Safety and clinical efficacy of human rabies immunoglobulin in post exposure prophylaxis for category III animal exposures

References

• WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies. Third report, technical report series 1012. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Tarantola A. Four thousand years of concepts relating to rabies in animals and humans, its prevention and its cure. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2017;2(2):1. doi:10.3390/tropicalmed2020005.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health Organization. WHO South East Asia Region: Strategic framework for elimination of human rabies transmitted by dogs in the South–East Asia region. Regional Office for South East Asia, World Health Organization; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Knobel DL, Cleaveland S, Coleman PG, Fèvre EM, Meltzer MI, Miranda ME, Shaw A, Zinsstag J, Meslin F-X. Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83(5):3608. doi:10.1590/S0042-96862005000500012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Weekly epidemiological record. Rabies Vaccines: WHO position paper No. 16. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2018;93:201–5.
   Google Scholar
• Kalappa Sudarshan MK, Haradanhalli RS. Facilities and services of postexposure prophylaxis in anti-rabies clinics: a national assessment in India. Indian J Public Health. 2019;63(1):s26–30. doi:10.4103/ijph.IJPH_367_19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Guidelines for Rabies Prophylaxis. National rabies control programme. National Centre for Diseases Control. New Delhi (India): Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 2019. p. 618.
   Google Scholar
• Zero by 30. The global strategic plan to end human deaths from dog mediated rabies by 2030. Geneva: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Organisation for Animal Health, World Health Organization and Global Alliance for Rabies Control; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Habel K, Koprowski H. Laboratory data supporting the clinical trial of anti-rabies serum in persons bitten by a rabid wolf. Bull World Health Organ. 1955;13:773–79.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haradanhalli S R, Krishna C, Kumar P, Siddareddy I, Annadani RS. Safety, immunogenicity and clinical efficacy of post exposure prophylaxis in confirmed rabies exposures. Global Vaccines Immunol. 2016;1(3):56–59. doi:10.15761/GVI.1000116.
   Google Scholar
• Shivalingaiah AH, Shankaraiah RH, Hanumanthaiah AND. Safety of new indigenous human Rabies Monoclonal Antibody (RMAb) for Post Exposure Prophylaxis. Indian J Comm Health. 2018;30:196–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber F, Tetchi M, Kallo V, Léchenne M, Hattendorf J, Bonfoh B, Zinsstag J. Rabies Immunoglobulin: brief history and recent experiences in Côte d’Ivoire. Acta Trop. 2020;211:105629. Epub 2020 Jul 11. PMID: 32659281. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habel K. Public Health Weekly Reports for MAY 18, 1945. Public Health Rep. 1945;60(20):545–76. doi:10.2307/4585257.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Atanasiu MB, Baltazard M, Fox JP, Habel K, Kaplan MM, Kaplan MM, Kissling RE, Komarov A, Koprowski H, Lepine P, et al. Rabies neutralizing antibody response to different schedules of serum and vaccine inoculations in non-exposed persons. Bull World Health Organ. 1956;14(4):593–611.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baltazard M, Bahmanyar M. Field trials with rabies vaccine on persons bitten by rabid wolves. Bull World Health Organ. 1955;13:747–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rabies, W.H.O.E.C.o., World Health, O. Expert committee on rabies: third report 694. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1957.
   Google Scholar
• Dean DJ, Baer GM, Thompson WR. Studies on the local treatment of rabies-infected wounds. Bull World Health Organ. 1963;28:477–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosty TS, Kissling RE, Schaeffer M, Wallace GA, Dibble EH. Human antirabies gamma globulin. Bull World Health Organ. 1959;20:1111–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winkler WG, Schmidt RC, Sikes RK. Evaluation of human rabies immune globulin and homologous and heterologous antibody. J Immunol. 1969;102:1314–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabasso VJ, Loofbourow JC, Roby RE, Anuskiewicz W. Rabies immune globulin of human origin: preparation and dosage determination in non-exposed volunteer subjects. Bull World Health Organ. 1971;45:303–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kansagra K, Parmar D, Mendiratta SK, Patel J, Joshi S, Sharma N, et al. A phase 3, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial evaluating anti-rabies monoclonal antibody cocktail (TwinrabTM) against human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG). Clin Infect Dis. 2020 June 17: ciaa779. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32556113. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa779.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gogtay NJ, Munshi R, Ashwath Narayana DH, Mahendra BJ, Kshirsagar V, Gunale B, Moore S, Cheslock P, Thaker S, Deshpande S, et al. Comparison of a novel human rabies monoclonal antibody to human rabies immunoglobulin for postexposure prophylaxis: a phase 2/3, randomized, single-blind, noninferiority, controlled study. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;66(3):387–95. doi:10.1093/cid/cix791.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matson MA, Schenker E, Stein M, Zamfirova V, Nguyen HB, Bergman GE. Safety and efficacy results of simulated post-exposure prophylaxis with human immune globulin (HRIG; KEDRAB) co-administered with active vaccine in healthy subjects: a comparative phase 2/3 trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(2):452–59. doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1656967.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobart-Porter N, Stein M, Toh N, Amega N, Nguyen H-B, Linakis J. Safety and efficacy of rabies immunoglobulin in pediatric patients with suspected exposure. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2021;17(7):2090–96. doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1854000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priyadarsini Debta S, Ranjan Behera T, Routray D. Comparison of safety profile of equine and human rabies immunoglobulin in children below 15 years, in a tertiary care hospital of Odisha - an observational study. J Commun Dis. 2020;52(2):63–68. doi:10.24321/0019.5138.202012.
   Google Scholar
• Haradanhalli RS, Kumari N, Sudarshan MK, Narayana DHA, Prashanth RM, Surendran J. Defining the volume of rabies immunoglobulins/rabies monoclonal antibodies requirement for wound infiltration of category III animal exposures - an exploratory study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(12):5355–60. doi:10.1080/21645515.2021.2013079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar