REFERENCES
- Agunga, R., and C. Igodan. 2007. Organic farmers’ need for and attitude towards extension. Journal of Extension 45(6) http://www.joe.org/joe/2007december/a6.php (http://www.joe.org/joe/2007december/a6.php) (Accessed: May 7, 2012 ).
- Altieri , M. and Nicholls , C. I. 2000 . “ Applying agroecological concepts to the development of ecologically based pest management strategies ” . In Professional societies and ecologically based pest management , 14 – 19 . Washington , DC : National Academy Press . National Research Council
- Anderson , C. and Mayerfeld , D. 2012 . Cover crop case studies: Gary Sommers farm-cash grain (CIAS003) , 1 – 4 . Madison , WI : University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension Publishing .
- Ary , D. , Jacobs , L. C. and Razavieh , A. 1990 . Introduction to research in education , Orlando , FL : Harcourt Brace .
- Bajwa , W. I. and Kogan , M. 2004 . “ Cultural practices: Springboard to IPM ” . In Integrated pest management: Potential, constraints and challenges , Edited by: Koul , O. , Dhaliwal , G.S. and Cuperus , G.W. 21 – 38 . Wallingford , , UK : CABI .
- Beus , C. E. and Dunlap , R. E. 1992 . The alternative-conventional agriculture debate: Where do agricultural faculty stand? . Rural Sociology , 57 : 363 – 380 .
- Boehlje , M. D. and King , D.A . 1998 . Extension on the brink—Meeting the private sector challenge in the information marketplace . Journal of Applied Communications , 82 : 21 – 35 .
- Boone Jr., H. N., E. M. Hersman, D. A. Boone, and S. A. Gartin. 2007. Knowledge of sustainable agriculture practices by extension agents in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Journal of Extension 45(5) http://www.joe.org/joe/2007october/rb2.php (http://www.joe.org/joe/2007october/rb2.php) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- Broatch , J. S. and Vernon , R. S. 1997 . Comparison of water pan traps and sticky traps for monitoring Delia spp. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in canola . Canadian Entomologist , 129 : 979 – 984 .
- Calvin, D. 2000. Seedcorn maggot as a pest of field corn. Pennsylvania State University http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/seedcorn-maggot (http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/seedcorn-maggot) (Accessed: May 6, 2012 ).
- Clark , A. 2007 . Managing cover crops profitably , 3rd , Beltsville , MD : Sustainable Agriculture Network .
- Coe , M. 2011 . eOrganic 2010 webinars: Feedback from organic farming professionals , Portland , OR : Cedar Lake Research Group, LLC .
- David , M. B. , Drinkwater , L. E. and McIsaac , G. F. 2010 . Sources of nitrate yields in the Mississippi River Basin . Journal of Environmental Quality , 39 : 1657 – 1667 .
- Delahaut , K. 2007 . Seedcorn maggot (A3820) , Madison , WI : University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension Publishing .
- Dillman , D. 1978 . Mail and telephone surveys: The total design method , New York : Wiley-Interscience .
- Duram , L. A. and Larson , K. L. 2001 . Agricultural research and alternative farmers’ information needs . The Professional Geographer , 53 : 84 – 96 .
- El-Zik , K. M. , Grimes , D. W. and Thaxton , P. M. 1989 . “ Cultural management and pest-suppression ” . In Integrated pest management systems and cotton production , Edited by: Frisbie , R. E. , El-Zik , K. M. and Wilson , L. T. 11 – 36 . New York : Wiley .
