References
- Abdel-Wahab A, Li S, Silberschmidt VV. 2014. Modelling fracture processes in bones. Computational Modelling of Biomechanics and Biotribology in the Musculoskeletal SystemCambridge, CA: Woodhead Publishing; p. 268–302.
- Abdel-Wahab AA, Maligno AR, Silberschmidt VV. 2012. Micro-scale modelling of bovine cortical bone fracture: analysis of crack propagation and microstructure using X-FEM. Computational Mater Sci. 52(1):128–135.
- Allegre R, Barbier A, Galin E, Akkouche S. 2004. A hybrid shape representation for free-form modeling. Shape Modeling Applications, 2004 Proceedings. 2004:7–18.
- Andreaus U, Colloca M. 2009. Prediction of micromotion initiation of an implanted femur under physiological loads and constraints using the finite element method. Proc Institution Mechanical Engineers, H: J Eng Med. 223(5):589–605.
- Andreaus U, Colloca M. 2010. Biodental engineering. Taylor & Francis Group. Chapter Risk of failure at the cement-enamel junction of a human premolar tooth. CRC Press; p. 83–88.
- Andreaus U, Colloca M, Iacoviello D. 2010. In: R.M. Natal Jorge, Sónia M. Santos, João Manuel R.S. Tavares, Reis Campos, Mário A.P. Vaz, editors Biodental engineering. In: Taylor & Francis Group. Chapter Damage detection in a human premolar tooth from image processing to finite element analysis. Netherlands: CRC Press.; p. 23–34.
- Andreaus U, Colloca M, Iacoviello D. 2011. Coupling image processing and stress analysis for damage identification in a human premolar tooth. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 103(2):6173.
- Bo W, Liang Z, Yagang W. 2011. Rigid body simulation with local fracturing effects. In: Proceedings of the Workshop Digital Media Digital Content Management. May 15–16, 2011. Hangzhou, China. 49–52. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5959675
- Desbenoit B, Galin E, Akkouche S. 2005. Modeling cracks and fractures. Vis Comput. 21(8–10):717–726.
- Doblar M, Garca J, Gmez M. 2004. Modelling bone tissue fracture and healing: a review. Eng Fract Mech. 71(13):1809–1840. Accessed http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013794403002510.
- Egol K, Koval KJ, Zuckerman JD. 2010. Handbook of fractures. China: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW).
- Glondu L, Muguercia L, Marchal M, Bosch C, Rushmeier H, Dumont G, Drettakis G. 2012. Example-based fractured appearance. Computer Graphics Forum. 31(4):1547–1556.
- Gobron S, Chiba N. 2001. Visual simulation of crack pattern based on 3D surface cellular automaton. Vis Comput. 17:287–309.
- Hambli R, Lespessailles E, Benhamou CL. 2012. Integrated remodeling-to-fracture finite element model of human proximal femur behavior. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 17:89–106.
- Jiménez JJ, Paulano F, Pulido R, Jiménez J. 2016. Computer assisted preoperative planning of bone fracture reduction: simulation techniques and new trends. Med Image Anal. 30:30–45.
- Kiapour A, Kiapour AM, V K, Quatman CE, Wordeman SC, Hewett TE, Demetropoulos CK, Goel VK. 2014. Finite element model of the knee for investigation of injury mechanisms: development and validation. J Biomech Eng. 136(1):011002.
- Lefebvre S, Neyret F 2002. Synthesizing Bark. In: Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering. p. 105–116. Accessed: http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=581896.581911.
- Martinet A, Galin E, Desbenoit B, Akkouche S. 2004. Procedural modeling of cracks and fractures. Proceedings - Shape Modeling International SMI. 2004:346–349.
- Messmer P, Long G, Suhm N, Hehli M. 2001. Three-dimensional fracture simulation for preoperative planning and education. Eur J Trauma. Available from. doi: 10.1007/s00068-001-1065-z.
- Muguercia L, Bosch C, Patow G. 2014. Fracture modeling in computer graphics. Computers and Graphics. 45:86–100. ( Available from).
- Müller M, Chentanez N, Kim TY. 2013. Real time dynamic fracture with volumetric approximate convex decompositions. ACM Trans Graph. 32(4):1.
- Neff M, Fiume E 1999. A visual model for blast waves and fracture. In: Proceedings of the 1999 Conference on Graphics Interface. p. 193–202.
- Ning JF, Li SK 2010. A fast approach to simulate fracture of rigid body. ICALIP 2010-2010 International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing, Proceedings:1301–1305.
- NVIDIA. 2017. Nvidia apex. accessed: 2017 Dec 22: http://www.nvidia.com/object/apex.html.
- Oh S, Shin S, Jun H. 2012. Practical simulation of hierarchical brittle fracture. Comput Animat Virtual Worlds. 23(3–4):291–300.
- Ota T, Yamamoto I, Morita R. 1999. Fracture simulation of the femoral bone using the finite-element method: how a fracture initiates and proceeds. J Bone Miner Metab. 17(2):108–112.
- Pakdel A, Fialkov J, Whyne CM. 2016. High resolution bone material property assignment yields robust subject specific finite element models of complex thin bone structures. J Biomech. 49(9):1454–1460.
- Paulano-Godino F, Jiménez-Delgado JJ, Pulido-Ramírez R 2013. Trends on identification of fractured bone tissue from CT images. In: Proceedings of IV Eccomas Thematic Conference on Computational Vision and Medical Image Processing (VIPIMAGE). CRC Press; p.263–269. doi: 10.1201/b15810-47.
- Rodrigues L, Lopes D, Folgado J, Fernandes P, Pires E, Casas EL, Faleiros R. 2009. Bone remodelling analysis of a bovine femur for a veterinary implant design. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 12(6):683–690.
- Rodrigues LB, Las Casas EB, Lopes DS, Folgado J, Fernandes PR, Pires EACB, Alves GES, Faleiros RR. 2012. A finite element model to simulate femoral fractures in calves: testing different polymers for intramedullary interlocking nails. Vet Surg. 41(7):838–844.
- Sabet FA, Raeisi Najafi A, Hamed E, Jasiuk I. 2016a. Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review. Interface Focus. 6(1):20150055.
- Sabet FA, Raeisi Najafi A, Hamed E, Jasiuk I. 2016b. Modelling of bone fracture and strength at different length scales: a review. Interface Focus. 6(1):20150055.
- Su J, C S, Fedkiw R 2009. Energy stability and fracture for frame rate rigid body simulations. In: Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation - SCA ‘09; New York, New York, USA. ACM Press; p. 155–164.
- Ural A, Mischinski S. 2013. Multiscale modeling of bone fracture using cohesive finite elements. Eng Fract Mech. 103:141–152.
- Valette G, Prévost S, Lucas L, Léonard J. 2008. A dynamic model of cracks development based on a 3D discrete shrinkage volume propagation. Computer Graphics Forum. 27(1):47–62.
- Wu J, Aage N, Westermann R, Sigmund O. 2017. Infill optimization for additive manufacturing – approaching bone-like porous structures. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2626(c):1–14. Available from http://arxiv.org/abs/1608.04366 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7829422/.