Transitioning the agri-food system. Does closeness mean sustainability? how production and shipping strategies impact socially and environmentally. Comparing Spain, South Africa and U.S. citrus fruit productions

References

• Aguilera, E., G. Guzman, and A. Alonso. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions from conventional and organic cropping systems in Spain. II. Fruit tree orchards. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 35 (2):725–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-014-0265-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alishah, A., A. Motevali, R. Tabatabaeekaloor, and S. J. Hashemi. 2019. Multiyear life energy and life cycle assessment of orange production in Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26 (31):32432–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews, E., P. Lesage, C. Benoît, J. Parent, G. Norris, and J.-P. Revéret. 2009. Life cycle attribute assessment: A case study of Quebec greenhouse tomatoes. Journal of Industrial Ecology 13 (4):565–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2009.00142.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aubry, D., and L. Kebir. 2013. Shortening food supply chains: A means for maintaining agriculture close to urban areas? The case of the French metropolitan area of Paris. Food Policy 41 (2013):85–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.04.006.
   Google Scholar
• Basset-Mens, C., H. Vannière, D. Grasselly, H. Heitz, A. Braun, S. Payen, … Y. Biard. 2016. Environmental impacts of imported and locally grown fruits for the French market: A cradle-to-farm-gate LCA study. Fruits 71 (2):93–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits/2015050.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beccali, M., M. Cellura, M. Iudicello, and M. Mistretta. 2009. Resource consumption and environmental impacts of the agrofood sector: Life cycle assessment of Italian citrus-based products. Environmental Management 43 (4):707–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9251-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beccali, M., M. Cellura, M. Iudicello, and M. Mistretta. 2010. Life cycle assessment of Italian citrus-based products. Sensitivity analysis and improvement scenarios. Journal of Environmental Management 91 (7):1415–28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, E. M., and A. Horvath. 2020. Modeling the carbon footprint of fresh produce: Effects of transportation, localness, and seasonality on US orange markets. Environmental Research Letters 15 (3):034–040. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6c2f.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benoit-Norris, C., D. A. Cavan, and G. Norris. 2012. Identifying social impacts in product supply chains: Overview and application of the social hotspot database. Sustainability 4 (9):1946–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su4091946.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benoit-Norris, N., C. G, D. A. Cavan, and P. Benoit. 2015. SHDB 2.1. Software Supporting documentation.
   Google Scholar
• Bessou, C., C. Basset-Mens, A. Benoist, Y. Biard, J. Burte, P. Feschet, and S. Perret. 2016. Life cycle assessment to understand agriculture-climate change linkages. In Climate change and agriculture worldwide, ed. Torquebiau, E., 263–75. Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Bessou, C., C. Basset-Mens, T. Tran, and A. Benoist. 2013. LCA applied to perennial cropping systems: A review focused on the farm stage. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 18 (2):340–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0502-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanke, M. M. 2014. Possible implications of the new PAS 2050-1 ort carbon footprint standard (March 2012) for Orchard management. X International Symposium on integrating canopy, rootstock and environmental physiology in orchard systems December 3-6, 2012 Stellenbosch (South Africa). https://www.ishs.org/ishs-article/1058_14 (accesed January,4, 2021).
   Google Scholar
• Bonilla-Alicea, R. J., and K. Fu. 2019. Systematic map of the social impact assessment field. Sustainability 11 (15):4106. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11154106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bos U., Horn R., Beck T., Lindner J.P., and Fischer M. (2016). LANCA® - Characterisation Factors for Life Cycle Impact Assessment, Version 2.0, 978-3-8396-0953-8. Fraunhofer Verlag, Stuttgart.
   Google Scholar
• Boulay A.M., Bare J., Benini L., Berger M., Lathuillière M.J., Manzardo A., Margni M., Motoshita M., Núñez M., Pastor A.V., Ridoutt B., Oki T., Worbe S., and Pfister S. (2018). The WULCA consensus characterization model for water scarcity footprints: Assessing impacts of water consumption based on available water remaining (AWARE). Int J LCA 23(2):368–378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bubicz, M. E., A. P. F. D. Barbosa-Póvoa, and A. Carvalho. 2019. Incorporating social aspects in sustainable supply chains: Trends and future directions. Journal of Cleaner Production 237:117500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavallo, A., and D. Marino. 2014. Analysis of agriculture in term of its territory: An interpretation. Firenze University Press 2284-242X (Online) 2:169–78.
   Google Scholar
• D’Eusanio, M., M. Serreli, A. Zamagni, and L. Petti. 2019. Assessment of social dimension of a jar of honey: A methodological outline. Journal of Cleaner Production 19:503–17.
   Google Scholar
• De Luca, A. I., N. Iofrida, A. Strano, G. Falcone, and G. Gulisano. 2015. Social life cycle assessment and participatory approaches: A methodological proposal applied to citrus farming in Southern Italy. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 11 (3):383–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deverre, C., and C. Lamine. 2010. Les systèmes agroalimentaires alternatifs. Une revue de travaux anglophones en sciences sociales. Économie Rurale. Agricultures, Alimentations, Territoires (317):57–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.4000/economierurale.2676.
   Google Scholar
• Dwivedi, P., T. Spreen, and R. Goodrich-Schneider. 2012. Global warming impact of Florida’s Not-From-Concentrate (NFC) orange juice. Agricultural Systems 108:104–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2012.01.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyllick, T., and K. Muff. 2016. Clarifying the meaning of sustainable business: Introducing a typology from business-as-usual to true business sustainability. Organization & Environment 29 (2):156–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026615575176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2013. Commission recommendation on the use of common methods to measure and communicate the life cycle environmental performance of products and organisations. (2013/179/EU)
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2020. Communication from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions, A farm to fork strategy for a fair, healthy and environmentally-friendly food system, brussels, 20.5.2020, COM (2020) 381 final. Available in https://ec.europa.eu/food/farm2fork_en (Accessed January,4, 2021).
   Google Scholar
• Falcone, G., T. Stillitano, A. I. De Luca, G. Di Vita, N. Iofrida, A. Strano, G. Gulisano, B. Pecorino, and M. D’Amico. 2020. Energetic and economic analyses for agricultural management models: The calabria PGI clementine case study. Energies 13 (5):1289. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051289.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantke, P., Evans, J., Hodas, N., Apte, J., Jantunen, M., Jolliet, O., McKone, T.E. (2016). Health impacts of fine particulate matter. In: Frischknecht, R., and Jolliet, O. (Eds.), Global Guidance for Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicators: Volume 1. UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative, Paris, pp. 76–99.
   Google Scholar
• FAO Statistical Bulletin 2016. Trade ad Markets Division. Rome. Published in 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Fazio, S., F. Biganzioli, V. De Laurentiis, L. Zampori, S. Sala, and E. Diaconu. 2018. Supporting information to the characterisation factors of recommended EF life cycle impact assessment methods, version 2, from ILCD to EF 3.0. Ispra. doi 10:002447.
   Google Scholar
• Frankowska, A., H. K. Jeswani, and A. Azapagic. 2019. Life cycle environmental impacts of fruits consumption in the UK. Journal of Environmental Management 248:109111. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frischknecht, R., Steiner, R., and Jungbluth, N. (2008). The Ecological Scarcity Method – Eco-Factors 2006. A method for impact assessment in LCA. Environmental studies no. 0906. Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), Bern: 188 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Garcia, G., J. Stone, and S. Rahimifard. 2019. Opportunities for waste valorisation in the food industry–A case study with four UK food manufacturers. Journal of Cleaner Production 211:1339–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasnier, C. 2012. Étude de l’impact des conditions de travail sur la santé dans la perspective de développer des pathways en ACV sociale. Bilan de Recherche de Stage (March–october 2012). Altran and IRSTEA.
   Google Scholar
• Greco, S.L., Wilson, A.M., Spengler J.D., and Levy J.I. (2007). Spatial patterns of mobile source particulate matter emissions-to-exposure relationships across the United States. Atmospheric Environment (41), 1011–1025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heller, M., & University of Michigan. Center for Sustainable Systems. 2017. Food product environmental footprint literature summary: Packaging and wasted food. In State of oregon department of environmental quality.
   Google Scholar
• Hoekstra, A. Y., and M. M. Mekonnen. 2012. The water footprint of humanity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (9):3232–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1109936109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huarachi, D. A. R., C. M. Piekarski, F. N. Puglieri, and A. C. de Francisco. 2020. Past and future of social life cycle assessment: Historical evolution and research trends. Journal of Cleaner Production 264:121506. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humbert, S. (2009). Geographically Differentiated Life-cycle Impact Assessment of Human Health. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA. Doctoral dissertation
   Google Scholar
• ILCD. 2011. Handbook: Recommendations for life cycle impact assessment in the European context-based on existing environmental impact assessment models and factors. Luxemburg: JRC-IES.
   Google Scholar
• International EPD System. 2019. PCR 2019-08-18 fruits and nuts (UN CPC 013) version 1.
   Google Scholar
• Iofrida, N., A. I. De Luca, F. Silveri, G. Falcone, T. Stillitano, G. Gulisano, and A. Strano. 2019. Psychosocial risk factors’ impact pathway for social life cycle assessment: An application to citrus life cycles in South Italy. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 24 (4):767–80. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-018-1482-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ISO. 2006a. ISO 14044:2006. Environmental management — life cycle assessment — requirements and guidelines.
   Google Scholar
• ISO. 2006b. ISO 14040:2006. Environmental management — life cycle assessment — principles and framework.
   Google Scholar
• Joglekar, S. N., P. D. Pathak, S. A. Mandavgane, and B. D. Kulkarni. 2019. Process of fruit peel waste biorefinery: A case study of citrus waste biorefinery, its environmental impacts and recommendations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26 (34):34713–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04196-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudsen, M. T., J. E. Hermansen, N. Halberg, L. Andreasen, and A. Williams. 2011. Life cycle assessment of organic food and farming systems: Methodological challenges related to greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. AO: Agriculture and Climate change mitigation. A report of the round table on organic agriculture and climate change, 33-60. 33–62.
   Google Scholar
• Lo Giudice, A., C. Mbohwa, M. T. Clasadonte, and C. Ingrao. 2013. Environmental assessment of the citrus fruit production in Sicily using LCA. Italian Journal of Food Science 25 (2):202–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macombe, C., D. Loeillet, and C. Gillet. 2018. Extended community of peers and robustness of social LCA. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 23 (3):492–506. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-016-1226-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mani, V., R. Agarwal, A. Gunasekaran, T. Papadopoulos, R. Dubey, and S. J. Childe. 2016. Social sustainability in the supply chain: Construct development and measurement validation. Ecological Indicators 71:270–79. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin-Gorriz, B., B. Gallego-Elvira, V. Martínez-Alvarez, and J. F. Maestre-Valero. 2020. Life cycle assessment of fruit and vegetable production in the region of Murcia (south-east Spain) and evaluation of impact mitigation practices. Journal of Cleaner Production 265:121656. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121656.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Hernandez, E., M. Magdaleno Molina, L. A. Melgarejo Flores, M. E. Palmerín Ruiz, J. A. Zermeño Eguialis, A. Rosas Molina, J. Aburto, and M. A. Amezcua-Allieri. 2019. Energy-water nexus strategies for the energetic valorization of orange peels based on techno-economic and environmental impact assessment. Food and Bioproducts Processing 117:380–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2019.08.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAuliffe, G. A., T. Takahashi, and M. R. Lee. 2020. Applications of nutritional functional units in commodity-level life cycle assessment (LCA) of agri-food systems. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 25 (2):208–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-019-01679-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milà i Canals, L., Bauer, C., Depestele, J., Dubreuil, A., Freiermuth Knuchel, R., Gaillard, G., Michelsen, O., Müller-Wenk, R., and Rydgren B. (2007a). Key elements in a framework for land use impact assessment within LCA. Int J LCA 12:5–15.
   Google Scholar
• Miranda-Ackerman, M. A., C. Azzaro-Pantel, and A. A. Aguilar-Lasserre. 2017. A green supply chain network design framework for the processed food industry: Application to the orange juice agrofood cluster. Computers & Industrial Engineering 109:369–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2017.04.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Torres, M. J., M. A. Fernández Izquierdo, J. M. Rivera-Lirio, I. Ferrero-Ferrero, E. Escrig-Olmedo, and J. V. Gisbert-Navarro. 2019. Organization boundaries. How to Integrate transport operations in circular economy thinking. The timber case study. In Sustainable and efficient transport: Incentives for promoting a green transport market. Ellen Eftestøl-Wilhelmsson, ed. S. Sankari, and A. Bask, 53–70. UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Torres, M. J., M. Á. Fernández-Izquierdo, J. M. Rivera-Lirio, I. Ferrero-Ferrero, and E. Escrig-Olmedo. 2021. Sustainable supply chain management in a global context: A consistency analysis in the textile industry between environmental management practices at company level and sectoral and global environmental challenges. Environment, Development and Sustainability 23 (3):3883–916. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00748-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Torres, M. J., M. Á. Fernández-Izquierdo, J. M. Rivera-Lirio, I. Ferrero-Ferrero, E. Escrig-Olmedo, J. V. Gisbert-Navarro, and M. C. Marullo. 2018. An assessment tool to integrate sustainability principles into the global supply chain. Sustainability 10 (2):535. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020535.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negro, V., B. Ruggeri, D. Fino, and D. Tonini. 2017. Life cycle assessment of Orange peel waste management. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 127:148–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.08.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neppach, S., K. R. Nunes, and L. Schebek. 2017. Organizational environmental footprint in German construction companies. Journal of Cleaner Production 142:78–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolo, B. F., A. I. De Luca, T. Stillitano, N. Iofrida, G. Falcone, and G. Gulisano. 2017. Environmental and economic sustainability assessment of navel oranges from the cultivation to the packinghouse according to environmental product declarations system. Calitatea 18 (158):108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolo, B. F., M. C. De Salvo, C. Ramirez-Sanz, A. V. Estruch, N. Sanjuan, G. Falcone, and A. Strano. 2015. Environmental sustainability of the clementine production systems in Italy and Spain: An approach based on life cycle assessment. In Ecosystems and sustainable development X , ed. I. Miralles, JL Garcia , JL, and Brebbia, CA, 173–84. UK: WIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolo, B. F., M. C. De Salvo, C. Ramírez-Sanz, V. E. Estruch, N. Sanjuan, G. Falcone, and A. Strano. 2018. Life cycle assessment applied to different citrus farming systems in Spain and Italy. Agroecology And Sustainable Food Systems 42 (10):1092–105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2018.1490942.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Notarnicola, B., S. Sala, A. Anton, S. J. McLaren, E. Saouter, and U. Sonesson. 2017. The role of life cycle assessment in supporting sustainable agri-food systems: A review of the challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production 140:399–409. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.071.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz, D. L., E. Batuecas, C. E. Orrego, L. J. Rodríguez, E. Camelin, and D. Fino. 2020. Sustainable anagement of peel waste in the small-scale orange juice industries: A Colombian case study. Journal of Cleaner Production 265:121587. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121587.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, G. 2005. Sustainable food? Teikei, co-operatives and food citizenship in Japan and the UK. In Working papers in real estate & planning 11/05,. UK: Centre of Planning Studies, Department of Real Estate and Planning. University of Reading.
   Google Scholar
• Pelletier, N., F. Ardente, M. Brandão, C. De Camillis, and D. Pennington. 2015. Rationales for and limitations of preferred solutions for multi-functionality problems in LCA: Is increased consistency possible? International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 20 (1):74–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-014-0812-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pergola, M., M. D’Amico, G. Celano, A. Palese, A. Scuderi, G. Di Vita, … P. Inglese. 2013. Sustainability evaluation of Sicily’s lemon and Orange production: An energy, economic and environmental analysis. Journal of Environmental Management 128:674–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Power, W. 2009. Life cycle management: How business uses it to decrease footprint, create opportunities and make value chains more sustainable. United Nations Environment Programme & Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Pretty, J., G. Smith, K. W. T. Goulding, S. J. Groves, I. Henderson, R. E. Hine, V. King, J. van Oostrum, D. J. Pendlington, J. K. Vis, et al. 2008. Multi-year assessment of Unilever’s progress towards agricultural sustainability I: Indicators, methodology and pilot farm results. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 6 (1):37–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.3763/ijas.2007.0322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribal, J., V. Estruch, G. Clemente, M. Loreto Fenollosa, and N. Sanjuan. 2019. Assessing variability in carbon footprint throughout the food supply chain: A case study of Valencian oranges. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 24 (8):515–1532. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-018-01580-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribal, J., C. Ramirez-Sanz, V. Estruch, G. Clemente, and N. Sanjuan. 2017. Organic versus conventional citrus. Impact assessment and variability analysis in the Comunitat Valenciana (Spain). International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 22 (4):571–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-016-1048-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribal, J., N. Sanjuan, G. Clemente, and M. Loreto Fenollosa. 2009. Eco-efficiency measurement in agricultural production. A case study on citrus fruits production. Economia Agraria y Recursos Naturales 9 (2):125–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2009.02.06.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, R.K., Bachmann, T.M., Gold, L.S., Huijbregts, M.A.J., Jolliet, O., Juraske, R., Köhler, A., Larsen, H.F., MacLeod, M., Margni, M., McKone, T.E., Payet, J., Schuhmacher, M., van de Meent, D., and Hauschild, M.Z. (2008): USEtox - The UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment. Int J LCA, 13(7): 532–546, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seuring, S., and M. Müller. 2008. From a literature review to a conceptual framework for sustainable supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production 16 (15):1699–710. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.04.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sgroi, F., M. Candela, A. M. D. Trapani, M. Foderà, R. Squatrito, R. Testa, and S. Tudisca. 2015. Economic and financial comparison between organic and conventional farming in Sicilian lemon orchards. Sustainability 7 (1):947–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silveri, F., C. Macombe, C. Gasnier, and S. Grimbhuler 2014. Anticipating the psychosocial factors effects in social LCA. Proceedings of SETAC Europe 24th Annual Meeting , May 11–15, Basel.
   Google Scholar
• Spadaro, J. V., & Rabl, A. (2004). Pathway analysis for population‐total health impacts of toxic metal emissions. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 24(5), 1121–1141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strano, A., G. Falcone, B. F. Nicolò, T. Stillitano, A. I. De Luca, F. S. Nesci, and G. Gulisano. 2017. Eco-profiles and economic performances of a high-value fruit crop in southern Italy: A case study of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso). Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 41 (9–10):1124–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tecco, N., C. Baudino, V. Girgenti, and C. Peano. 2016. Innovation strategies in a fruit growers association impact assessment by using combined LCA and s-LCA methodologies. Science of the Total Environment 568:253–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyszler, M., G. Kramer, and H. Blonk. 2014. Comparing apples with oranges: On the functional equivalence of food products for comparative LCAs. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 19 (8):1482–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-014-0762-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNEP: UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative (2016) – Global Guidance for Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicators. Volume 1.
   Google Scholar
• UNEP/SETAC. 2009. Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of products. www.unep.org (Accessed 25 February 2021)
   Google Scholar
• UNEP/SETAC. 2013. The methodological sheets for Sub-categories in Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA). www.unep.org (Accessed 20 February 2021)
   Google Scholar
• Vermunt, D. A., S. O. Negro, F. S. J. Van Laerhoven, P. A. Verweij, and M. P. Hekkert. 2020. Sustainability transitions in the agri-food sector: How ecology affects transition dynamics. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 36:236–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2020.06.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter, M. 2003. Embeddedness, the new food economy and defensive localism. Journal of Rural Studies 19 (1):23–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(02)00053-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Economic forum 2020. World Economic Forum annual meeting. In https://www.weforum.org/events/world-economic-forum-annual-meeting-2020 (accessed January, 4, 2021)
   Google Scholar
• Yan, M., K. Cheng, Q. Yue, Y. Yan, R. M. Rees, and G. Pan. 2016. Farm and product carbon footprints of China’s fruit production—life cycle inventory of representative orchards of five major fruits. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23 (5):4681–91. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5670-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar