Large eddy simulation of the turbulent flow field around a submerged pile within a scour hole under current condition

References

• Ahmed, F., and N. Rajaratnam. 1997. “Three-Dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layers: A Review.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 35 (1): 81–98. doi:10.1080/00221689709498645.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., D. Ferraro, A. Lauria, and R. Gaudio. 2019. “Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Natural-Bed Flow.” Physics of Fluids 31 (8): 085105. doi:10.1063/1.5116522.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., A. Lauria, and L. Primavera. 2012a. “A Study of Vortical Structures past the Lower Portion of the Ahmed Car Model.” Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing 19 (1): 81–95. doi:10.1615/JFlowVisImageProc.2012005379.
   Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., A. Lauria, and L. Primavera. 2012b. “Structures of Viscous-wave Flow around a Large-diameter Circular Cylinder.” Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing 19 (4): 323–354. doi:10.1615/JFlowVisImageProc.2014010739.
   Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., A. Lauria, and L. Primavera. 2013a. “On Evaluation of Wave Forces and Runups on Cylindrical Obstacles.” Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing 20 (4): 269–291. doi:10.1615/JFlowVisImageProc.2015014192.
   Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., A. Lauria, and L. Primavera. 2013b. “Proper Orthogonal Flow Modes in Viscous-Fluid Wave-Diffraction Case.” Journal of Flow Visualization and Image Processing 20 (4): 227–241. doi:10.1615/JFlowVisImageProc.2015013508.
   Google Scholar
• Alfonsi, G., A. Lauria, and L. Primavera. 2015. “The Field of Flow Structures Generated by a Wave of Viscous Fluid around Vertical Circular Cylinder Piercing the Free Surface.” Procedia Engineering 116: 103–110. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.270.
   Google Scholar
• Calomino, F., G. Alfonsi, R. Gaudio, A. D’Ippolito, A. Lauria, A. Tafarojnoruz, and S. Artese. 2018. “Experimental and Numerical Study of Free-Surface Flows in a Corrugated Pipe.” Water (Switzerland) 10 (5). doi:10.3390/w10050638.
   Google Scholar
• Castro, I. P., and A. Haque. 1988. “The Structure of a Shear Layer Bounding a Separation Region. Part 2. Effects of Free-Stream Turbulence.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics 192 (July): 577–595. doi:10.1017/S0022112088001995.
   Google Scholar
• D’Ippolito, A., A. Lauria, G. Alfonsi, and F. Calomino. 2019. “Investigation of Flow Resistance Exerted by Rigid Emergent Vegetation in Open Channel.” Acta Geophysica 67 (3): 971–986. doi:10.1007/s11600-019-00280-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey, S., R. V. Raikar, and A. Roy. 2008. “Scour at Submerged Cylindrical Obstacles under Steady Flow.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134 (1): 105–109. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:1(105).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubief, Y., and F. Delcayre. 2000. “On Coherent-Vortex Identification in Turbulence.” Journal of Turbulence 1 (January): 1–22. doi:10.1088/1468-5248/1/1/011.
   Google Scholar
• Euler, T., and J. Herget. 2011. “Obstacle-Reynolds-Number Based Analysis of Local Scour at Submerged Cylinders.” Journal of Hydraulic Research 49 (2): 267–271. doi:10.1080/00221686.2010.547719.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fröhlich, J., and W. Rodi. 2004. “LES of the Flow around a Circular Cylinder of Finite Height.” International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 25 (3): 537–548. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2004.02.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Issa, R. I. 1986. “Solution of the Implicitly Discretised Fluid Flow Equations by Operator-Splitting.” Journal of Computational Physics 62 (1): 40–65. doi:10.1016/0021-9991(86)90099-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston, J. P. 1960. “On the Three-Dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layer Generated by Secondary Flow.” Journal of Basic Engineering 82 (1): 233–246. doi:10.1115/1.3662539.
   Google Scholar
• Kappler, M. 2002. Experimentelle Untersuchung Der Umströmung von Kreiszylindern Mit Ausgeprägt Dreidimensionalen Effekten. University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Kirkil, G., S. G. Constantinescu, and R. Ettema. 2008. “Coherent Structures in the Flow Field around a Circular Cylinder with Scour Hole.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 134 (5): 572–587. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:5(572).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kravchenko, A. G., and P. Moin. 2000. “Numerical Studies of Flow over a Circular Cylinder at ReD=3900.” Physics of Fluids 12 (2): 403–417. doi:10.1063/1.870318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, X., G. S. Karamanos, and G. E. Karniadakis. 2000. “Dynamics and Low-Dimensionality of a Turbulent near Wake.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics 410 (May): 29–65. doi:10.1017/S0022112099007934.
   Google Scholar
• Nicoud, F., and F. Ducros. 1999. “Subgrid-Scale Stress Modelling Based on the Square of the Velocity Gradient Tensor.” Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 62 (3): 183–200. doi:10.1023/A:1009995426001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OpenFOAM® User Guide. 2017. Accessed 10 September 2017. https://Cfd.Direct/Openfoam/User-Guide/
   Google Scholar
• Perry, A. E., and P. N. Joubert. 1965. “A Three-Dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layer.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics 22 (2): 285–304. doi:10.1017/S0022112065000757.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prandtl, L. 1946. On Boundary Layers in Three-Dimensional Flow. Völkenrode, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Sadeque, M. A. F., N. Rajaratnam, and M. R. Loewen. 2008. “Flow around Cylinders in Open Channels.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics 134 (1): 60–71. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2008)134:1(60).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidebottom, W., A. Ooi, and D. Jones. 2012. “Large Eddy Simulation of Flow past a Circular Cylinder at Reynolds Number 3900.” In 18th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, Launceston, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Tafarojnoruz, A., R. Gaudio, and F. Calomino. 2012a. “Bridge Pier Scour Mitigation under Steady and Unsteady Flow Conditions.” Acta Geophysica 60 (4): 1076–1097. doi:10.2478/s11600-012-0040-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tafarojnoruz, A., R. Gaudio, and F. Calomino. 2012b. “Effects of a Slotted Bridge Pier on the Approach Flow.” In Proceedings of XXXIII Convegno Nazionale Di Idraulica e Costruzioni Idrauliche IDRA 2012, Brescia, Italy.
   Google Scholar
• Zdravkovich, M. M. 1997. Flow around Circular Cylinders. Oxford Science Publications. New York, United States: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, M., L. Cheng, and Z. Zang. 2010. “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Local Scour around a Submerged Vertical Circular Cylinder in Steady Currents.” Coastal Engineering 57 (8): 709–721. doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2010.03.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar