References
- Gordon PH, Cheng B, Katz IB, Pinto M, Hays AP, Mitsumoto H, et al. The natural history of primary lateral sclerosis. Neurology. 2006;66:647–53.
- Pringle CE, Hudson AJ, Munoz DG, Kiernan JA, Brown WF, Ebers GC. Primary lateral sclerosis. Clinical features, neuropathology and diagnostic criteria. Brain. 1992;115:495–520.
- Turner MR, Barohn RJ, Corcia P, Fink JK, Harms MB, Kiernan MC, et al.; Delegates of the 2nd International PLS Conference. Primary lateral sclerosis: consensus diagnostic criteria. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020;91:373–7.
- Mitsumoto H, Chiuzan C, Gilmore M, Zhang Y, Simmons Z, Paganoni S, et al. Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) functional rating scale: PLS-specific clinimetric scale. Muscle Nerve. 2020;61:163–72.
- Floeter MK, Wu T. Longitudinal evaluation of upper motor neuron burden scales in primary lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2020.
- Spastic Paraplegia Foundation, Inc. Spastic Paraplegia Foundation. Available at: https://sp-foundation.org. Accessed December 12, 2020.
- National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health. Available at: https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/complementary-alternative-or-integrative-health-whats-in-a-name. Accessed July 21, 2020.
- Goyal M, Singh S, Sibinga EM, Gould NF, Rowland-Seymour A, Sharma R, et al. Meditation programs for psychological stress and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174:357–68.
- Harvard University. Undiagnosed diseases network. Available at: https://undiagnosed.hms.harvard.edu/. Accessed December 13, 2020.
- Turner-Stokes L, Ashford S, Esquenazi A, Wissel J, Ward AB, Francisco G, et al. A comprehensive person-centered approach to adult spastic paresis: a consensus-based framework. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2018;54:605–17.
- Statland JM, Barohn RJ, Dimachkie MM, Floeter MK, Mitsumoto H. Primary lateral sclerosis. Neurol Clin. 2015;33:749–60.
- Bello-Haas VD, Florence JM, Kloos AD, Scheirbecker J, Lopate G, Hayes SM, et al. A randomized controlled trial of resistance exercise in individuals with ALS. Neurology. 2007;68:2003–7.
- Clawson LL, Cudkowicz M, Krivickas L, Brooks BR, Sanjak M, Allred P, et al. A randomized controlled trial of resistance and endurance exercise in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2018;19:250–8.
- Han P, Zhang W, Kang L, Ma Y, Fu L, Jia L, et al. Clinical evidence of exercise benefits for stroke. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1000:131–51.
- Schiffer RB, Herndon RM, Rudick RA. Treatment of pathologic laughing and weeping with amitriptyline. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:1480–2.
- Brooks BR, Thisted RA, Appel SH, Bradley WG, Olney RK, Berg JE, et al. Treatment of pseudobulbar affect in ALS with dextromethorphan/quinidine: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2004;63:1364–70.
- Ahmed A, Simmons Z. Pseudobulbar affect: prevalence and management. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2013;9:483–9.
- Green JR, Allison KM, Cordella C, Richburg BD, Pattee GL, Berry JD, et al. Additional evidence for a therapeutic effect of dextromethorphan/quinidine on bulbar motor function in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a quantitative speech analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;84:2849–56.
- Munn D. Schoolin’ google in ALS 2019. Available at: https://alsnewstoday.com/2019/01/29/google-dysarthria-als-speech-recognition/.
- Medicine USNLo. Use of dalfampridin in primary lateral sclerosis. 2019. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02868567?term=NCT02868567&draw=2&rank=1.
- Behrman AL, Ardolino EM, Harkema SJ. Activity-based therapy: from basic science to clinical application for recovery after spinal cord injury. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017;41:S39–S45.
- Angeli CA, Boakye M, Morton RA, Vogt J, Benton K, Chen Y, et al. Recovery of over-ground walking after chronic motor complete spinal cord injury. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:1244–50.
