Changes in Walking Characteristics of Young and Older Adults When Anticipating Slippery Floors

REFERENCES

• Bhatt , T. , Wening , J. D. and Pai , Y. C. 2005 . Influence of gait speed on stability: Recovery from anterior slips and compensatory stepping . Gait & Posture , 21 ( 2 ) : 146 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buck , P. C. and Coleman , V. P. 1985 . Slipping, tripping and falling accidents at work: A national picture . Ergonomics , 28 ( 7 ) : 949 – 958 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cesari , M. , Kritchevsky , S. B. , Penninx , B. W. , Nicklas , B. J. , Simonsick , E. M. , Newman , A. B. and Pahor , M. 2005 . Prognostic value of usual gait speed in well-functioning older people—results from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 53 ( 10 ) : 1675 – 1680 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cham , R. and Redfern , M. S. 2002 . Changes in gait when anticipating slippery floors . Gait & Posture , 15 ( 2 ) : 159 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlin , M. E. , Fulwider , B. D. , Sanders , S. L. and Medeiros , J. M. 2005 . Does fear of falling influence spatial and temporal gait parameters in elderly persons beyond changes associated with normal aging? . Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences , 60 ( 9 ) : 1163 – 1167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chambers , A. J. and Cham , R. 2007 . Slip-related muscle activation patterns in the stance leg during walking . Gait & Posture , 25 ( 4 ) : 565 – 572 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corso , P. , Finkelstein , E. , Miller , T. , Fiebelkorn , I. and Zaloshnja , E. 2006 . Incidence and lifetime costs of injuries in the United States . Injury Prevention , 12 ( 4 ) : 212 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Courtney , T. K. , Sorock , G. S. , Manning , D. P. , Collins , J. W. and Holbein-Jenny , M. A. 2001 . Occupational slip, trip, and fall-related injuries—can the contribution of slipperiness be isolated? . Ergonomics , 44 ( 13 ) : 1118 – 1137 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cromwell , R. L. and Newton , R. A. 2004 . Relationship between balance and gait stability in healthy older adults . Journal of Aging and Physical Activity , 12 ( 1 ) : 90 – 100 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delbaere , K. , Sturnieks , D. L. , Crombez , G. and Lord , S. R. 2009 . Concern about falls elicits changes in gait parameters in conditions of postural threat in older people . Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences , 64 ( 2 ) : 237 – 242 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espy , D. D. , Yang , F. , Bhatt , T. and Pai , Y. C. 2010 . Independent influence of gait speed and step length on stability and fall risk . Gait & Posture , 32 ( 3 ) : 378 – 382 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy , S. E. , Perera , S. , Roumani , Y. F. , Chandler , J. M. and Studenski , S. A. 2007 . Improvement in usual gait speed predicts better survival in older adults . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 55 ( 11 ) : 1727 – 1734 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hausdorff , J. M. , Rios , D. A. and Edelberg , H. K. 2001 . Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: A 1-year prospective study . Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 82 ( 8 ) : 1050 – 1056 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerrigan , D. C. , Lee , L. W. , Collins , J. J. , Riley , P. O. and Lipsitz , L. A. 2001 . Reduced hip extension during walking: Healthy elderly and fallers versus young adults . Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 82 ( 1 ) : 26 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , S. , Lockhart , T. and Yoon , H. Y. 2005 . Relationship between age-related gait adaptations and required coefficient of friction . Safety Science , 43 ( 7 ) : 425 – 436 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laufer , Y. 2005 . Effect of age on characteristics of forward and backward gait at preferred and accelerated walking speed . Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences , 60 ( 5 ) : 627 – 632 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberty Mutual . 2012 . 2012 Workplace safety index Hopkinton , MA
   Google Scholar
• Lockhart , T. E. and Kim , S. 2006 . Relationship between hamstring activation rate and heel contact velocity: Factors influencing age-related slip-induced falls . Gait & Posture , 24 ( 1 ) : 23 – 34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockhart , T. E. , Spaulding , J. M. and Park , S. H. 2007 . Age-related slip avoidance strategy while walking over a known slippery floor surface . Gait & Posture , 26 ( 1 ) : 142 – 149 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lord , S. R. , Lloyd , D. G. and Li , S. K. 1996 . Sensori-motor function, gait patterns and falls in community-dwelling women . Age and Ageing , 25 ( 4 ) : 292 – 299 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maki , B. E. 1997 . Gait changes in older adults: Predictors of falls or indicators of fear . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 45 ( 3 ) : 313 – 320 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGibbon , C. A. and Krebs , D. E. 2001 . Age-related changes in lower trunk coordination and energy transfer during gait . Journal of Neurophysiology , 85 ( 5 ) : 1923 – 1931 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menz , H. B. , Lord , S. R. and Fitzpatrick , R. C. 2003 . Age-related differences in walking stability . Age and Ageing , 32 ( 2 ) : 137 – 142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menz , H. B. , Lord , S. R. and Fitzpatrick , R. C. 2007 . A structural equation model relating impaired sensorimotor function, fear of falling and gait patterns in older people . Gait & Posture , 25 ( 2 ) : 243 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moyer , B. E. , Chambers , A. J. , Redfern , M. S. and Cham , R. 2006 . Gait parameters as predictors of slip severity in younger and older adults . Ergonomics , 49 ( 4 ) : 329 – 343 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myung , R. and Smith , J. L. 1997 . The effect of load carrying and floor contaminants on slip and fall parameters . Ergonomics , 40 ( 2 ) : 235 – 246 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Connor , C. M. , Thorpe , S. K. , O’Malley , M. J. and Vaughan , C. L. 2007 . Automatic detection of gait events using kinematic data . Gait & Posture , 25 ( 3 ) : 469 – 474 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrosky , K. M. , VanSwearingen , J. M. , Burdett , R. G. and Gee , Z. 1994 . A comparison of gait characteristics in young and old subjects . Physical Therapy , 74 ( 7 ) : 637 – 644 . 644–636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pavol , M. J. , Runtz , E. F. and Pai , Y. C. 2004 . Young and older adults exhibit proactive and reactive adaptations to repeated slip exposure . Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences , 59 ( 5 ) : 494 – 502 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redfern , M. S. , Cham , R. , Gielo-Perczak , K. , Gronqvist , R. , Hirvonen , M. , Lanshammar , H. and Powers , C. 2001 . Biomechanics of slips . Ergonomics , 44 ( 13 ) : 1138 – 1166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redfern , M. S. and DiPasquale , J. 1997 . Biomechanics of descending ramps . Gait & Posture , 6 ( 2 ) : 119 – 125 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverstein , M. 2008 . Meeting the challenges of an aging workforce . American Journal of Industrial Medicine , 51 ( 4 ) : 269 – 280 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinetti , M. E. and Williams , C. S. 1997 . Falls, injuries due to falls, and the risk of admission to a nursing home . New England Journal of Medicine , 337 ( 18 ) : 1279 – 1284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Labor–Bureau of Labor Statistics . 2009 . Survey of occupational injuries and illnesses, cases involving days away from work Washington , DC
   Google Scholar
• Woollacott , M. H. and Tang , P. F. 1997 . Balance control during walking in the older adult: Research and its implications . Physical Therapy , 77 ( 6 ) : 646 – 660 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You , J. , Chou , Y. , Lin , C. and Su , F. 2001 . Effect of slip on movement of body center of mass relative to base of support . Clinical Biomechanics , 16 ( 2 ) : 167 – 173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar