Advanced search
Publication Cover
Materials Research Letters Volume 11, 2023 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
2,767
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Reports

Strong bulk spin–orbit torques quantified in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2

Franziska Martina Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyView further author information
,
Kyujoon Leea Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;b Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics, Korea University, Sejong, South KoreaCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
,
Maurice Schmitta Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyView further author information
,
Anna Liedtkea Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyView further author information
,
Aga Shaheea Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyView further author information
,
Haakon Thømt Simensenc Centre for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayView further author information
,
Tanja Scholzd Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, GermanyView further author information
,
Tom G. Saundersona Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyView further author information
,
Dongwook Goa Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;e Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Jülich, GermanyView further author information
,
Martin Gradhanda Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;f H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKView further author information
,
Yuriy Mokrousova Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;e Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Jülich, GermanyView further author information
,
Thibaud Denneuling Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, GermanyView further author information
,
András Kovácsg Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, GermanyView further author information
,
Bettina Lotschd Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, GermanyView further author information
,
Arne Brataasc Centre for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayView further author information
&
Mathias Kläuia Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;c Centre for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayView further author information
 show all
Pages 84-89 | Received 19 Apr 2022, Published online: 22 Sep 2022

References

  • Huang B, Clark G, Navarro-Moratalla E, et al. Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van Der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit. Nature. 2017;546(7657):270–273. doi:10.1038/nature22391.
  • Gong C, Zhang X. Two-Dimensional magnetic crystals and emergent heterostructure devices. Science. 2019;363(6428):eaav4450, doi:10.1126/science.aav4450.
  • Gong C, Li L, Li Z, et al. Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in Two-dimensional van Der Waals crystals. Nature. 2017;546(7657):265–269. doi:10.1038/nature22060.
  • Gibertini M, Koperski M, Morpurgo AF, et al. Magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures. Nat Nanotechnol. 2019;14(5):408–419. doi:10.1038/s41565-019-0438-6.
  • Wang QH, Bedoya-Pinto A, Blei M, et al. The magnetic genome of Two-dimensional van der Waals materials. ACS Nano. 2022;16:6960–7079.
  • Manchon A, Železný J, Miron IM, et al. Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems. Rev Mod Phys. 2019;91(3):035004-(1-80), doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.91.035004.
  • Ostwal, V., Shen, T., Appenzeller, J. Efficient spin-orbit torque switching of the semiconducting Van Der Waals ferromagnet Cr2Ge2Te6. Adv Mater. 2020, 32 (7), 1906021. doi:10.1002/adma.201906021.
  • Alghamdi M, Lohmann M, Li J, et al. Highly efficient spin–orbit torque and switching of layered ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2. Nano Lett. 2019;19(7):4400–4405. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01043.
  • Wang X, Tang J, Xia X, et al. Current-Driven magnetization switching in a van Der waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2. Sci Adv. 2019;5(8):eaaw8904, doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw8904.
  • Verchenko VY, Tsirlin AA, Sobolev AV, et al. Ferromagnetic order, strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and magnetocaloric effect in the layered telluride Fe3−δGeTe2. Inorg Chem. 2015;54(17):8598–8607. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01260.
  • Park SY, Kim DS, Liu Y, et al. Controlling the magnetic anisotropy of the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 through hole doping. Nano Lett. 2020;20:95–100.
  • Fei Z, Huang B, Malinowski P, et al. Two-Dimensional itinerant ferromagnetism in atomically thin Fe3GeTe2. Nat Mater. 2018;17(9):778–782. doi:10.1038/s41563-018-0149-7.
  • Ding B, Li Z, Xu G, et al. Observation of magnetic skyrmion bubbles in a van Der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2. Nano Lett. 2020;20(2):868–873. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03453.
  • Wu Y, Zhang S, Zhang J, et al. Néel-Type skyrmion in WTe2/Fe3GeTe2 van Der Waals heterostructure. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):3860, doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17566-x.
  • Park T-E, Peng L, Liang J, et al. Néel-Type skyrmions and their current-induced motion in van Der Waals ferromagnet-based heterostructures. Phys Rev B. 2021;103(10):104410, doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.103.104410.
  • León-Brito N, Bauer ED, Ronning F, et al. Magnetic microstructure and magnetic properties of uniaxial itinerant ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2. J Appl Phys. 2016;120(8):83903, doi:10.1063/1.4961592.
  • Deng Y, Yu Y, Song Y, et al. Gate-Tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in Two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2. Nature. 2018;563(7729):94–99. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0626-9.
  • Johansen Ø, Risinggård V, Sudbø A, et al. Current control of magnetism in Two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2. Phys Rev Lett. 2019;122(21):217203, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.217203.
  • Lee JW, Park JY, Yuk JM, et al. Spin-Orbit torque in a perpendicularly magnetized ferrimagnetic Tb-Co single layer. Phys Rev Appl. 2020;13(4):44030, doi:10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.044030.
  • Zheng SQ, Meng KK, Liu QB, et al. Disorder dependent spin–orbit torques in L10 FePt single layer. Appl Phys Lett. 2020;117(24):242403, doi:10.1063/5.0028815.
  • Garello K, Miron IM, Avci CO, et al. Symmetry and magnitude of spin–orbit torques in ferromagnetic heterostructures. Nat Nanotechnol. 2013;8(8):587–593. doi:10.1038/nnano.2013.145.
  • Manchon, A.; Belabbes, A. Chapter One - spin-orbitronics at transition metal interfaces Vol. 68, In Camley, R. E., Stamps, R. L. B. T.-S. S. P., editors. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, 2017; pp 1–89. 10.1016/bs.ssp.2017.07.001.
  • Kim D, Park S, Lee J, et al. Antiferromagnetic coupling of van Der Waals ferromagnetic Fe3GeTe2. Nanotechnology. 2019;30(24):245701, doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ab0a37.
  • Park T-E, Peng L, Liang J, et al. Néel-type skyrmions and their current-induced motion in van Der Waals ferromagnet-based heterostructures. arXiv:1907.01425. July 1, 2019, p arXiv:1907.01425.
  • Kim DS, Kee JY, Lee JE, et al. Surface oxidation in a van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3-xGeTe2. Curr Appl Phys. 2021;30:40–45.
  • Ho P, Zhang J, Bono DC, et al. Oersted field and spin current effects on magnetic domains in [Co/Pd]15 nanowires. IEEE Trans Magn. 2016;52(6):1–6. doi:10.1109/TMAG.2016.2526972.
  • Zhang K, Han S, Lee Y, et al. Gigantic current control of coercive field and magnetic memory based on nanometer-thin ferromagnetic van Der Waals Fe3GeTe2. Adv Mater. 2021;33(4):2004110, doi:10.1002/adma.202004110.
  • Saunderson TG, Go D, Blügel S, et al. Hidden interplay of current-induced spin and orbital torques in bulk Fe3GeTe2, arXiv:2204.13052 (2022).
  • Chakraborty A, Srivastava AK, Sharma AK, et al. Magnetic skyrmions in a thickness tunable 2D ferromagnet from a defect driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. Adv Mater. 2022;34:2108637.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.