First-line ICIs in renal cell carcinoma

References

• Capitanio U, Montorsi F. Renal cancer. Lancet. 2016;387:894–7. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00046-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. doi:10.3322/caac.21492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill DM, Hahn AW, Hale P, Maughan BL. Overview of current and future first-line systemic therapy for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2018;19(1):6. doi:10.1007/s11864-018-0517-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh JJ, Purdue MP, Signoretti S, Swanton C, Albiges L, Schmidinger M, Heng DY, Larkin J, Ficarra V. Renal cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017 Mar 9;3(1):17009. 10.1038/nrdp.2017.9. PMID: 28276433; PMCID: PMC5936048.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heng DY, Xie W, Regan MM, Warren MA, Golshayan AR, Sahi C, Eigl BJ, Ruether JD, Cheng T, North S, et al. Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted agents: results from a large, multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Dec 1;27(34):5794–9. 10.1200/JCO.2008.21.4809. Epub 2009 Oct 13. PMID: 19826129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fyfe G, Fisher RI, Rosenberg SA, Sznol M, Parkinson DR, Louie AC. Results of treatment of 255 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:688–96. doi:10.1200/JCO.1995.13.3.688.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negrier S, Escudier B, Lasset C, Douillard JY, Savary J, Chevreau C, Ravaud A, Mercatello A, Peny J, Mousseau M, et al. Recombinant human interleukin-2, recombinant human interferon alfa-2a, or both in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. Groupe Francais d’Immunotherapie. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(18):1272–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM199804303381805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratta R, Zappasodi R, Raggi D, Grassi P, Verzoni E, Necchi A, Di Nicola M, Salvioni R, de Braud F, Procopio G. Immunotherapy advances in uro-genital malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016;105:52–64. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.06.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escudier B, Eisen T, Stadler WM, Szczylik C, Oudard S, Staehler M, Negrier S, Chevreau C, Desai AA, Rolland F, et al. Sorafenib for treatment of renal cell carcinoma: final efficacy and safety results of the phase III treatment approaches in renal cancer global evaluation trial. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:3312–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.19.5511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Hutson TE, Tomczak P, Michaelson MD, Bukowski RM, Rixe O, Oudard S, Negrier S, Szczylik C, Kim ST, et al. Sunitinib versus interferon alfa in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:115–24. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa065044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rini BI, Halabi S, Rosenberg JE, Stadler WM, Vaena DA, Ou SS, Archer L, Atkins JN, Picus J, Czaykowski P, et al. Bevacizumab plus interferon alfa compared with interferon alfa monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: CALGB 90206. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:5422–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.16.9847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternberg CN, Davis ID, Mardiak J, Szczylik C, Lee E, Wagstaff J, Barrios CH, Salman P, Gladkov OA, Kavina A, et al. Pazopanib in locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results of a randomized phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(6):1061–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.23.9764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choueiri TK, Escudier B, Powles T, Mainwaring PN, Rini BI, Donskov F, Hammers H, Hutson TE, Lee JL, Peltola K, et al. Cabozantinib versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1814–23. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1510016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Escudier B, Oudard S, Hutson TE, Porta C, Bracarda S, Grünwald V, Thompson JA, Figlin RA, Hollaender N, et al. Phase 3 trial of everolimus for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: final results and analysis of prognostic factors. Cancer. 2010;116(18):4256–65. doi:10.1002/cncr.25219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudes G, Carducci M, Tomczak P, Dutcher J, Figlin R, Kapoor A, Staroslawska E, Sosman J, McDermott D, Bodrogi I, et al. Temsirolimus, interferon alfa, or both for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(22):2271–81. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa066838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer R, Escudier B, McDermott D, George S, Hammers HJ, Srinivas S, Tykodi SS, Sosman JA, Procopio G, Plimack ER, et al. Nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(19):1803–13. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1510665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mennitto A, Grassi P, Ratta R, Grassi P, Ratta R, Verzoni E, Prisciandaro M, Procopio G. Nivolumab in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: clinical trial evidence and experience. Ther Adv Urol. 2016;8(5):319–26. doi:10.1177/1756287216656811.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzo M, Porta C. Sunitinib in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma: an update on recent evidence. Ther Adv Urol. 2017 Jun 29;9(8):195–207. 