References
- Cronin KA, Lake AJ, Scott S. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, part I: national cancer statistics. Cancer. 2018;124:2785–2800.
- El-Serag HB, Kanwal F. Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: where are we? Where do we go? Hepatology. 2014;60:1767–1775.
- Llovet JM, Burroughs A, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2003;362(9399):1907–1917.
- Lin Y, Xu J, Lan H. Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor metastasis: biological roles and clinical therapeutic applications. J Hematol Oncol. 2019;12:76.
- Biswas S, Mantovani A. Macrophage plasticity and interaction with lymphocyte subsets: cancer as a paradigm. Nat Immunol. 2010;11:889–896.
- Wildes T, Dyson K, Francis C, et al. Immune escape after adoptive T cell therapy for malignant gliomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:5689–5700.
- Ham S, Lima L, Chai E, et al. viaBreast cancer-derived exosomes alter macrophage polarization gp130/STAT3 signaling. Front Immunol. 2018;9:871.
- Wolf-Dennen K, Gordon N, Kleinerman E. Exosomal communication by metastatic osteosarcoma cells modulates alveolar macrophages to an M2 tumor-promoting phenotype and inhibits tumoricidal functions. Oncoimmunology. 2020;9:1747677.
- Li X, Lei Y, Wu M, et al. Regulation of macrophage activation and polarization by HCC-derived exosomal lncRNA TUC339. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19:2958.
- Pease N, Shephard M, Sertorio M, et al. DEK expression in breast cancer cells leads to the alternative activation of tumor associated macrophages. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12(7):1936.
- Rhodes D, Yu J, Shanker K, et al. ONCOMINE: a cancer microarray database and integrated data-mining platform. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.). 2004;6:1–6.
- Ritchie M, Phipson B, Wu D, et al. limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43:e47.
- Wickham H. Ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated; 2009.
- Subramanian A, Tamayo P, Mootha V, et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2005;102:15545–15550.
- Li T, Fan J, Wang B, et al. TIMER: a web server for comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Cancer Res. 2017;77:e108–e10.
- Mas V, Maluf D, Archer K, et al. Genes involved in viral carcinogenesis and tumor initiation in hepatitis C virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med (Cambridge, MA). 2009;15(3–4):85–94.
- Roessler S, Jia H, Budhu A, et al. A unique metastasis gene signature enables prediction of tumor relapse in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Cancer Res. 2010;70(24):10202–10212.
- Wurmbach E, Chen Y, Khitrov G, et al. Genome-wide molecular profiles of HCV-induced dysplasia and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2007;45:938–947.
- Xi J, Huang Q, Wang L, et al. miR-21 depletion in macrophages promotes tumoricidal polarization and enhances PD-1 immunotherapy. Oncogene. 2018;37:3151–3165.
- Pallocca M, Angeli D, Palombo F, et al. Combinations of immuno-checkpoint inhibitors predictive biomarkers only marginally improve their individual accuracy. J Transl Med. 2019;17:131.
- Chamoto K, Hatae R, Honjo T. Current issues and perspectives in PD-1 blockade cancer immunotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol. 2020;25:790–800.
- Lv J, Chen F, Liu C, et al. Zoledronic acid inhibits thyroid cancer stemness and metastasis by repressing M2-like tumor-associated macrophages induced Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Life Sci. 2020;256:117925.
- Tian X, Wu Y, Yang Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA LINC00662 promotes M2 macrophage polarization and hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mol Oncol. 2020;14:462–483.
- Donadon M, Torzilli G, Cortese N, et al. Macrophage morphology correlates with single-cell diversity and prognosis in colorectal liver metastasis. J Exp Med. 2020;217. DOI:10.1084/jem.20191847
- Xia H, Li S, Li X, et al. Autophagic adaptation to oxidative stress alters peritoneal residential macrophage survival and ovarian cancer metastasis. JCI Insight. 2020;5. DOI:10.1172/jci.insight.141115
- Shiau D, Kuo W, Davuluri G, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived high mobility group box 1 triggers M2 macrophage polarization via a TLR2/NOX2/autophagy axis. Sci Rep. 2020;10:13582.
- Kaneko T, Amano M, Maeda A, et al. Identification of calponin as a novel substrate of Rho-kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000;273:110–116.
- Amano M, Nakayama M, Kaibuchi K. Rho-kinase/ROCK: a key regulator of the cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, NJ). 2010;67:545–554.
- Ye Y, Zhang R, Feng H. Fibronectin promotes tumor cells growth and drugs resistance through a CDC42-YAP-dependent signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Int. 2020;44:1840–1849.
- Pulecio J, Petrovic J, Prete F, et al. Cdc42-mediated MTOC polarization in dendritic cells controls targeted delivery of cytokines at the immune synapse. J Exp Med. 2010;207:2719–2732.
- Lu W, Zhilan L. Degradation of Cdc42 in response to lipid antigen variants controls immune responses of iNKT cells via regulating direction of IL4 secretion. The 12th National Congress of immunology.
- Piñeiro Fernández J, Luddy K, Harmon C, et al. Hepatic tumor microenvironments and effects on NK cell phenotype and function. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20:4131.
- Mantovani S, Oliviero B, Varchetta S, et al. Natural killer cell responses in hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12:926.
- Sadeghi Rad H, Monkman J, Warkiani M, et al. Understanding the tumor microenvironment for effective immunotherapy. Med Res Rev. 2020;1:25.
- Johnson D, Burtness B, Leemans C, et al. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6:92.
- Kumar S, Joga S, Biswas B, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a metacentric experience from India. Curr Probl Cancer. 2020;44:100549.
- Lai E, Astara G, Ziranu P, et al. Introducing immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: too early or too fast? Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology. 2020;157:103167.
- Albarel F, Castinetti F, Brue T. MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: immune check point inhibitors-induced hypophysitis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2019;181:R107–R18.
- Sharma A, Johnson A. Exosome DNA: critical regulator of tumor immunity and a diagnostic biomarker. J Cell Physiol. 2020;235:1921–1932.
- Lv J, Feng Z, Chen F, et al. M2-like tumor-associated macrophages-secreted Wnt1 and Wnt3a promotes dedifferentiation and metastasis via activating β-catenin pathway in thyroid cancer. Mol Carcinog. 2020.
- Chen Z, Hua S. Transcription factor-mediated signaling pathways’ contribution to the pathology of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Transl Res. 2020;12:5608–5618.
- Yuan C, Yang D, Ma J, et al. Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in IL-17A-mediated macrophage polarization of RAW264.7. cells. 2020;53:e9488.
- Feng Y, Liang Y, Zhu X, et al. The signaling protein Wnt5a promotes TGFβ1-mediated macrophage polarization and kidney fibrosis by inducing the transcriptional regulators Yap/Taz. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2018;293:19290–19302.
- Han B, Zhao J, Wang W, et al. Cdc42 promotes schwann cell proliferation and migration through Wnt/β-catenin and p38 MAPK signaling pathway after sciatic nerve injury. Neurochem Res. 2017;42:1317–1324.
- Schlessinger K, McManus E, Hall A. Cdc42 and noncanonical Wnt signal transduction pathways cooperate to promote cell polarity. J Cell Biol. 2007;178:355–361.