1,346
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Invisible Friend or Foe?How Journalists Use and Perceive Algorithmic-Driven Tools in Their Research Process

, , , ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Balkin, J. 2018. “Free Speech in the Algorithmic Society: Big Data.” Private Governance, and New School Speech Regulation. University of California, Davis Law Review, (51), 11511210.
  • Beckett, C. 2019. New powers, new responsibilities: A global survey of journalism and artificial intelligence. London School of Economics. Retrieved from https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/polis/2019/11/18/new-powers-new-responsibilities/.
  • Bodó, B. 2019. “Selling News to Audiences–a Qualitative Inquiry into the Emerging Logics of Algorithmic News Personalization in European Quality News Media.” Digital Journalism 7 (8): 1054–1075.
  • Brandtzaeg, P. B., M. Lüders, J. Spangenberg, L. Rath-Wiggins, and A. Følstad. 2016. “Emerging Journalistic Verification Practices Concerning Social Media.” Journalism Practice, 10 (3): 323–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2015.1020331
  • Bucher, T. 2017. “The Algorithmic Imaginary: Exploring the Ordinary Affects of Facebook Algorithms.” Information, Communication & Society 20 (1): 30–44.
  • Caplan, R., and D. Boyd. 2018. “Isomorphism through Algorithms: Institutional Dependencies in the Case of Facebook.” Big Data & Society 5 (1): 205395171875725.
  • Castelvecchi, D. 2016. “Can we Open the Black Box of AI?” Nature News 538 (7623): 20–23.
  • DeVito, M. A., J. Birnholtz, J. T. Hancock, M. French, and S. Liu. (2018, April). “How People Form Folk Theories of Social Media Feeds and What It Means for How we Study Selfpresentation.” In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (1–12).
  • DeVito, M. A., D. Gergle, and J. Birnholtz. (2017, May). " “Algorithms Ruin Everything" # RIPTwitter, Folk Theories, and Resistance to Algorithmic Change in Social Media.” In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (31633174).
  • Diakopoulos, N. 2015. “Algorithmic Accountability.” Digital Journalism 3 (3): 398–415.
  • Diakopoulos, N. 2019. “Towards a Design Orientation on Algorithms and Automation in News Production.” Digital Journalism 7 (8): 1180–1184.
  • Diakopoulos, N. 2020. “Computational News Discovery: Towards Design Considerations for Editorial Orientation Algorithms in Journalism.” Digital Journalism 8 (7): 945–923.
  • Diakopoulos, Nicholas, and Michael Koliska. (2017). “Algorithmic Transparency in the News Media.” Digital Journalism 5 (7): 809–828.
  • Diakopoulos, N., A. X. Zhang, and A. Salway. (2013, October). “Visual Analytics of Media Frames in Online News and Blogs.” In Proc. IEEE InfoVis Workshop on Text Visualization.
  • Diekerhof, E. 2021. “Changing Journalistic Information-Gathering Practices? Reliability in Everyday Information Gathering in High-Speed Newsrooms.” Journalism Practice. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1922300
  • Dierickx, L. 2020. “The Social Construction of News Automation and the User Experience.” Brazilian Journalism Research 16 (3): 432–457.
  • Eslami, M., A. Rickman, K. Vaccaro, A. Aleyasen, A. Vuong, K. Karahalios, … C. Sandvig. (2015, April). “I Always Assumed That I Wasn't Really That Close to [Her]" Reasoning about Invisible Algorithms in News Feeds.” In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (153–162).
  • Eslami, M., K. Karahalios, C. Sandvig, K. Vaccaro, A. Rickman, K. Hamilton, and A. Kirlik. (2016, May). “First I" like" It, Then I Hide It: Folk Theories of Social Feeds.” In Proceedings of the 2016 cHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2371–2382).
  • Eubanks, V. 2018. “Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile.” Police, and Punish the Poor (First Edition). New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press.
  • Fletcher, R., S. Schifferes, and N. Thurman. 2020. “Building the “Truthmeter”: Training Algorithms to Help Journalists Assess the Credibility of Social Media Sources.” Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 26 (1): 19–34.
  • French, M., and J. Hancock. 2017. “What's the Folk Theory? Reasoning about Cyber-Social Systems.” Reasoning about Cyber-Social Systems (February 2, 2017). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2910571
  • Gelman, S. A., and C. H. Legare. 2011. “Concepts and Folk Theories.” Annual Review of Anthropology 40: 379–398.
