References
- Jason LA, Richman JA, Rademaker AW, Jordan K, Plioplys AV, Taylor RR, Plioplys S. A commuity-based study of chronic fatigue syndrome. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:2129–2137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.18.2129
- Tiersky LA, DeLuca J, Hill N, Dhar SK, Johnson SK, Lange G, Natelson BH. Longitduinal assessment of neuropsychological functioning, psychiatric status, functional disability and employment status in chronic fatigue syndrome. Appl Neuropsychol. 2001;8:41–50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15324826AN0801_6
- Anderson J, Ferrans C, Estwing C. The quality of life of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997;185:359–367. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199706000-00001
- Dickson A, Knussen C, Flowers P. Stigma and the deligitimation experience: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of people living with chronic fatigue syndrome. Psychol Health. 2007;22:851–867. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14768320600976224
- Klimas NG, Koneru AO. Chronic fatigue syndrome: Inflammation, immune function, and neuroendocrine interactions. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007;9:482–487. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-007-0078-y
- Maher KJ, Klimas NG, Fletcher MA. Chronic fatigue syndrome is associated with diminished intracellular perforin. Clin Exp Immun. 2005;142:505–511.
- Michiels V, Cluydts R. Neuropsychological functioning in chronic fatigue syndrome: A review. Acta Psychiat Scand. 2001;103:84–93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00017.x
- Gur A, Oktayoglu P. Central nervous system abnormalities in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: New concepts in treatment. Curr Pharm Design. 2008;14:1274–1294. doi: https://doi.org/10.2174/138161208799316348
- Natelson BH, Cohen JM, Brassloff I, Lee H. A controlled study of brain magenetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Neurol Sci. 1993;120:213–217. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510X(93)90276-5
- Newton JL, Okonkwo O, Sutcliffe K, Seth A, Shin I, Jones DEJ. Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in chronic fatigue syndrome. QJM. 2007;100:519–526. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcm057
- Jason LA, Helgerson J, Torres-Harding S, Carrico AW, Taylor RR. Variability in diagnostic criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome may result in substantial differences in patterns of symptoms and disability. Eval Health Prof. 2003;26:3–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278702250071
- Nacul LC, Lacerda EM, Pheby D, Campion P, Molokhia M, Fayyaz S, Drachler ML. Prevalance of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in three regions of England: A repeated cross-sectional study in primary care. BMC Med. 2011;9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-9-91
- Jason LA, King CP, Richman JA, Taylor RR, Torres-Harding S, Song S. U.S. case definition of chronic fatigue syndrome: Diagnostic and theoretical issues. J Chron Fatigue Syndrome. 1999;5:3–33. doi: https://doi.org/10.1300/J092v05n03_02
- Buchwald D, Cheney PR, Peterson DL, Henry B, Wormsley SB, Geiger A, Ablashi DV, Salahuddin Z, Saxinger C, Biddle R, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, Folks T, Balachandran N, Peter JB, Gallo RC, Komaroff AL. A chronic illness characterized by fatigue, neurologic and immunologic disorders, and active human herpesvirus type 6 infection. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:103–113. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-2-103
- Bell DS, Bell KM, Cheney PR. Primary juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in adolescents. Clin Infec Dis. 1994;18(Suppl 1):S21–3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/18.Supplement_1.S21
- Afari N, Buchwald D. Chronic fatigue syndrome: A review. Am J Psychiat. 2003;160:221–236. doi: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.2.221
- King CP, Jason LA. Improving the diagnostic criteria and procedures for chronic fatigue syndrome. Biol Psychol. 2004;68:87–106. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2004.03.015
- Holmes GP, Kaplan JE, Gantz NM, Komaroff AL, Schonberger LB, Straus SE. Chronic fatigue syndrome: A working case definition. Ann Int Med. 1988;108:387–389. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-387
- Fukuda K, Straus SE, Hickie I, Sharpe MC, Dobbins JG, Komaroff AL. The chronic fatigue syndrome: A comprehensive approach to its definition and study. Ann Int Med. 1994;121:953–959. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009
- Katon W, Russo J. Chronic fatigue syndrome criteria: A critique of the requirement for multiple physical complaints. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1604–1609. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1992.00400200042008
- Kroenke K. Patients presenting with somatic complaints: Epidemiology, psychiatric co-morbidity and management. Psychiat Res. 2003;12:34–43.
