3,407
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Paper

Swertiamarin supplementation prevents obesity-related chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 160-173 | Received 07 Dec 2020, Accepted 17 Mar 2021, Published online: 02 Apr 2021

References

  • Heymsfield SB, Wadden TA. Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and management of obesity. New Engl J Med. 2017;376:254–266.
  • Hammond RA, Levine R. The economic impact of obesity in the United States. Diabetes Metab Syndr and Obes. 2010;3:285–295. .
  • Saltiel AR, Olefsky JM. Inflammatory mechanisms linking obesity and metabolic disease. J Clin Invest. 2017;127:1–4.
  • Xu H, Barnes GT, Yang Q, et al. Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:1821–1830.
  • Xu L, Kitade H, Ni Y, et al. Roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in obesity-associated insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biomolecules. 2015;5:1563–1579.
  • Hotamisligil GS, Shargill NS, Spiegelman BM. Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science (New York, NY). 1993;259(5091):87–91.
  • Arkan MC, Hevener AL, Greten FR, et al. IKK-beta links inflammation to obesity-induced insulin resistance. Nat Med. 2005;11:191–198.
  • Bashan N, Dorfman K, Tarnovscki T, et al. Mitogen-activated protein kinases, inhibitory-kappaB kinase, and insulin signaling in human omental versus subcutaneous adipose tissue in obesity. Endocrinology. 2007;148:2955–2962.
  • Khamzina L, Veilleux A, Bergeron S, et al. Increased activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in liver and skeletal muscle of obese rats: possible involvement in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Endocrinology. 2005;146:1473–1481.
  • Huh JY, Park YJ, Ham M, et al. Crosstalk between adipocytes and immune cells in adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in obesity. Mol Cells. 2014;37:365–371.
  • Lauterbach MA, Wunderlich FT. Macrophage function in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Eur J Physiol. 2017;469:385–396.
  • Shirakawa K, Yan X, Shinmura K, et al. Obesity accelerates T cell senescence in murine visceral adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2016;126:4626–4639.
  • Leong XY, Thanikachalam PV, Pandey M, et al. A systematic review of the protective role of swertiamarin in cardiac and metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;84:1051–1060.
  • Vaidya H, Prajapati A, Rajani M, et al. Beneficial effects of swertiamarin on dyslipidaemia in streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rats. Phytother Res. 2012;26:1259–1261.
  • Yang Y, Li J, Wei C, et al. Amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by swertiamarin in fructose-fed mice. Phytomedicine. 2019;59:152782.
  • Jaishree V, Badami S. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of swertiamarin from Enicostemma axillare against D-galactosamine induced acute liver damage in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;130:103–106.
  • Patel TP, Rawal K, Soni S, et al. Swertiamarin ameliorates oleic acid induced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress by attenuating gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis in hepatic steatosis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;83:785–791.
  • Vaidya H, Rajani M, Sudarsanam V, et al. Swertiamarin: a lead from Enicostemma littorale Blume. for anti-hyperlipidaemic effect. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009;617:108–112.
  • Jaishree V, Badami S, Rupesh Kumar M, et al. Antinociceptive activity of swertiamarin isolated from Enicostemma axillare. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(2–3):227–232.
  • Vaijanathappa J, Badami S. Antiedematogenic and free radical scavenging activity of swertiamarin isolated from Enicostemma axillare. Planta Med. 2009;75:12–17.
  • Patel TP, Soni S, Parikh P, et al. Swertiamarin: an active lead from Enicostemma littorale regulates hepatic and adipose tissue gene expression by targeting PPAR-gamma and improves insulin sensitivity in experimental NIDDM rat model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:358673.
  • Jaishree V, Narsimha S. Swertiamarin and quercetin combination ameliorates hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;130:110561.
  • Saravanan S, Islam VI, Babu NP, et al. Swertiamarin attenuates inflammation mediators via modulating NF-kappaB/I kappaB and JAK2/STAT3 transcription factors in adjuvant induced arthritis. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2014;56:70–86.
  • Vaidya H, Rajani M, Sudarsanam V, et al. Antihyperlipidaemic activity of swertiamarin, a secoiridoid glycoside in poloxamer-407-induced hyperlipidaemic rats. J Nat Med. 2009;63:437–442.
  • Wang J, He J. Swertiamarin decreases lipid accumulation dependent on 3-ketoacyl-coA thiolase. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019;112:108668.
  • Vaidya H, Goyal RK, Cheema SK. Anti-diabetic activity of swertiamarin is due to an active metabolite, gentianine, that upregulates PPAR-γ gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Phytother Res. 2013;27:624–627.
  • Ni Y, Zhuge F, Nagashimada M, et al. Lycopene prevents the progression of lipotoxicity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by decreasing oxidative stress in mice. Free Radical Bio Med. 2020;152:571–582.
  • Xu LNN, Nagashimada M, Zhuge F, et al. A porcine placental extract prevents steatohepatitis by suppressing activation of macrophages and stellate cells in mice. Oncotarget. 2018;9:15047–15060.
  • Zhuge F, Ni Y, Nagashimada M, et al. DPP-4 inhibition by linagliptin attenuates obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance by regulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization. Diabetes. 2016;65:2966–2979.
  • Ota T, Gayet C, Ginsberg HN. Inhibition of apolipoprotein B100 secretion by lipid-induced hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress in rodents. J Clin Invest. 2008;118:316–332.
  • Kitade H, Sawamoto K, Nagashimada M, et al. CCR5 plays a critical role in obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance by regulating both macrophage recruitment and M1/M2 status. Diabetes. 2012;61:1680–1690.
  • Kahn CR, Wang G, Lee KY. Altered adipose tissue and adipocyte function in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2019;129(10):3990–4000.
  • Xu L, Nagata N, Nagashimada M, et al. SGLT2 inhibition by empagliflozin promotes fat utilization and browning and attenuates inflammation and insulin resistance by polarizing M2 macrophages in diet-induced obese mice. EBioMedicine. 2017;20:137–149.
  • Isabelle G, Mieulet V, Le Lay S, et al. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c expression and action in rat muscles: insulin-like effects on the control of glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes and UCP3 gene expression. Diabetes. 2002;51:1722–1728.
  • Ferre P, Foufelle F. Hepatic steatosis: a role for de novo lipogenesis and the transcription factor SREBP-1c. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010;12(Suppl 2):83–92.
  • Horton JD, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. SREBPs: transcriptional mediators of lipid homeostasis. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 2002;67:491–498.
  • Vaidya HB, Goyal RK, Cheema SK. Acetylated and propionated derivatives of swertiamarin have anti-adipogenic effects. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2014;5:232–238.
  • Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, et al. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2004;114:1752–1761.
  • Vasu VT, Modi H, Thaikoottathil JV, et al. Hypolipidaemic and antioxidant effect of Enicostemma littorale Blume aqueous extract in cholesterol fed rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;101:277–282.
  • Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, et al. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:1796–1808.
  • Wu H, Ghosh S, Perrard XD, et al. T-cell accumulation and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted upregulation in adipose tissue in obesity. Circulation. 2007;115:1029–1038.
  • Lumeng CN, Bodzin JL, Saltiel AR. Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization. J Clin Invest. 2007;117:175–184.
  • Kraakman MJ, Murphy AJ, Jandeleit-Dahm K, et al. Macrophage polarization in obesity and type 2 diabetes: weighing down our understanding of macrophage function? Front Immunol. 2014;5:470.
  • Patsouris D, Li PP, Thapar D, et al. Ablation of CD11c-positive cells normalizes insulin sensitivity in obese insulin resistant animals. Cell Metab. 2008;8:301–309.
  • Odegaard JI, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Goforth MH, et al. Macrophage-specific PPARgamma controls alternative activation and improves insulin resistance. Nature. 2007;447:1116–1120.
  • Odegaard JI, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Red Eagle A, et al. Alternative M2 activation of Kupffer cells by PPARdelta ameliorates obesity-induced insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2008;7:496–507.
  • Wan J, Benkdane M, Teixeira-Clerc F, et al. M2 Kupffer cells promote M1 Kupffer cell apoptosis: a protective mechanism against alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2014;59:130–142.
  • Saravanan S, Pandikumar P, Babu NP, et al. In vivo and in vitro immunomodulatory potential of swertiamarin isolated from Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A. Raynal that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. Inflammation. 2014;37:1374–1388.
  • Park HS, Jung HY, Park EY, et al. Cutting edge: direct interaction of TLR4 with NAD(P)H oxidase 4 isozyme is essential for lipopolysaccharide-induced production of reactive oxygen species and activation of NF-kappa B. J Immunol. 2004;173:3589–3593.