The ECOWAS conflict prevention framework and the critical and emancipatory peacebuilding approach

References

• Amaladas, Stan, and Sean Byrne. 2018. “Leading for Peace: Peace Leaders Breaking the Mould.” In Peace Leadership: The Quest for Connectedness, edited by Stan Amaladas, and Sean Byrne, 1–14. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Arthur, Peter. 2010. “ECOWAS and Regional Peacekeeping Integration in West Africa: Lessons for the Future.” Africa Today 57 (2): 3–24.
   Google Scholar
• Bappah, Habibu Yaya. 2018. “ECOWAS Protagonists for Peace: An Internal Perspective on Policy and Community Actors in Peacemaking Interventions.” South African Journal of International Affairs 25 (1): 83–98. doi:10.1080/10220461.2018.1417905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin, Jesse J., and Brandon D. Lundy. 2014. “Introduction: Indigeneity and Modernity: From Conceptual Category to Strategic Juridical Identity in the Context of Conflict.” In Indigenous Conflict Management Strategies: A Global Perspective, edited by Akanmu G. Adebayo, Jesse J. Benjamin, and Brandon D. Lundy, 1–12. Lanham: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Bjorkdahl, Annika, and Johanna Mannergren Selimovic. 2016. “Gender: The Missing Piece in the Peace Puzzle.” In The Palgrave Handbook of Disciplinary and Regional Approaches to Peace, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, Sandra Pogodda, and Jasmin Ramović, 181–192. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-40761-0.
   Google Scholar
• Bolaji, Kehinde A. 2011. “Adapting Traditional Peacemaking Principles to Contemporary Conflicts: The ECOWAS Conflict Prevention Framework.” African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review 1 (2): 183. doi:10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.1.2.183.
   Google Scholar
• Darby, John. 2010. “Reconciliation: Reflection from Northern Ireland and South Africa.” In Palgrave Advances in Peacebuilding: Critical Developments and Approaches, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, 294–306. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• ECOWAS. 2008. “The ECOWAS Conflict Prevention Framework. Regulation.” Regulation MSC/REG.1/01/08. Abuja: ECOWAS.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, Ronald J. 2009. “Interactive Conflict Resolution: Dialogue, Conflict Analysis, and Problem-Solving.” In Handbook of Conflict Analysis and Resolution, edited by Dennis J. D. Sandole, Sean Byrne, Ingrid Staroste-Sandole, and Jessica Senehi, 328–338. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Giroux, Henry A, and Searls Susan Giroux. 2008. “Challenging Neoliberalism’s New World Order: The Promise of Critical Pedagogy.” In Handbook of Critical and Indigenous Methodologies, edited by Norman Denzin, Yvonna Lincoln, and Linda Smith, 181–190. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. doi:10.4135/9781483385686.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, Myrtle, and Nancy Hansen. 2011. “Disability and Conflict: Untold Stories from the North of Ireland.” In Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies: Theory, Practice, and Pedagogy, edited by Thomas Matyók, Jessica Senehi, and Sean Byrne, 97–114. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Hutchison, Emma, and Roland Bleiker. 2013. “Reconciliation.” In Routledge Handbook of Peacebuilding, edited by Roger Mac Ginty, 81–90. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Iwilade, Akin, and Johnson Uchechukwu Agbo. 2012. “ECOWAS and the Regulation of Regional Peace and Security in West Africa.” Democracy and Security 8 (4): 358–373. doi:10.1080/17419166.2012.734228.
   Google Scholar
• Jabri, Vivienne. 2010. “War, Government, Politics: A Critical Response to the Hegemony of the Liberal Peace.” In Palgrave Advances in Peacebuilding: Critical Developments and Approaches, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, 41–57. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Jaye, Thomas, Dauda Garuba, and Stella Amadi. 2011. “Introduction.” In ECOWAS and the Dynamics of Conflict and Peace-Building, edited by Thomas Jaye, Dauda Garuba, and Stella Amadi, 1–8. CODESRIA Book Series. Dakar: Codesria.
   Google Scholar
• Kabia, John M. 2009. Humanitarian Intervention and Conflict Resolution in West Africa: From ECOMOG to ECOMIL. 1st ed. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315587592.
   Google Scholar
• Kelman, Herbert C. 2009. “A Social-Psychological Approach to Conflict Analysis and Resolution.” In Handbook of Conflict Analysis and Resolution, edited by Dennis J. D. Sandole, Sean Byrne, Ingrid Staroste-Sandole, and Jessica Senehi, 170–183. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kode, David. 2016. The Complexities of Democracy-Building in Conflict-Affected States: The Role of ECOWAS and the African Union in Cote D’Ivoire. Stockholm: International Idea.
   Google Scholar
• Lederach, John Paul. 1995. Preparing for Peace: Conflict Transformation across Cultures. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lederach, John Paul. 1997. Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lederach, John Paul. 2005. The Moral Imagination: The Art and Soul of Building Peace. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leonardsson, Hanna, and Gustav Rudd. 2015. “The ‘Local Turn’ in Peacebuilding: A Literature Review of Effective and Emancipatory Local Peacebuilding.” Third World Quarterly 36 (5): 825–839. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1029905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, Roger. 2010. “Hybrid Peace: The Interaction Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Peace.” Security Dialogue 41 (4): 391–412. doi:10.1177/0967010610374312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, Roger. 2011. International Peacebuilding and Local Resistance. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:10.1057/9780230307032.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, Roger. 2015. “Where is the Local? Critical Localism and Peacebuilding.” Third World Quarterly 36 (5): 840–856. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1045482.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maulden, Patricia. 2013. “Education and Learning.” In Routledge Handbook of Peacebuilding, edited by Roger Mac Ginty, 287–295. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• McEvoy-Levy, Siobhan. 2011. “Children, Youth and Peacebuilding.” In Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies: Theory, Practice, and Pedagogy, edited by Thomas Matyók, Jessica Senehi, and Sean Byrne, 159–176. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• McKeown, Shelly. 2013. “Social Psychology and Peacebuilding.” In Routledge Handbook of Peacebuilding, edited by Roger Mac Ginty, 117–131. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Musah, Abdel-Fatau. 2011. “ECOWAS and Regional Response to Conflicts.” In ECOWAS and the Dynamics of Conflict and Peace-Building, edited by Thomas Jaye, Dauda Garuba, and Stella Amadi, 151–164. CODESRIA Book Series. Dakar: Codesria.
   Google Scholar
• Odigie, Brown. 2016. “The Institutionalisation of Mediation Support within the ECOWAS Commission.” Policy and Practice Brief 42. Durban, South Africa: African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Conflicts.
   Google Scholar
• Olanisakin, Fumi. 2011. “ECOWAS, from Integration to Peacebuilding.” In ECOWAS and the Dynamics of Conflict and Peace-Building, edited by Thomas Jaye, Dauda Garuba, and Stella Amadi, 11–26. CODESRIA Book Series. Dakar: Codesria.
   Google Scholar
• O’Reilly, Maria. 2013. “Gender and Peacebuilding.” In Routledge Handbook of Peacebuilding, edited by Roger Mac Ginty, 57–68. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Paffenholz, Thania. 2010. “Civil Society and Peacebuilding.” In Civil Society and Peacebuilding: A Critical Assessment, edited by Thania Paffenholz, 43–64. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Pherali, Tejendra. 2016. “Education: Cultural Reproduction, Revolution and Peacebuilding in Conflict Affected Societies.” In The Palgrave Handbook of Disciplinary and Regional Approaches to Peace, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, Sandra Pogodda, and Jasmin Ramović, 193–205. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:10.1007/978-1-137-40761-0.
   Google Scholar
• Pugh, Michael. 2005. “The Political Economy of Peacebuilding: A Critical Theory Perspective.” International Journal of Peace Studies 10 (2): 23–42.
   Google Scholar
• Randazzo, Elisa. 2017. Beyond Liberal Peacebuilding: A Critical Exploration of the Local Turn. Routledge Studies in Intervention and Statebuilding. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond, Oliver P. 2010. “A Genealogy of Peace and Conflict Theory.” In Palgrave Advances in Peacebuilding: Critical Developments and Approaches, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, 14–40. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Sampson, Isaac Terwase. 2011. “The Responsibility to Protect and ECOWAS Mechanisms on Peace and Security: Assessing Their Convergence and Divergence on Intervention.” Journal of Conflict and Security Law 16 (3): 507–540. doi:10.1093/jcsl/krr022.
   Google Scholar
• Senehi, Jessica. 2009. “Building Peace: Storytelling to Transform Conflicts Constructively.” In Handbook of Conflict Analysis and Resolution, edited by Dennis J. D. Sandole, Sean Byrne, Ingrid Staroste-Sandole, and Jessica Senehi, 397–422. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou. 2010. “Human Security and the Legitimacy of Peacebuilding.” In Palgrave Advances in Peacebuilding: Critical Developments and Approaches, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, 116–137. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Tejpar, Johan, and Adriana Lins De Albuquerque. 2015. Challenges to Peace and Security in West Africa: The Role of ECOWAS. Studies in African Security. Stockholm: Swedish Defence Research Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Thiessen, Charles D. 2011. “Emancipatory Peacebuilding: Critical Response to (Neo) Liberal Trends.” In Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies: Theory, Practice, and Pedagogy, edited by Thomas Matyók, Jessica Senehi, and Sean Byrne, 115–142. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Thiessen, Charles. 2013. Local Ownership of Peacebuilding in Afghanistan. Shouldering Responsibility for Sustainable Peace and Development. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Tuakli-Wosornu, Yetsa A., and Andrew J. Haig. 2014. “Implementing the World Report on Disability in West Africa: Challenges and Opportunities for Ghana.” American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 93: S50–S57. doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000000023.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Visoka, Gëzim. 2021. “Emancipatory Peace.” In The Oxford Handbook of Peacebuilding, Statebuilding, and Peace Formation, edited by Oliver P. Richmond, and Gëzim Visoka, 1st ed., 641–660. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190904418.001.0001.
   Google Scholar