- eXtension. 2012. eXtension organic agriculture website http://www.extension.org/organic_production (http://www.extension.org/organic_production) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- eOrganic. 2012a. eOrganic website http://eorganic.info/about (http://eorganic.info/about) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- eOrganic. 2012b. Webinars by eOrganic http://www.extension.org/pages/25242/webinars-by-eorganic (http://www.extension.org/pages/25242/webinars-by-eorganic) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- eOrganic. 2012c. How to earn CCA credit for watching eOrganic webinar recordings http://www.extension.org/pages/60988/how-to-earn-cca-credit-for-watching-eorganic-webinar-recordings (http://www.extension.org/pages/60988/how-to-earn-cca-credit-for-watching-eorganic-webinar-recordings) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- Funderburk , J. E. , Pedigo , L. P. and Berry , E. C. 1983 . Seedcorn maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) emergence in conventional and reduced-tillage soybean systems in Iowa . Journal of Economic Entomology , 76 : 131 – 134 .
- Funderburk , J. E. , Higley , L. G. and Pedigo , L. P. 1984 . Seedcorn maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) phenology in central Iowa and examination of a thermal-unit system to predict development under field conditions . Environmental Entomology , 13 : 105 – 109 .
- Hammond , R. B. 1995 . Timing of plowing and planting: Effects on seedcorn maggot populations in soybean . Crop Protection , 14 : 471 – 477 .
- Hammond , R. B. 1997 . Long-term conservation tillage studies: impact of no-till on seedcorn maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) . Crop Protection , 16 : 221 – 225 .
- Hammond , R. B. and Cooper , R. L. 1993 . Interaction of planting times following the incorporation of a living, green cover crop and control measures on seedcorn maggot populations in soybean . Crop Protection , 12 : 539 – 543 .
- Hatfield , J. L. , McMullen , L. D. and Jones , C. S. 2009 . Nitrate-nitrogen patterns in the Raccoon River basin related to agricultural practices . Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 64 : 190 – 199 .
- Holm , K. and Cullen , E. 2012 . Insect IPM in organic field crops: Seedcorn maggot (A3972-01) , 1 – 6 . Madison , WI : University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension Publishing .
- Ingels , C. , Van Horn , M. , Bugg , R. L. and Miller , P. R. 1994 . Selecting the right cover crop gives multiple benefits . California Agriculture , 48 : 43 – 48 .
- Jacobson , L. M. , David , M. B. and Drinkwater , L. E. 2011 . A spatial analysis of phosphorus in the Mississippi River Basin . Journal of Environmental Quality , 40 : 931 – 941 .
- Knutson , C. L. , Haigh , T. , Hayes , M. J. , Widhalm , M. , Nothwehr , J. , Kleinschmidt , M. and Graf , L. 2011 . Farmer perceptions of sustainable agriculture practices and drought risk reduction in Nebraska, USA . Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , 26 : 255 – 266 .
- Krupke , C. H. , Hunt , G. J. , Eitzer , B. D. , Andino , G. and Given , K. 2012 . Multiple routes of pesticide exposure for honey bees living near agricultural fields . PLoS ONE , 7 : 1 – 8 .
- Litwin , M. 1995 . How to measure survey reliability and validity , 33 – 44 . Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
- Lohr , L. and Park , T. A. 2003 . Improving extension effectiveness for organic clients: Current status and future directions . Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics , 28 : 634 – 650 .
- Lozier , J. , Rayburn , E. and Shaw , J. 2004 . Growing and selling pasture-finished beef: Results of a nationwide survey . Journal of Sustainable Agriculture , 25 : 93 – 112 .
- Lyon , A. , Bell , M. M. , Gratton , C. and Jackson , R. 2011 . Farming without a recipe: Wisconsin graziers and new directions for agricultural science . Journal of Rural Studies , 27 : 384 – 393 .
- Martens, M. 2004. Letter from NY: Confessions of a “foodie.” http://newfarm.rodaleinstitute.org/columns/Martens/2004/1204/foodie.shtml (http://newfarm.rodaleinstitute.org/columns/Martens/2004/1204/foodie.shtml) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- McDowell , G. R. 1992 . The new political economy of extension education for agriculture and rural America . American Journal of Agricultural Economics , 74 : 1249 – 1255 .
- Napit , K. B. , Norton , G. W. , Kazmierczak , R. F. Jr. and Rajotte , E. G. 1988 . Economic impacts of extension integrated pest management programs in several states . Journal of Economic Entomology , 81 : 251 – 256 .
- Practical Farms of Iowa . 2011 . Cover crops: Frequently asked questions , Ames , IA : Practical Farmers of Iowa and Iowa Learning Farms .
- Rice, M., and J. Oleson. 2001. Seedcorn maggots love manured fields. Integrated Crop Management IC-486(6) http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/icm/2001/4-23-2001/sclove.html (http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/icm/2001/4-23-2001/sclove.html) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- Sanborn , S. M. , Wyman , J. A. and Chapman , R. K. 1982 . Threshold temperature and heat unit summations for seedcorn maggot development under controlled conditions . Annals of the Entomological Society of America , 75 : 103 – 106 .
- Schellhorn , N. A. , Harmon , J. P. and Andow , D. A. 2000 . “ Using cultural practices to enhance insect pest control by natural enemies ” . In Insect pest management: Techniques for environmental protection , Edited by: Rechcigl , J.E. and Rechcigl , N.A. 147 – 170 . Boca Raton , FL : Lewis .
- Singer , J. W. , Nusser , S. M. and Alf , C. J. 2007 . Are cover crops being used in the US corn belt? . Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , 62 : 353 – 358 .
- UC IPM. 2003a. About degree-days. UC IPM Online http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/WEATHER/ddconcepts.html (http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/WEATHER/ddconcepts.html) (Accessed: November 19, 2012 ).
- UC IPM. 2003b. Phenology model database: Seedcorn maggot. UC IPM Online http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PHENOLOGY/ma-seedcorn_maggot.html (http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PHENOLOGY/ma-seedcorn_maggot.html) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- University of Wisconsin. 2010. UW Extension Ag Weather website http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx (http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- University of Wisconsin. 2012a. Agroecology website http://www.agroecology.wisc.edu/ (http://www.agroecology.wisc.edu/) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- University of Wisconsin. 2012b. Seedcorn maggot thermal model http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx/thermal_models/scm (http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx/thermal_models/scm) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- University of Wisconsin. 2012c. Degree day calculator http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx/thermal_models/degree_days (http://www.soils.wisc.edu/uwex_agwx/thermal_models/degree_days) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- U.S. Department of Agriculture . 2005 . Valor—A residual herbicide for weed control in conservation tillage cotton systems. Conservation Systems Fact Sheet No. 02 , Auburn , AL : USDA Agricultural Research Service National Soil Dynamics Laboratory .
- U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2012. Organic Regulations, 7 CFR Section 205. USDA National Organic Program http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/nop (http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/nop) (Accessed: May 8, 2012 ).
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 2007 . Hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico, an update by the EPA science advisory board , Washington , DC : US Environmental Protection Agency . EPA-SAB-08-003
- Van Wychen Bennett, K., E. C. Burkness, and W. D. Hutchison. 2011. Seed corn maggot. University of Minnesota http://www.vegedge.umn.edu/vegpest/seedmag.htm (http://www.vegedge.umn.edu/vegpest/seedmag.htm) (Accessed: May 6, 2012 ).
- Walz, E. 1999. Final results of the third biennial national organic farmers’ survey. Santa Cruz, CA: Organic Farming Research Foundation http://ofrf.org/publications/survey.html (http://ofrf.org/publications/survey.html) (Accessed: May 7, 2012 ).
- Wheeler , S. 2011 . Review of organic farming policy in Australia: Time to wipe the slate clean? . Journal of Sustainable Agriculture , 35 : 885 – 913 .
- Zehnder , G. , Gurr , G. M. , Kuhne , S. , Wade , M. R. , Wratten , S. D. and Wyss , E. 2007 . Arthropod pest management in organic crops . Annual Review of Entomology , 52 : 57 – 80 .