  • Gieling, R. 2021, April 16. ADAM en Maura, de nieuwe robotcollega's op de redactie [ADAM and Maura, the new robot colleagues at the newsroom.] Villamedia.nl. https://www.villamedia.nl/artikel/adam-en-maura-de-nieuwe-robotcollegas-op-de-redactie.
  • Gillespie, T. 2014. “The Relevance of Algorithms.” In Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Materiality and Society, edited by T. Gillespie, P. Bockowski, K. Foot. Cambridge: MIT Press Scholarship Online.
  • Gutierrez-Lopez, M., S. Missaoui, S. Makri, C. Porlezza, G. Cooper, and A. MacFarlane. (2019. February). “Journalists as Design Partners for AI.” In Workshop for Accurate, Impartial and Transparent Journalism: challenges and Solutions. CHI 2019.
  • Hamilton, K., K. Karahalios, C. Sandvig, and M. Eslami. 2014. “A Path to Understanding the Effects of Algorithm Awareness.” In Proc. CHI EA 2014, Extended abstracts Human Facors in Computing Systems, 631–642.
  • Hanselowski, A., C. Stab, C. Schulz, Z. Li, and I. Gurevych. 2019. “A Richly Annotated Corpus for Different Tasks in Automated Fact-Checking.” arXiv Preprint arXiv:1911.01214. https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01214
  • Hansen, Mark, Meritxell Roca-Sales, Jon Keegan, and George King. 2017. “Artificial Intelligence: Practice and Implications for Journalism.” Tow Center for Digital Journalism, New York: Columbia Journalism School. https://towcenter.org/research/artificial-intelligencepractice-and-implications-for-journalism/.
  • Hassan, N., F. Arslan, C. Li, and M. Tremayne. (2017, August). “Toward Automated Factchecking: Detecting Check-Worthy Factual Claims by Claimbuster.” In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (1803–1812).
  • Hassan, N., A. Sultana, Y. Wu, G. Zhang, C. Li, J. Yang, and C. Yu. 2014. “Data in, Fact out: Automated Monitoring of Facts by FactWatcher.” Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 7 (13): 1557–1560.
  • Helberger, N., S. J. Eskens, M. Z. van Drunen, M. B. Bastian, and J. E. Möller. 2019. “Implications of AI-Driven Tools in the Media for Freedom of Expression.” Paper Presented at Artificial Intelligence – Intelligent Politics: Challenges and Opportunities for Media and Democracy, Nicosia, Cyprus. https://hdl.handle.net/11245.1/64d9c9e7-d15c-4481-97d7-85ebb5179b32.
  • Hornmoen, H.,. K. Backholm, A. G. Larsen, J. Högväg, J. Ausserhofer, E. Frey, and G. Reimerth. 2017. “Crises, Rumours and Reposts: Journalists' Social Media Content Gathering and Verification Practices in Breaking News Situations.” Media and Communication 5 (2): 67–76.
  • Jamil, S. 2020. “Artificial Intelligence and Journalistic Practice: The Crossroads of Obstacles and Opportunities for the Pakistani Journalists.” Journalism Practice, 15 (10): 1400–1422.
  • Jones, R., and B. Jones. 2019. “Atomising the News: The (in) Flexibility of Structured Journalism.” Digital Journalism 7 (8): 1157–1179.
  • Kunert, J. 2020. “Automation in Sports Reporting: Strategies of Data Providers, Software Providers, and Media Outlets.” Media and Communication 8 (3): 5–15.
  • Lecheler, S., and S. Kruikemeier. 2016. “Re-Evaluating Journalistic Routines in a Digital Age: A Review of Research on the Use of Online Sources.” New Media & Society 18 (1): 156–171..
  • Logg, J. M., J. A. Minson, and D. A. Moore. 2019. “Algorithm Appreciation: People Prefer Algorithmic to Human Judgment.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 151: 90–103.
  • Machill, M., and M. Beiler. 2009. “The Importance of the Internet for Journalistic Research: A Multi-Method Study of the Research Performed by Journalists Working for Daily Newspapers, Radio, Television and Online.” Journalism Studies 10 (2): 178–203.
  • Maiden, Neil, Konstantinos Zachos, Amanda Brown, Dimitris Apostolou, Balder Holm, Lars Nyre, Aleksander Tonheim, and Arend van den Beld. 2020. “Digital Creativity Support for Original Journalism.” Communications of the ACM 63 (8): 46–53.
  • Mayhew, F. (2020, June 26). Most journalists see AI robots as a threat to their industry: This is why they are wrong. Press Gazette. https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/ai-journalism/
  • Mediaperspectives 2021a. Kansen voor AI in media [Opportunities for AI in media]. Retrieved from https://mediaperspectives.nl/app/uploads/2021/03/Kansen-voor-AI-inMdia.pdf
  • Mediaperspectives 2021b. Intentieverklaring voor verantwoord gebruik KI in media [Letter of intent for responsible use of AI in the media]. Retrieved from https://mediaperspectives.nl/intentieverklaring/
  • Milosavljević, M., and I. Vobič. 2019. “Human Still in the Loop: Editors Reconsider the Ideals of Professional Journalism through Automation.” Digital Journalism 7 (8): 1098–1116.
  • Nechushtai, Efrat, and Seth C. Lewis. 2019. “What Kind of News Gatekeepers Do we Want Machines to Be?” Computers in Human Behavior 90: 298–307.
  • Newman, N. 2021. Journalism, media and technology trends and predictions in 2021. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Retrieved from https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/journalism-media-and-technology-trends-and-predictions-2021.
  • Pariser, E. 2011. The Filter Bubble: How the New Personalized Web is Changing What we Read and How we Think. London: Penguin Books.
  • Pathak, A., and R. K. Srihari. (2019, July). “BREAKING! Presenting Fake News Corpus for Automated Fact Checking.” In Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop (357–362).
  • Peterson-Salahuddin, C., and N. Diakopoulos. 2020. “Negotiated Autonomy: The Role of Social Media Algorithms in Editorial Decision Making.” Media and Communication 8 (3): 27–38.
  • Powers, E. 2017. “My News Feed is Filtered? Awareness of News Personalization among College Students.” Digital Journalism 5 (10): 1315–1335.
  • Saldaña, J. 2013. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. 2nd ed. London: Sage.
  • Schapals, A. K., and C. Porlezza. 2020. “Assistance or Resistance? Evaluating the Intersection of Automated Journalism and Journalistic Role Conceptions.” Media and Communication 8 (3): 16–26.
  • Strauss, A. L., and J. Corbin. 1990. Basics of Qualitative Research: grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Newburg Park, CA: Sage.
  • Stray, J. 2019. “Making Artificial Intelligence Work for Investigative Journalism.” Digital Journalism 7 (8): 1076–1097.
  • Thurman, N., K. Dörr, and J. Kunert. 2017. “When Reporters Get Hands-on with Robo-Writing: Professionals Consider Automated Journalism’s Capabilities and Consequences.” Digital Journalism 5 (10): 1240–1259.
  • Thurman, Neil, Judith Moeller, Natali Helberger, and Damian Trilling. 2019. “My Friends, Editors, Algorithms, and I: Examining Audience Attitudes to News Selection.” Digital Journalism 7 (4): 447–469.
  • Thurman, N., S. Schifferes, R. Fletcher, N. Newman, S. Hunt, and A. K. Schapals. 2016. “Giving Computers a Nose for News: Exploring the Limits of Story Detection and Verification.” Digital Journalism 4 (7): 838–848.
  • Trielli, D., and N. Diakopoulos. (2019, May). “Search as News Curator: The Role of Google in Shaping Attention to News Information.” In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (1–15).
  • Tylor, J. 2015. “An Examination of How Student Journalists Seek Information and Evaluate Online Sources during the Newsgathering Process.” New Media & Society 17 (8): 1277–1298.
  • Van Dijck, J., D. Nieborg, and T. Poell. 2019. “Reframing Platform Power.” Internet Policy Review, 8 (2): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14763/2019.2.1414.
  • Van Leuven, S., S. Kruikemeier, S. Lecheler, and L. Hermans. 2018. “Online And Newsworthy.” Digital Journalism, 6 (7): 798–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1498747
  • Von Nordheim, G., Karin Boczek, and Lars Koppers. 2018. “Sourcing the Sources.” Digital Journalism 6 (7): 807–828.
  • Ytre-Arne, Brita, and H. Moe. 2020. “Folk Theories of Algorithms: Understanding Digital Irritation.” Media, Culture & Society : 0163443720972314.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.