- Lange G, DeLuca J, Maldjia JA, Lee H, Tiersky LA, Natelson BH. Brain MRI abnormalities exist in a subset of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Neurolog Sci. 1999;171:3–7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(99)00243-9
- De Becker P, McGregor N, De Meirleir KLA. definition-based analysis of symptoms in a large cohort of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J Int Med. 2001;250:234–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00890.x
- Reeves WC, Lloyd A, Vernon SD, Klimas NG, Jason LA, Bleijenberg G, Unger ER. Identification of ambiguities in the 1994 chronic fatigue syndrome research case definition and recommendations for resolution. BMC Health Serv Res. 2003;3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-3-25
- Reeves W, Wagner D, Nisenbaum R, Jones J, Gurbaxani B, Solomon L, Heim C. Chronic fatigue syndrome- a clinically empirical approach to its definition and study. BMC Med. 2005;3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-3-19
- Jason LA, Porter N, Brown M, Brown AA, Evans M. A constructive debate with the CDC on the empirical case definition of chronic fatigue syndrome. J Disabil Policy Stud. 2010;20:251–256. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207309359515
- Reyes M, Nisenbaum R, Hoaglin DC, Unger ER, Emmons C, Randall B, Reeves WC. Prevalence and incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Wichita, Kansas. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:1530–1536. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.163.13.1530
- Reeves WC, Jones JF, Maloney E, Heim C, Hoaglin DC, Boneva RS, Devlin R. Prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in metropolitan, urban and rural Georgia. Popul Health Metr. 2007;5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-7954-5-5
- Jason LA, Najar N, Porter N, Reh C. Evaluating the Centers for Disease Control's empirical chronic fatigue syndrome case definition. J Disabil Policy Stud. 2009;20:93–100. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207308325995
- Carruthers BM, Jain AL, De Meirleir KL, Peterson DL, Klimas NG, Lerner AM, Bested AC, Flor-Henry P, Joshi P, Powles ACP, Sherkey JA, van de Sande MI. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: Clinical working case defintion, diagnostic and treatment protocols. J Chron Fatigue Synd. 2003;11:7–116. doi: https://doi.org/10.1300/J092v11n01_02
- Jason LA, Evans M, Porter N, Brown M, Brown AA, Hunnell J, Friedberg F. The development of a revised Canadian myalgic encephalomyelitis chronic fatigue syndrome case definition. Am J Biochem Biotechnol. 2010;6:120–135. doi: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2010.120.135
- Jason LA, Brown AA, Clyne E, Bartgis L, Evans M, Brown M. Contrasing case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, and myalgic encephaloymelitis. Eval Health Prof. 2012;35:280–304. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278711424281
- Carruthers BM, van de Sande MI, De Meirleir KL, Klimas NG, Broderick G, Mitchell T, Staines D, Powles CP, Speight N, Vallings R, Bateman L, Bell DS, Carlo-Stella N, Chia J, Darragh A, Jo D, Lewis D, Light AR, Marshall-Gradisbik S, Mena I, Mikovits J, Miwa K, Murovska M, Pall ML, Stevens S. Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International consensus criteria. J Int Med. 2011;270:327–338. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02428.x
- Carruthers BM, van de Sande MI, International Consensus Panel. Myalgic encephalomyelitis – adult & pediatric: International consensus primer for medical practitioners. Carruthers & van de Sande: Vancouver, BC; 2012: Available at http://www.hetalternatief.org/ICC%20primer%202012.pdf
- Jason LA, Damrongvachiraphan D, Hunnell J, Bartgis L, Brown A, Evans M, Brown M. Myalgic encephalomyelitis: Case definitions. Autonom Cont Physiolog State Funct. 2012;1:1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.4303/acpsf/K110601
- Ramsey AM, David AS, Wessely S, Pelosi AJ, Dowsett EG. Myalgic encephalomyelitis, or what?. Lancet. 1988;332:100–101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(88)90028-1
- Dowsett EG, Ramsay AM, McCartney RA, Bell EJ. Myalgic encephalomyelitis - A persistent enteroviral infection?. Postgrad Med J. 1990;66:526–530. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.66.777.526
- Hyde BM. The Nightingale defintion of myalgic encephalomyelitis. The Nightingale Research Foundation, Ottawa, Canada; 2007.
- Goudsmit EM, Shepherd C, Dancey CP, Howes S. ME: Chronic fatigue syndrome or a distinct clinical entity?. Health PsychUpdate. 2009;18:26–31.
- Friedberg F, Dechene L, McKenzie MJ, Fontanetta R. Symptom patterns in long-duration chronic fatigue syndrome. J Psychosom Res. 2000;48:59–68. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(99)00077-X
- Jason LA, Corradi K, Torres-Harding S. Toward an empirical case definition of CFS. J Soc Serv Res. 2007;34: 43–54. doi: https://doi.org/10.1300/J079v34n02_04
- Arroll MA, Senior V. Symptom typology and sub-grouping in chronic fatigue syndrome. Bull. IACFS/ME. 2009;17:39–52.
- Nisenbaum R, Reyes M, Mawle AC, Reeves WC. Factor analysis of unexplained severe fatigue and interrelated symptoms. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148:72–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009562
- Nisenbaum R, Reyes M, Unger ER, Reeves WC. Factor analysis of symptoms among subjects with unexplained chronic fatigue What can we learn about chronic fatigue syndrome?. J Psychosom Res. 2004;56:171–178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00039-4
- Hickie I, Davenport T, Vernon SD, Nisenbaum R, Reeves WC, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Lloyd A. Are chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome valid clinical entities across countries and health-care settings?. Aust NZ J Psychiat. 2009;43:25–35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00048670802534432
- Torres-Harding SR, Jason LA, Cane V, Carrico A, Taylor RR. Physicians' diagnoses of psychiatric disorders for people with chronic fatigue syndrome. Int J Psychiat Med. 2002;32:109–124. doi: https://doi.org/10.2190/PNF9-XFWJ-DA24-R3PU
- Hawk C, Jason LA, Torres-Harding S. Differential diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome and major depressive disorder. Int J Behav Med. 2006;13:244–251. doi: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm1303_8
- Wagner D, Nisenbaum R, Heim C, Jones JF, Unger ER, Reeves WC. Psychometric properties of the CDC Symptom Inventory for assessment of chronic fatigue syndrome. Popul Health Metr. 2005;3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-7954-3-8
- Ware JE, Snow KK, Kosinski M. SF-36 Health Survey: Manual and Interpretation Guide. 2000; Quality Metric Incorporated.
- Buchwald D, Pearlman T, Umali J, Schmaling K, Katon W. Functional status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, other fatiguing illnesses, and healthy controls. Am J Med. 1996;101:364–370. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00234-3
- Ciccone DS, Natelson BH. Comorbid illness in women with chronic fatigue syndrome: A test of the single syndrome hypothesis. Psychosom Med. 2003;65:268–275. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PSY.0000033125.08272.A9
- Nunnally JC. Psychometric theory (2nd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill; 1978.
- Everitt BS. Multivariate analysis: the need for data, and other problems. Brit J Psychiat. 1975;126:237–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.126.3.237
- MacCallum RC, Widaman KF, Zhang S, Hong S. Sample size in factor analysis. Psychol Methods. 1999;4:84–99. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.4.1.84
- DeLuca J, Johnson SK, Ellis SP, Natelson BH. Sudden vs. gradual onset of chronic fatigue syndrome differentiates individuals on cognitive and psychiatric measures. J Psychiat Res. 1997;31:83–90. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3956(96)00052-0
- DeLuca J, Johnson SK, Ellis SP, Natelson BH. Cognitive functioning is impaired in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome devoid of psychiatric disease. J Neurol Neurosurg PS. 1997;62:151–155. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.62.2.151
- Jason LA, Choi M. Dimensions and assessment of fatigue. In: Yatanabe Y, Evengard B, Natelson BH, Jason LA, Kuratsune H, editors. Fatigue science for human health. Tokyo: Springer; 2008. p. 1–16.