Soil hydrophysical degradation associated with forest operations

References

• Aust WM, Tippett MD, Burger JA, McKee WH. 1995. Compaction and rutting during harvesting affect better drained soils more than poorly drained soils on wet pine flats. South J Appl For. 19:72–77.
   Google Scholar
• Brady NC, Weil RR. 2002. Elements of the nature and properties of soils. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall; p. 624.
   Google Scholar
• Christopher E, Visser R. 2007. Methodology for evaluating postharvest erosion risk for the protection of water quality. New Zealand J For Sci. 54:20–25. [online] URL:http://www.nzjf.org/free_issues/NZJF52_2_2007/09BD57F4-FF32-4095-A22E-50579B1F1CE4.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Craig RF. 2004. Soil mechanics. 7th ed. London (UK): Spon Press. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data; p. 447.
   Google Scholar
• Corns IGW. 1988. Compaction by forestry equipment and effects on coniferous seedling growth on four soils in the Alberta foothills. Can J For Res. 18:75–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullen J, Montagne C, Fergusen H. 1991. Timber harvest trafficking and soil compaction in Western Montana. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 55:1416–1421.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czyz EA. 2004. Effects of traffic on soil aeration, bulk density and growth of spring barley. Soil Till Res. 79:153–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donagh P, Rivero L, Garibaldi J, Alvez M, Cortez P, Marek M. 2010. Effects of selective harvesting on traffic pattern and soil compaction in a subtropical forest in Guarani, Misiones, Argentine. Sci For Piracicaba. 38(85):115–124.
   Google Scholar
• Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization of Iran. 2002. A guideline for locating the landings and the skid trails. 221:35.
   Google Scholar
• Greacen EL, Sands R. 1980. Compaction of forest soils- a review. Aust J Soils Res. 18:163–189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grigal DF. 2000. Effects of extensive forest management on soil productivity. For Ecol Manag. 138:169–187.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han HS, Kellogg LD. 2000. Damage characteristics in young Douglas-fir stands from commercial thinning with four timber harvesting systems. West J Appl For. 15(1):27−33.
   Google Scholar
• Han SK, Han HS, Page Dumroese DS, Johnson LR. 2009. Soil compaction associated with cut to length and whole tree harvesting of coniferous forest. Can J For Res. 39:976–989.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heninger R, Scott W, Dobkowski A, Miller R, Anderson H, Duke S. 2002. Soil disturbance and 10-year growth response of coast Douglas-fir on nontilled skid trails in the Oregon Cascades. Can J For Res. 32:233–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horn R, Vossbrink J, Becker S. 2004. Modern forestry vehicles and their impacts on soil physical properties. Soil Till Res. 79(2):207–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamshidi R, Jaeger D, Raafatnia N, Tabari M. 2008. Influence of two ground-based skidding systems on soil compaction under different slope and gradient conditions. IJFE. 19(1):9–16.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson AI. 1963. A field method for measurement of Infiltration. US Geol Survey, water supply paper 1544-F; p. 27.
   Google Scholar
• Junior MSD, Fonseca S, Junior FA, Silva AR. 2007. Soil compaction due to forest harvesting operations. Pesq agropec bras. 4(2):257–264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jusoff K, Majid M. 1986. The impact of skid trails on the physical properties of tropical hill forest soils. Pertanika. 9(3):311–321.
   Google Scholar
• Kolka R, Steber A, Brooks K, Perry CH, Powers M. 2012. Relationships between soil compaction and harvest season, soil texture, and landscape position for aspen forests. North J Appl For. 29(1):21–25.
   Google Scholar
• Kozlowski TT. 1999. Soil compaction and growth of woody plants. Scand J For Res. 14:596–619.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labelle ER, Jaeger D. 2012. Quantifying the use of brush mats in reducing forwarder peak loads and surface contact pressures. Croat J For Eng. 33(2):249–274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lister TW. 1999. Forest harvesting disturbance and site preparation effects on soil processes and vegetation in a young pine plantation. MSc thesis in the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. p. 104.
   Google Scholar
• Malmer A, Grip H. 1990. Soil disturbance and loss of infiltrability caused by mechanized and manual extraction of tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia. Forest Ecol Manag. 38:1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNabb DH, Startsev AD, Nguyen H. 2001. Soil wetness and traffic level effects on bulk density and air-filled porosity of compacted boreal forest soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 65:1238–1247.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meek BD, Rechel ER, Carter LM, Detar WR, Urie AL. 1992. Infiltration rate of a sandy loam soil: effects of traffic, tillage, and plant roots. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 56:908–913.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nugent C, Kanali C, Owende PMO, Nieuwenhuis M, Ward S. 2003. Characteristic site disturbance due to harvesting and extraction machinery traffic on sensitive forest sites with peat soils. Forest Ecol Manag. 180:85–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ole-Meiludie REL, Njau WLM. 1989. Impact of logging equipment on water infiltration capacity at Olmotonyi, Tanzania. Forest Ecol Manag. 26:207–213.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pimentel D. 2006. Soil erosion: a food and environmental threat. Environ Dev Sustain. 8:119–137.
   Google Scholar
• Rahimi H. 2006. Soil mechanics. Second ed. Danesh-o-fan Publications; p. 622.
   Google Scholar
• Richard G, Boizard H, Roger-Estrade J, Boffin J, Guerif J. 1999. Field study of soil compaction due to traffic in northern France: pore space and morphological analysis of the compacted zones. Soil Till Res. 51:151–160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai H, Nordfjell T, Saudicani K, Talbot B, Bollenhuus E. 2008. Soil compaction on forest soils from different kinds of tires and tracks and possibility of accurate estimate. Croat J For Eng. 29(1):15–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt LK. 2009. Developing and applying a soil erosion model in a data-poor context to an island in the rural Philippines. Environ Dev Sustain. 11:19–42.
   Google Scholar
• Shepperd WD. 1993. The effect of harvesting activities on soil compaction, root damage, and suckering in Colorado aspen. West J Appl For. 8:62–66.
   Google Scholar
• Shetron SG, Sturos JA, Padley E, Trettin C. 1988. Forest soil compaction: Effect of multiple passes and loadings on wheel track surface soil bulk density. North J Appl For. 5:120–123.
   Google Scholar
• Snider D, Miller F. 1985. Effects of tractor logging on soils and vegetation in eastern oregon. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 49(5):1280–1282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solgi A, Najafi A. 2014. The impacts of ground-based logging equipment on forest soil. J For Sci. 60(1):28–34.
   Google Scholar
• Startsev AD, McNabb DH. 2000. Effects of skidding on forest soil infiltration in west-central Alberta. Can J Soil Sci. 80:617–624.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Startsev AD, McNabb DH. 2001. Skidder traffic effects on water retention, pore size distribution and van Genuchten parameters on boreal forest soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J. 65:224–231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbrenner EC, Gessel SP. 1955. The effect of tractor logging on physical properties of some forest soils in southwestern Washington. Soil science America Proc. 19:372–376.
   Google Scholar
• Sutherland A, Bussen O, Plondke L, Evans M, Ziegler D. 2000. Hydrophysical degradation associated with hiking-trail use: a case study of HAWAI'ILOA ridge trail, O'AHU, HAWAI'I. Land Degrad. Develop. 12:71–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swank WT, DeBano LF, Nelson D. 1989. Effects of timber management practices on soil and water. In: Burns RL, editor, Technical compiler. National Forest System. General Technical Report WO-55. Washington (DC): U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; p. 79–106.
   Google Scholar
• Williamson JR, Neilsen WA. 2000. The influence of soil and forest site on rate and extent of soil compaction and profile disturbance of skidtrails during ground based harvesting. Can J For Res. 30:1196–1205. doi:10.1139/x00-041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenner EK, Fauskee JT, Berger AL, Puettmann KJ. 2007. Impacts of skidding traffic intensity on soil disturbance, soil recovery, and aspen regeneration in North Central Minnesota. North J Appl For. 24(3):177–183.
   Google Scholar