- McDonald JW, Becker D, Sadowsky CL, Jane JA, Conturo TE, Schultz LM. Late recovery following spinal cord injury. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2002;97:252–65.
- Dobkin BH. Do electrically stimulated sensory inputs and movements lead to long-term plasticity and rehabilitation gains? Curr Opin Neurol. 2003;16:685–91.
- Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2018;8:506.
- Mitsumoto H, Nagy PL, Gennings C, Murphy J, Andrews H, Goetz R, et al. Phenotypic and molecular analyses of primary lateral sclerosis. Neurol Genet. 2015;1:e3.
- Fishman MC. Power of rare diseases: found in translation. Sci Transl Med. 2013;5:201ps11.
- Kwan JY, Meoded A, Danielian LE, Wu T, Floeter MK. Structural imaging differences and longitudinal changes in primary lateral sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroimage Clin. 2012;2:151–60.
- Kwan JY, Jeong SY, Van Gelderen P, Deng HX, Quezado MM, Danielian LE, et al. Iron accumulation in deep cortical layers accounts for MRI signal abnormalities in ALS: correlating 7 tesla MRI and pathology. PLoS One. 2012;7:e35241.
- Oba H, Araki T, Ohtomo K, Monzawa S, Uchiyama G, Koizumi K, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: T2 shortening in motor cortex at MR imaging. Radiology. 1993;189:843–6.
- Paganoni S, Alshikho MJ, Zurcher NR, Cernasov P, Babu S, Loggia ML, et al. Imaging of glia activation in people with primary lateral sclerosis. Neuroimage Clin. 2018;17:347–53.
- Eisen A, Shytbel W, Murphy K, Hoirch M. Cortical magnetic stimulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muscle Nerve. 1990;13:146–51.
- Huynh W, Dharmadasa T, Vucic S, Kiernan MC. Functional biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurol. 2018;9:1141.
- Geevasinga N, Menon P, Sue CM, Kumar KR, Ng K, Yiannikas C, et al. Cortical excitability changes distinguish the motor neuron disease phenotypes from hereditary spastic paraplegia. Eur J Neurol. 2015;22:826–31. e57–58.
- Magistris MR, Rosler KM. The triple stimulation technique to study corticospinal conduction. Suppl Clin Neurophysiol. 2003;56:24–32.
- Magistris MR, Rosler KM, Truffert A, Landis T, Hess CW. A clinical study of motor evoked potentials using a triple stimulation technique. Brain. 1999;122:265–79.
- Moise N, Wood D, Cheung YKK, Duan N, Onge TS, Duer-Hefele J, et al. Patient preferences for personalized (N-of-1) trials: a conjoint analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 2018;102:12–22.
- Woodcock J, LaVange LM. Master protocols to study multiple therapies, multiple diseases, or both. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:62–70.
- Simon R. Critical review of umbrella, basket, and platform designs for oncology clinical trials. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2017;102:934–41.
- Bateman RJ, Benzinger TL, Berry S, Clifford DB, Duggan C, Fagan AM, et al. The DIAN-TU Next Generation Alzheimer’s prevention trial: adaptive design and disease progression model. Alzheimers Dement. 2017;13:8–19.
- Alexander BM, Ba S, Berger MS, Berry DA, Cavenee WK, Chang SM, et al. Adaptive global innovative learning environment for Glioblastoma: GBM AGILE. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24:737–43.
- Berry SM, Connor JT, Lewis RJ. The platform trial: an efficient strategy for evaluating multiple treatments. JAMA. 2015;313:1619–20.
- Coalition APT. Adaptive platform trials: definition, design, conduct and reporting considerations. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019;18:797–807.
- Janos T, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General receives “May Proceed” notice for three drugs in first ALS platform trial 2020. Available at: https://www.massgeneral.org/neurology/als/news/2020-01-22-Healey-ALS-platform-trial-may-proceed.