10.1177/1756287217713902. PMID: 29662544; PMCID: PMC5896861.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michael A, Pandha HS. Renal-cell carcinoma: tumour markers, T-cell epitopes, and potential for new therapies. Lancet Oncol. 2003 Apr;4(4):215–23. doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(03)01044-1. PMID: 12681265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths RW, Elkord E, Gilham DE, Ramani V, Clarke N, Stern PL, Hawkins RE. Frequency of regulatory T cells in renal cell carcinoma patients and investigation of correlation with survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2007 Nov;56(11):1743–53. doi:10.1007/s00262-007-0318-z. Epub 2007 May 9. PMID: 17487490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson RH, Gillett MD, Cheville JC, Lohse CM, Dong H, Webster WS, Chen L, Zincke H, Blute ML, Leibovich BC, et al. Costimulatory molecule B7-H1 in primary and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2005 Nov 15;104(10):2084–91. doi: 10.1002/cncr.21470. PMID: 16208700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parry RV, Chemnitz JM, Frauwirth KA, Lanfranco AR, Braunstein I, Kobayashi SV, Linsley PS, Thompson CB, Riley JL. CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors inhibit T-cell activation by distinct mechanisms. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Nov;25(21):9543–53. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.21.9543-9553.2005. PMID: 16227604; PMCID: PMC1265804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardoll DM. The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Mar 22;12(4):252–64. doi: 10.1038/nrc3239. PMID: 22437870; PMCID: PMC4856023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okazaki T, Honjo T. PD-1 and PD-1 ligands: from discovery to clinical application. Int Immunol. 2007 Jul;19(7):813–24. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm057. Epub 2007 Jul 2. PMID: 17606980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rini BI, Atkins MB. Resistance to targeted therapy in renal-cell carcinoma. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Oct;10(10):992–1000. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70240-2. PMID: 19796751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen RB, Oudard S. Antiangiogenic therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma: management of treatment-related toxicities. Invest New Drugs. 2012;30(5):2066–79. doi:10.1007/s10637-012-9796-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma SG, Nanda S, Longo S. Anti-angiogenic therapy in renal cell carcinoma. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2010;5(1):77–83. doi:10.2174/157489210789702181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusmartsev S, Eruslanov E, Kübler H, Tseng T, Sakai Y, Su Z, Kaliberov S, Heiser A, Rosser C, Dahm P, et al. Oxidative stress regulates expression of VEGFR1 in myeloid cells: link to tumor-induced immune suppression in renal cell carcinoma. J Immunol. 2008 Jul 1;181(1):346–53. 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.346. PMID: 18566400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osada T, Chong G, Tansik R, Hong T, Spector N, Kumar R, Hurwitz HI, Dev I, Nixon AB, Lyerly HK, et al. The effect of anti-VEGF therapy on immature myeloid cell and dendritic cells in cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2008 Aug;57(8):1115–24. doi:10.1007/s00262-007-0441-x. Epub 2008 Jan 10. PMID: 18193223; PMCID: PMC4110970.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallin JJ, Bendell JC, Funke R, Sznol M, Korski K, Jones S, Hernandez G, Mier J, He X, Hodi FS, et al. Atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab enhances antigen-specific T-cell migration in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Nat Commun. 2016;7(1):12624. doi:10.1038/ncomms12624. PubMed: 27571927.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Tannir NM, McDermott DF, Arén Frontera O, Melichar B, Choueiri TK, Plimack ER, Barthélémy P, Porta C, George S, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 5;378(14):1277–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1712126. Epub 2018 Mar 21. PMID: 29562145; PMCID: PMC5972549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Penkov K, Haanen J, Rini B, Albiges L, Campbell MT, Venugopal B, Kollmannsberger C, Negrier S, Uemura M, et al. Avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 21;380(12):1103–15. 10.1056/NEJMoa1816047. Epub 2019 Feb 16. PMID: 30779531; PMCID: PMC6716603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rini BI, Plimack ER, Stus V, Gafanov R, Hawkins R, Nosov D, Pouliot F, Alekseev B, Soulières D, Melichar B, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 21;380(12):1116–27. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1816714. Epub 2019 Feb 16. PMID: 30779529.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) [Internet]. 2020. https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocolDevelopment/electronic_applications/ctc.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Choueiri TK, Motzer RJ, Longo DL. Systemic therapy for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jan 26;376(4):354–66. 10.1056/NEJMra1601333. PMID: 28121507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choueiri TK, Kaelin WG Jr. Targeting the HIF2-VEGF axis in renal cell carcinoma. Nat Med. 2020 Oct;26(10):1519–30. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1093-z. Epub 2020 Oct 5. PMID: 33020645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Jonasch E, Boyle S, Carlo MI, Manley B, Agarwal N, Alva A, Beckermann K, Choueiri TK, Costello BA, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: kidney cancer, version 1.2021. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2020;18(9):1160–70. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2020.0043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bedke J, Albiges L, Capitanio U, Giles RH, Hora M, Lam TB, Ljungberg B, Marconi L, Klatte T, Volpe A, et al. Updated European Association of Urology guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: nivolumab plus cabozantinib joins immune checkpoint inhibition combination therapies for treatment-naïve metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Eur Urol. 2021;79(3):339–42. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2020.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer RJ, Rini BI, McDermott DF, Arén Frontera O, Hammers HJ, Carducci MA, Salman P, Escudier B, Beuselinck B, Amin A, et al. CheckMate 214 investigators. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended follow-up of efficacy and safety results from a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019 Oct;20(10):1370–85. doi:10.1016/S14702045(19)30413-9. Epub 2019 Aug 16. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2019 Aug 21;: Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2020 Jun;21(6):e304. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2020 Nov;21(11):e518. PMID: 31427204; PMCID: PMC7497870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cella D, Grünwald V, Escudier B, Hammers HJ, George S, Nathan P, Grimm MO, Rini BI, Doan J, Ivanescu C, et al. Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib (CheckMate 214): a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019 Feb;20(2):297–310. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30778-2. Epub 2019 Jan 15. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2019 Jun;20(6):e293. PMID: 30658932; PMCID: PMC6701190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albiges L, Tannir NM, Burotto M, McDermott D, Plimack ER, Barthélémy P, Porta C, Powles T, Donskov F, George S, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended 4-year follow-up of the phase III CheckMate 214 trial. ESMO Open. 2020;5(6):e001079. doi:10.1136/esmoopen-2020-001079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powles T, Plimack ER, Soulières D, Waddell T, Stus V, Gafanov R, Nosov D, Pouliot F, Melichar B, Vynnychenko I, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib monotherapy as first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-426): extended follow-up from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Dec;21(12):1563–73. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30436-8. Epub 2020 Oct 23. Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2020 Dec;21(12):e553. PMID: 33284113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plimack ER, Powles T, Bedke J, Pouliot F, Stus V, Waddell T, Gafanov R, Nosov D, Alekseev B, McDermott RS, et al. Outcomes for patients in the pembrolizumab+axitinib arm with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who completed two years of treatment in the phase III KEYNOTE-426 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(6_suppl):327–327. doi:10.1200/JCO.2021.39.6_suppl.327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motzer R, Alekseev B, Rha SY, Porta C, Eto M, Powles T, Grünwald V, Hutson TE, Kopyltsov E, Méndez-Vidal MJ, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 8;384(14):1289–300. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2035716. Epub 2021 Feb 13. PMID: 33616314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cella D, Motzer RJ, Suarez C, Blum SI, Ejzykowicz F, Hamilton M, Wallace JF, Simsek B, Zhang J, Ivanescu C, et al. Patient-reported outcomes with first-line nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated in CheckMate 9ER: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2022 Feb;23(2):292–303. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00693-8. Epub 2022 Jan 12. PMID: 35032437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung I, Sahu A. Immune checkpoint inhibitor in first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a review of current evidence and future directions. Front Oncol. 2021 Aug 30;11:707214. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.707214. PMID: 34527581; PMCID: PMC8435744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massari F, Rizzo A, Mollica V, Rosellini M, Marchetti A, Ardizzoni A, Santoni M. Immune-based combinations for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Eur J Cancer. 2021 Sep;154:120–7. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2021.06.015. Epub 2021 Jul 12. PMID: 34265504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choueiri TK, Tomczak P, Park SH, Venugopal B, Ferguson T, Chang YH, Hajek J, Symeonides SN, Lee JL, Sarwar N, et al. Adjuvant pembrolizumab after nephrectomy in renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021 Aug 19;385(8):683–94. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2106391. PMID: 34407342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maiorano BA, Ciardiello D, Maiello E, Roviello G. Comparison of anti–programmed cell death ligand 1 therapy combinations vs sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314144. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar