1,258
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Grandparents as substitute parents in the UK

Pages 175-186 | Received 28 Sep 2017, Accepted 10 Dec 2017, Published online: 22 Jan 2018

References

  • Aldgate, J., & Mcintosh, M. (2006). Looking after the family: A study of children looked after in kinship care in Scotland. Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive.
  • Backhouse, J., & Graham, A. (2013). Grandparents raising their grandchildren: Acknowledging the experience of grief. Australian Social Work, 66(3), 440–454. doi: 10.1080/0312407X.2013.817595
  • Bailey, S. J., Letiecq, B. L., & Porterfield, S. (2009). Family coping and adaptation among grandparents rearing grandchildren. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 7(2–3), 144–158. doi: 10.1080/15350770902851072
  • Baker, L. A., & Silverstein, M. (2008). Depressive symptoms among grandparents raising grandchildren: The impact of participation in multiple roles. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 6(3), 285–304. doi: 10.1080/15350770802157802
  • Baldock, E. (2007). Grandparents raising grandchildren because of alcohol and other drug issues. Family Matters, 79, 70–75.
  • Blaiklock, O. (2005). Britain’s pensioner parents: The quandary of parenting your grandchildren. A report from the office of the Rt Hon Frank Field, M.P.
  • Bowers, B. F., & Myers, B. J. (1999). Grandmothers providing care for grandchildren: Consequences of various levels of caregiving. Family Relations, 48, 303–311. doi: 10.2307/585641
  • Bramlett, M., & Blumberg, S. (2007). Family structure and children’s mental and physical health. Health Affairs, 26, 549–558. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.26.2.549
  • Brennan, D., Cass, B., Flaxman, S., Hill, T., Jenkins, B., McHugh, M., … Valentine, K. (2013). Grandparents raising grandchildren: Towards recognition, respect and reward (SPRC Report 14/13). University of New South Wales.
  • Broad, B. (2010). Grandparents’ voices: A research study of the views of grandparents who face up to challenging family situations. London: The Grandparents’ Association.
  • Broad, B., Hayes, R., & Rushforth, C. (2001). Kith and Kin: Kinship care for vulnerable young people. London: National Children's Bureau.
  • Broad, B., & Skinner, A. (2005). Relative benefits: Placing children in kinship care. London: BAAF.
  • Burgess, C., Rossvoll, F., Wallace, B., & Daniel, B. (2010). It’s just like another home, just another family, so it’s nae different. Children’s voices in kinship care: A research study about the experience of children in kinship care in Scotland. Child and Family Social Work, 15, 297–306. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2206.2009.00671.x
  • Castillo, K. O., Henderson, C. E., & North, L. W. (2012). The relation between care-giving style, coping; benefit finding, child symptoms and caregiver adjustment among custodial grandparents. In B. HayslipJr. & G. C. Smith (Eds.), Resilient grandparent caregivers: A strengths based perspective (pp. 38–53). London: Routledge.
  • Climo, J., Terry, P., & Lay, K. (2002). Using the double bind to interpret the experience of custodial grandparents. Journal of Aging Studies, 16, 19–35. doi: 10.1016/S0890-4065(01)00032-9
  • Conway, F., Magai, C., Springer, C., & Jones, S. C. (2008). Optimism and pessimism as predictors of physical and psychological health among grandmothers raising their grandchildren. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 1352–1357. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.03.011
  • Council on the Ageing. (2003). Grandparents raising grandchildren. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies.
  • Del Valle, J., Lazaro-Visa, S., Lopez, M., & Bravo, A. (2011). Leaving family care: Transitions to adulthood from kinship care. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(12), 2475–2481. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.08.015
  • Dolan, M. M., Casanueva, C., Smith, K. R., & Bradley, R. H. (2009). Parenting and the home environment provided by grandmothers of children in the child welfare system. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 784–796. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.02.005
  • Dolbin-Macnab, M. L., & Keiley, M. K. (2006). A systemic examination of grandparents’ emotional closeness with their custodial grandchildren. Research in Human Development, 3, 59–71. doi: 10.1207/s15427617rhd0301_6
  • Doolan, M., Nixon, P., & Lawrence, P. (2004). Growing up in the care of relatives or friends. London: Family Rights Group.
  • Downie, J. M., Hay, D. A., Horner, B. J., Wichmann, H., & Hislop, A. L. (2010). Children living with their grandparents: Resilience and wellbeing. International Journal of Social Welfare, 19, 8–22. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2397.2009.00654.x
  • Dunne, E. G., & Kettler, L. J. (2008). Grandparents raising grandchildren in Australia: Exploring psychological health and grandparents’ experience of providing kinship care. International Journal of Social Welfare, 16, 1–13.
  • Edwards, O. W. (2009). Empirical investigation of the psychosocial functioning of children raised by grandparents. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 25, 128–145. doi: 10.1080/15377900802484653
  • Emick, M. A., & HayslipJr., B. (1999). Custodial grandparenting: Stresses, coping skills, and relationships with grandchildren. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 48(1), 35–61. doi: 10.2190/1FH2-AHWT-1Q3J-PC1K
  • Farmer, E., & Moyers, S. (2008). Kinship care: Fostering effective family and friends placements. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Fitzpatrick, M. (2004). Grandparents raising grandchildren. Melbourne: COTA National Seniors.
  • Fuentes, M. J., Bernedo, I. M., & Fernandez-Molina, M. (2008). Adolescents in foster care with their grandparents: Parenting styles and family relationships. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 5(4), 41–58. doi: 10.1300/J194v05n04_04
  • Gautier, A., & Wellard, S. (2012). Giving up the day job. London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Gautier, A., Wellard, S., & Cardy, S. (2013). Forgotten children: Children growing up in kinship care. London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Gladstone, J. W., Brown, R. A., & Fitzgerald, K. J. (2009). Grandparents raising their grandchildren: Tensions, service needs and involvement with child welfare agencies. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 69, 55–78. doi: 10.2190/AG.69.1.d
  • Goodman, R. (1997). The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581–586. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x
  • Grandparents Plus and Adfam. (2006). Forgotten families. London: Author.
  • Harnett, P., Dawe, S., & Russell, M. (2014). An investigation of the needs of grandparents who are raising grandchildren. Child and Family Social Work, 19(4), 411–420. doi: 10.1111/cfs.12036
  • Hislop, A., Horner, B., Downie, J., & Hay, D. (2004). The perceived experiences of children and adolescents living with their grandparents: ‘Why living with my grandparents is so … good’. Perth: Curtin University of Technology.
  • Holtan, A., Handegård, B. H., Thørnblad, R., & Vis, S. A. (2013). Placement disruption in long-term kinship and nonkinship foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 35, 1087–1094. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.04.022
  • Hunt, J., & Waterhouse, S. (2012). Understanding family and friends care: The relationship between need, support and legal status. Carers’ experiences. London: Family Rights Group.
  • Hunt, J., Waterhouse, S., & Lutman, E. (2008). Keeping them in the family: Outcomes for children placed in kinship care through care proceedings. London: British Association for Adoption and Fostering.
  • Kelch-Oliver, K. (2008). The experiences of African American grandchildren raised in grandparent-headed families (Counseling and Psychological Services Dissertations. Paper 24). Georgia State University Digital Archive. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cps_diss/24
  • Kelley, S., Whitley, D., Sipe, T., & Crofts Yorker, B. (2000). Psychological distress in grandmother kinship care providers: The role of resources, social support, and physical health. Child Abuse and Neglect, 24(3), 311–321. doi: 10.1016/S0145-2134(99)00146-5
  • Kiraly, M., & Humphreys, C. (2013). A tangled web: Parental contact with children in kinship care. Child and Family Social Work, 20(1), 106–115. doi: 10.1111/cfs.12060
  • Landry-Meyer, L. (1999). Research into action: Recommended intervention strategies for grandparent caregivers. Family Relations, 48, 381–391. doi: 10.2307/585245
  • Landry-Meyer, L., Gerard, J.-M., & Guzell, J. R. (2005). Caregiver stress among grandparents raising grandchildren: The functional role of social support. Marriage and Family Review, 37(1–2), 171–190. doi: 10.1300/J002v37n01_11
  • Mateos, A., Balsells, M. A., & Cruz, M. (2012). The perception adolescents in kinship foster care have of their own needs. Review of Research and Social Intervention, 38, 25–41.
  • Minkler, M., & Fuller-Thomson, E. (1999). The health of grandparents raising grandchildren: Results of a national study. American Journal of Public Health, 89(9), 1384–1389. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.89.9.1384
  • Minkler, M., Fuller-Thomson, E., Miller, D., & Driver, D. (1997). Depression in grandparents raising grandchildren: Results of a national longitudinal study. Archives of Family Medicine, 6(5), 445–452. doi: 10.1001/archfami.6.5.445
  • Murphy-Jack, O., & Smethers, R. (2009). Recognition, respect, reward. London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Musil, C. M. (1998). Health, stress, coping, and social support in grandmother caregivers. Health Care for Women International, 19(5), 441–455. doi: 10.1080/073993398246205
  • Musil, C. M., & Ahmad, M. (2002). Health of grandmothers: A comparison by caregiver status. Journal of Aging and Health, 14, 96–121. doi: 10.1177/089826430201400106
  • Musil, C. M., Jeanblanc, A. B., Burant, C. J., Zauszniewski, J. A., & Warner, C. B. (2013). Longitudinal analysis of resourcefulness, family strain, and depressive symptoms in grandmother caregivers. Nursing Outlook, 61(4), 225–234. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2013.04.009
  • Nandy, S., Selwyn, J., Farmer, E., & Vaisey, P. (2011). Spotlight on kinship care: Using census microdata to examine the extent and nature of kinship care in the UK at the turn of the twentieth century. University of Bristol.
  • Neely-Barnes, S. L., Carolyn Graff, J., & Washington, G. (2010). The health-related quality of life of custodial grandparents. Health and Social Work, 35(2), 87–97. doi: 10.1093/hsw/35.2.87
  • O’Neill, C. (2011). Support in kith and kin care: The experience of carers. Children Australia, 36(2), 88–99. doi: 10.1375/jcas.36.2.88
  • O’Reilly, E., & Morrison, M. L. (1993). Grandparent-headed families: New therapeutic challenges. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 23, 147–159. doi: 10.1007/BF00707146
  • Park, H. H. (2009). Factors associated with the psychological health of grandparents as primary caregivers: An analysis of gender differences. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 7(2–3), 191–208. doi: 10.1080/15350770902852393
  • Pitcher, D. (2002). Placement with grandparents: The issues for grandparents who care for their grandchildren. Adoption and Fostering, 26(6), 6–14. doi: 10.1177/030857590202600103
  • Pittman, L. D., & Boswell, M. K. (2007). The role of grandmothers in the lives of preschoolers growing up in urban poverty. Applied Developmental Psychology, 11, 20–42.
  • Pruchno, R., & McKenney, D. (2002). Psychological well-being of black and white grandparents raising grandchildren: Examination of a two-factor model. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 57, P444–P452. doi: 10.1093/geronb/57.5.P444
  • Richards, A. (2001). Second time around: A survey of grandparents raising their grandchildren. London: Family Rights Group.
  • Robson, S., & Conqueror, K. (2011). Breaking the vicious circle: Addressing the barriers and difficulties faced by grandparent kinship carers in Sunderland where the birth parents are involved in substance abuse. Sunderland: Sunderland Carers Centre.
  • Rodgers-Farmer, A. Y. (1999). Parenting stress, depression, and parenting in grandmothers raising their grandchildren. Children and Youth Services Review, 21, 377–388. doi: 10.1016/S0190-7409(99)00027-4
  • Ross, M. E. T., & Aday, L. (2006). Stress and coping in African American grandparents who are raising their grandchildren. Journal of Family Issues, 27, 912–932. doi: 10.1177/0192513X06287167
  • Sands, R. G., & Goldberg-Glen, R. S. (2000). Factors associated with stress among grandparents raising grandchildren. Family Relations, 49, 97–105. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00097.x
  • Sands, R. G., Goldberg-Glen, R. S., & Thornton, P. A. (2005). Factors associated with the positive well-being of grandparents caring for their grandchildren. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 45(4), 65–82. doi: 10.1300/J083v45n04_05
  • Scarcella, C. A., Ehrle, J., & Geen, R. (2003, August). Identifying and addressing the needs of children in grandparent care (The Urban Institute Series B. B-55).
  • Selwyn, J., Farmer, E., Meakings, S., & Vaisey, P. (2013). The poor relations? Children and informal kinship carers speak out. London: ButtleUK.
  • Shakya, H. B., Usita, P. M., Eisenberg, C., Weston, J., & Liles, S. (2012). Family well- being concerns of grandparents in skipped generation families. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 55, 39–54. doi: 10.1080/01634372.2011.620072
  • Smith, G. C., & Palmieri, P. A. (2007). Risk of psychological difficulties among children raised by custodial grandparents. Psychiatric Services, 58, 1301–1310.
  • Smith, G. C., Palmieri, P. A., Hancock, G. R., & Richardson, R. A. (2008). Custodial grandmothers’ psychological distress, dysfunctional parenting, and grandchildren’s adjustment. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 67, 327–357. doi: 10.2190/AG.67.4.c
  • Testa, M. F., & Slack, K. S. (2002). The gift of kinship foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 24(1–2), 79–108. doi: 10.1016/S0190-7409(01)00169-4
  • Wade, J., Dixon, J., & Richards, A. (2010). Special guardianship in practice. London: BAAF.
  • Weber, J. A., & Waldrop, D. P. (2000). Grandparents raising grandchildren: Families in transition. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 33(2), 27–46. doi: 10.1300/J083v33n02_03
  • Wellard, S. (2011). Too old to care. London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Wellard, S., Meakings, S., Farmer, E., & Hunt, J. (2017). Growing up in kinship care: Experiences as adolescents and outcomes in young adulthood. London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Wellard, S., & Wheatley, B. (2010). Family and friends care: What if we said no? London: Grandparents Plus.
  • Wijedasa, D. (2015). The prevalence and characteristics of children growing up with relatives in the U&K (Briefing Paper 001). Characteristics of children living in England: Part 1. Hadley Centre for Adoption and Foster Care Studies, University of Bristol. Retrieved from http://cdn.basw.co.uk/upload/basw_43853-2.pdf
  • Wijedasa, D. (2017). Children growing up in the care of relatives in the UK (Policy Report 18). Hadley Centre for Adoption and Foster Care Studies, University of Bristol.
  • Winokur, M., Holtan, A., & Batchelder, K. E. (2014). Kinship care for the safety, permanency, and well-being of children removed from the home for maltreatment: A systematic review (Campbell Systematic Reviews 2014:2).
  • Worrall, J. (2009). When grandparents take custody – changing intergenerational relationships: The New Zealand experience. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 7, 259–273. doi: 10.1080/15350770902851106
  • Zauszniewski, J., & Musil, C. (2012). Resourcefulness in grandmothers raising grandchildren. In B. HayslipJr. & G. C. Smith (Eds.), Resilient grandparent caregivers: A strengths based perspective (pp. 54–66). London: Routledge.
  • Zinn, A. (2012). Kinship foster family type and placement discharge outcomes. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 602–614. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.11.015

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.