References
- URL:http://www.alsuntangled.com/completed.html. Accessed: 2016-07-30. (Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6jOZoknma)
- URL:http://www.swansonvitamins.com/source-naturals-inosine-500-mg-120-tabs?otherSize=SN094&SourceCode=INTL405C&CAWELAID=249784076&catargetid=530002460000100149&cadevice=c&mkwid=VLkUpZ12&pcrid=80480685367&gclid=CNCdoq6-jc4CFRJahgodw9YLzA. Accessed: 2016-07-30. (Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6jOa32ySH)
- Marangos P, Trams E, Clark-Rosenberg R, Pal S, Skolick P. Anticonvulsant doses of inosine result in brain levels sufficient to inhibit [3H] diazepam binding. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1981;75:175–8.
- Parkinson Study Group S-PDI, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A, Beal MF, Cudkowicz ME, Curhan G, et al. Inosine to increase serum and cerebrospinal fluid urate in Parkinson's disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71:141–50.
- Ames BN, Cathcart R, Schwiers E, Hochstein P. Uric acid provides an antioxidant defencee in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: a hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981;78:6858–62.
- Bowman GL, Shannon J, Frei B, Kaye JA, Quinn JF. Uric acid as a CNS antioxidant. J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;19:1331–6.
- Alonso A, Rodriguez LA, Logroscino G, Hernan MA. Gout and risk of Parkinson's disease: a prospective study. Neurology. 2007;69:1696–700.
- Gonzalez-Aramburu I, Sanchez-Juan P, Jesus S, Gorostidi A, Fernandez-Juan E, Carillo F, et al. Genetic variability related to serum uric acid concentration and risk of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2013;28:1737–40.
- Weisskopf MG, O'Reilly E, Chen H, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A. Plasma urate and risk of Parkinson's disease. Am J Epidemiol. 2007;166:561–7.
- Lu N, Dubreuil M, Zhang Y, Neogi T, Rai SK, Ascherio A, et al. Gout and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a population based, BMI-matched cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:547–551.
- Ascherio A, LeWitt PA, Xu K, Eberly S, Watts A, Mattson W, et al. Urate as a predictor of the rate of clinical decline in Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:1460–8.
- Schwarzschild MA, Schwid SR, Marek K, Watts A, Lang AE, Oakes D, et al. Serum urate as a predictor of clinical and radiographic progression in Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol. 2008;65:716–23.
- Simon KC, Eberly S, Gao X, Oakes D, Tanner CM, Shoulson I, et al. Mendelian randomization of serum urate and Parkinson's disease progression. Ann Neurol. 2014;76:862–8.
- D'Amico E, Factor-Litvak P, Santella RM, Mitsumoto H. Clinical perspective on oxidative stress in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;65:509–27.
- Abraham A, Drory VE. Influence of serum uric acid levels on prognosis and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology. 2014;261:1133–8.
- Paganoni S, Zhang M, Quiroz Zarate A, Jaffa M, Yu H, Cudkowicz M, et. al. Uric acid levels predict survival in men with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Neurology. 2012;259:1923–8.
- Kuffner R, Zach N, Norel R, Hawe J, Schoenfeld D, Wang L, et al. Crowd-sourced analysis of clinical trial data to predict amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression. Nat Biotechnol. 2015;33:51–7.
- Atassi N, Berry J, Shui A, Zach N, Sherman A, Sinani E, et al. The PRO-ACT database: design, initial analyses, and predictive features. Neurology. 2014;83: 1719–25.
- Keizman D, Ish-Shalom M, Berliner S, Maimon N, Vered Y, Artamonov I, et al. Low uric acid levels in serum of patients with ALS: further evidence for oxidative stress? J Neurol Sci. 2009;285:95–9.
- Zheng Z, Guo X, Wei Q, Song W, Cao B, Huang R, et al. Serum uric acid level is associated with the prevalence but not with survival of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a Chinese population. Metab Brain Dis. 2144.29:771–5.
- Chio A, Calvo A, Bovio G, Canosa A, Bertuzzo D, Galmozzi F, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis outcome measures and the role of albumin and creatinine: a population-based study. JAMA Neurology. 2014;71: 1134–42.
- Duan Y, Fan D. Association of serum uric acid level with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016;96:207–9.
- Moore T, Pessina M, Finkelstein S, Killiany R, Bethany B, Benowitz L, et al. Inosine enhances recovery of grasp following cortical injury to the primary motor cortex of the rhesus monkey. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2016. [Epub ahead of print].
- Chen X, Burdett TC, Desjardins CA, Logan R, Cipriani S, Xu Y, et al. Disrupted and transgenic urate oxidase alter urate and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:300–5.
- Cipriani S, Desjardins CA, Burdett TC, Xu Y, Xu K, Schwarzschild MA. Urate and its transgenic depletion modulate neuronal vulnerability in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One. 2012;7:e37331.
- Cipriani S, Desjardins CA, Burdett TC, Xu Y, Xu K, Schwarzschild MA. Protection of dopaminergic cells by urate requires its accumulation in astrocytes. J Neurochem. 2012;123:172–81.
- Du Y, Chen CP, Tseng CY, Eisenberg Y, Firestein BL. Astroglia-mediated effects of uric acid to protect spinal cord neurons from glutamate toxicity. Glia. 2007;55:463–72.
- Yu ZF, Bruce-Keller AJ, Goodman Y, Mattson MP. Uric acid protects neurons against excitotoxic and metabolic insults in cell culture, and against focal ischemic brain injury in vivo. J Neurosci Res. 1998;53:613–25.
- Scott GS, Cuzzocrea S, Genovese T, Koprowski H, Hooper DC. Uric acid protects against secondary damage after spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:3483–8.
- URL:https://www.patientslikeme.com/treatments/show/533-inosine-side-effects-and-efficacy#overview. Accessed: 2016-07-27. (Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/6jK2vIwxo).
- Cipriani S, Chen X, Schwarzschild MA. Urate: a novel biomarker of Parkinson's disease risk, diagnosis and prognosis. Biomark Med. 2010;4:701–12.
- Markowitz C, Spitsin S, Zimmerman V, Jacobs D, Udupa J, Hooper D, et al. The treatment of multiple sclerosis with inosine. J Altern Compliment Med. 2009;15:619–25.
- Feig DI, Kang DH, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:1811–21.
- Cameron MA, Sakhaee K. Uric acid nephrolithiasis. Urol Clin North Am. 2007;34:335–46.
- Gettman MT, Ogan K, Brinkley LJ, Adams-Huet B, Pak CY, Pearle MS. Effect of cranberry juice consumption on urinary stone risk factors. J Urol. 2005; 174:590–4.