • Lee, H. S., and S. R. Petersen. 2009. “Demarginalizing the Marginalized in Substance Abuse Treatment: Stories of Homeless, Active Substance Users in an Urban Harm Reduction Based Drop-In Center.” Addiction Research and Theory 17 (6): 622–636. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066350802168613.
  • Maccoun, R. J., P. Reuter, J. Kahan, T. Schelling, L. Dair, P. Green-Wood, J. Caulkins, N. Kerr, S. Garber, and H. Gras-Mick. 1993. “Drugs and the Law: A Psychological Analysis of Drug Prohibition.” Psychological Bulletin 113 (3): 497–512. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.113.3.497.
  • Macneil, J., and B. Pauly. 2011. “Needle Exchange as a Safe Haven in an Unsafe World.” Drug and Alcohol Review 30 (1): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2010.00188.x.
  • McKeganey, N. 2006. “The Lure and the Loss of Harm Reduction in UK Drug Policy and Practice.” Addiction Research & Theory 14 (6): 557–588. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350601002369.
  • McNeece, A. C. 2003. “After the War on Drugs Is Over.” Journal of Social Work Education 39 (2): 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2003.10779131.
  • Moore, D., and S. Fraser. 2006. “Putting at Risk What We Know: Reflecting on the Drug-Using Subject in Harm Reduction and Its Political Implications.” Social Science and Medicine 62 (12): 3035–3047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.067.
  • Moore, S. K., and M. A. Mattaini. 2014. “US Social Work Students’ Attitudes Shift Favorably Towards a Harm Reduction Approach to Alcohol and Other Drugs Practice: The Effectiveness of Consequence Analysis.” Social Work Education 33 (6): 788–804. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2014.919106.
  • Muzyk, A., Z. P. W. Smothers, K. M. Andolsek, M. Bradner, J. P. Bratberg, S. A. Clark, K. Collins, et al. 2020. “Interprofessional Substance Use Disorder Education in Health Professions Education Programs.” Academic Medicine 95 (3): 470–480. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000003053.
  • Myles, A., G. J. Mugford, J. Zhao, M. Krahn, and P. Peter Wang. 2011. “Physicians’ Attitudes and Practice Toward Treating Injection Drug Users Infected with Hepatitis C Virus: Results from a National Specialist Survey in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 25 (3): 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/810108.
  • Neale, J., C. Tompkins, and L. Sheard. 2007. “Barriers to Accessing Generic Health and Social Care Services: A Qualitative Study of Injecting Drug Users.” Health & Social Care in the Community 16 (2): 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2007.00739.x.
  • Nordgren, J., and T. Richert. 2022. “Risk Environments of People Who Use Drugs During the COVID-19 Pandemic – the View of Social Workers and Health Care Professionals in Sweden.” Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy 29 (3): 297–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2022.2051435.
  • Ogborne, A. C., and C. Birchmore-Timney. 1998. “Support for Harm-Reduction Among Staff of Specialized Addiction Treatment Services in Ontario, Canada.” Drug and Alcohol Review 17 (1): 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/09595239800187591.
  • Olsen, Y., and J. M. Sharfstein. 2014. “Confronting the Stigma of Opioid Use Disorder—And Its Treatment.” JAMA 311 (14): 1393. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.2147.
  • Ostertag, S., B. R. E. Wright, R. S. Broadhead, and F. L. Altice. 2006. “Trust and Other Characteristics Associated with Health Care Utilization by Injection Drug Users.” Journal of Drug Issues 36 (4): 953–974. https://doi.org/10.1177/002204260603600409.
  • Pauly, B. 2008. “Shifting Moral Values to Enhance Access to Health Care: Harm Reduction As a Context for Ethical Nursing Practice.” International Journal of Drug Policy 19 (3): 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.02.009.
  • Perloff, R. M. 2020. The Dynamics of Persuasion: Communication and Attitudes in the Twenty-First Century. 7th ed. New York: Routledge.
  • Rance, J., and C. Treloar. 2014. “‘Not Just Methadone Tracy’: Transformations in Service-User Identity Following the Introduction of Hepatitis C Treatment into Australian Opiate Substitution Settings.” Addiction 109 (3): 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12392.
  • Richard, E. L., C. A. Schalkoff, H. M. Piscalko, D. L. Brook, A. L. Sibley, K. E. Lancaster, W. C. Miller, and V. F. Go. 2020. “‘You Are Not Clean Until You’re Not on Anything’: Perceptions of Medication-Assisted Treatment in Rural Appalachia.” International Journal of Drug Policy 85:102704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102704.
  • Richert, T., and B. Johnson. 2015. “Long-Term Self-Treatment with Methadone or Buprenorphine as a Response to Barriers to Opioid Substitution Treatment: The Case of Sweden.” Harm Reduction Journal 12 (1): 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-015-0037-2.
  • Richert, T., A. Stallwitz, and J. Nordgren. 2023. “Harm Reduction Social Work with People Who Use Drugs: A Qualitative Interview Study with Social Workers in Harm Reduction Services in Sweden.” Harm Reduction Journal 20 (1): 146. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-023-00884-w.
  • Rivera, A. V., J. DeCuir, N. D. Crawford, S. Amesty, and C. Fuller Lewis. 2014. “Internalized Stigma and Sterile Syringe Use Among People Who Inject Drugs in New York City, 2010-2012.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence 144:259–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.778.
  • Roe, G. 2005. “Harm Reduction as Paradigm: Is Better Than Bad Good Enough? The Origins of Harm Reduction.” Critical Public Health 15 (3): 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581590500372188.
  • Russell, C., J. B. Davies, and S. C. Hunter. 2011. “Predictors of Addiction Treatment Providers’ Beliefs in the Disease and Choice Models of Addiction.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 40 (2): 150–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2010.09.006.
  • Schulte, B., C. Sybille Schmidt, O. Kuhnigk, I. Schäfer, B. Fischer, H. Wedemeyer, and J. Reimer. 2013. “Structural Barriers in the Context of Opiate Substitution Treatment in Germany - a Survey Among Physicians in Primary Care.” Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 8 (1): 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-8-26.
  • Sheridan, J., P. Adams, C. Bullen, and D. Newcombe. 2018. “An Evaluation of a Harm Reduction Summer School for Undergraduate Health Professional Students.” Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy 25 (2): 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2016.1262824.
  • Skogens, L. 2005. “Om Personliga Faktorers Betydelse För Socialarbetares Agerande Vid Tecken På Alkoholproblem Hos Klienter.” Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 22 (5): 317–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/145507250502200508.
  • Socialstyrelsen. n.d. “Statistikdatabas för dödsorsaker.” https://sdb.socialstyrelsen.se/if_dor/val.aspx.
  • Sulzer, S. H., S. Prevedel, T. Barrett, M. Wright Voss, C. Manning, and E. Fanning Madden. 2021. “Professional Education to Reduce Provider Stigma Toward Harm Reduction and Pharmacotherapy.” Drugs: Education, Prevention & Policy 29 (5): 576–586. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2021.1936457.
  • Treloar, C., J. Rance, K. Yates, and L. Mao. 2016. “Trust and People Who Inject Drugs: The Perspectives of Clients and Staff of Needle Syringe Programs.” International Journal of Drug Policy 27:138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.08.018.
  • Troberg, K., P. Isendahl, M. Alanko Blomé, D. Dahlman, and A. Håkansson. 2020. “Protocol for a Multi-Site Study of the Effects of Overdose Prevention Education with Naloxone Distribution Program in Skåne County, Sweden.” BMC Psychiatry 20 (1): 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-2470-3.
  • Tryggvesson, K. 2012. “”Sprutbyte – Visst Bara de Slutar Med Droger”. Svenska Myndigheters Och Politikers Hantering Av Rena Sprutor till Narkomaner.” Nordic Studies on Alcohol & Drugs 29 (5): 519–540. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10199-012-0044-5.
  • Vakharia, S. P., and J. Little. 2017. “Starting Where the Client Is: Harm Reduction Guidelines for Clinical Social Work Practice.” Clinical Social Work Journal 45 (1): 65–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-016-0584-3.
  • van Boekel, L. C., P. M. B. Evelien, J. van Weeghel, and F. L. G. Henk. 2013. “Stigma Among Health Professionals Towards Patients with Substance Use Disorders and Its Consequences for Healthcare Delivery: Systematic Review.” Drug & Alcohol Dependence 131 (1–2): 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018.
  • von Reis, T., and V. Wendel. 2022. “Socialsekreterare i svensk beroendevård—En komplex praktik med svårförenliga logiker: En kvalitativ intervjustudie av myndighetsutövande socialsekreterares balansering av olika intressen i socialtjänstarbete med vuxna substansbrukare.” Dissertation, Stockholm University. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-205404.
  • Wallander, L., and J. Blomqvist. 2009. “Modeling Ideal Treatment Recommendations: A Factorial Survey of Swedish Social Workers’ Ideal Recommendations of Inpatient or Outpatient Treatment for Problem Substance Users.” Journal of Social Service Research 35 (1): 47–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488370802477436.
  • Winograd, R. P., C. S. Davis, M. Niculete, E. Oliva, and R. P. Martielli. 2017. “Medical Providers’ Knowledge and Concerns About Opioid Overdose Education and Take-Home Naloxone Rescue Kits within Veterans Affairs Health Care Medical Treatment Settings.” Substance Abuse 38 (2): 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2017.1303424.