References
- Turner JR. Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009 Nov 9;9(11):1–15. PMID: 19855405. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2653.
- Kojima T, Go M, Takano K, Kurose M, Ohkuni T, Koizumi J, Kamekura R, Ogasawara N, Masaki T, Fuchimoto J, et al. Regulation of tight junctions in upper airway epithelium. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:947072. Epub 2012 Dec 29. PMID: 23509817; PMCID: PMC3591135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/947072.
- Vllasaliu D, Fowler R, Garnett M, Eaton M, Stolnik S. Barrier characteristics of epithelial cultures modelling the airway and intestinal mucosa: a comparison. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Dec 2;415(4):579–585. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22079636. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.108.
- Anderson JM, Van Itallie CM. Physiology and function of the tight junction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Aug;1(2):a002584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a002584. PMID: 20066090; PMCID: PMC2742087.
- Matter K, Aijaz S, Tsapara A, Balda MS. Mammalian tight junctions in the regulation of epithelial differentiation and proliferation. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;17(5):453–458. PMID: 16098725. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2005.08.003.
- Takano K, Kojima T, Sawada N, Himi T. Role of tight junctions in signal transduction: an update. EXCLI J. 2014 Oct;13(13):1145–1162. PMID: 26417329; PMCID: PMC4464418.
- Sawada N. Tight junction-related human diseases. Pathol Int. 2013 Jan;63(1):1–12. Epub 2013 Jan 7. PMID: 23356220; PMCID: PMC7168075. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.12021.
- Furuse M, Itoh M, Hirase T, Nagafuchi A, Yonemura S, Tsukita S, Tsukita S. Direct association of occludin with ZO-1 and its possible involvement in the localization of occludin at tight junctions. J Cell Biol. 1994 Dec;127(6):1617–1626. PMID: 7798316; PMCID: PMC2120300. doi:https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.127.6.1617.
- Heinemann U, Schuetz A. Structural features of tight-junction proteins. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 29;20(23):6020. PMID: 31795346; PMCID: PMC6928914. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236020.
- Tsukita S, Furuse M. The structure and function of claudins, cell adhesion molecules at tight junctions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;915(1):129–135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05235.x. PMID: 11193568
- Krause G, Winkler L, Mueller SL, Haseloff RF, Piontek J, Blasig IE. Structure and function of claudins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Mar;1778(3):631–645. Epub 2007 Oct 25. PMID: 18036336. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.10.018.
- Amasheh S, Meiri N, Gitter AH, Schöneberg T, Mankertz J, Schulzke JD, Fromm M. Claudin-2 expression induces cation-selective channels in tight junctions of epithelial cells. J Cell Sci. 2002 Dec 15;115(24):4969–4976. PMID: 12432083. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.00165.
- Venugopal S, Anwer S, Szászi K. Claudin-2: roles beyond permeability functions. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 12;20(22):5655. PMID: 31726679; PMCID: PMC6888627. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225655.
- Furuse M, Oda Y, Higashi T, Iwamoto N, Masuda S. Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor: a novel membrane protein of tricellular tight junctions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Jun;1257(1):54–58. PMID: 22671589. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06486.x.
- Higashi T, Tokuda S, Kitajiri S, Masuda S, Nakamura H, Oda Y, Furuse M. Analysis of the ‘angulin’ proteins LSR, ILDR1 and ILDR2–tricellulin recruitment, epithelial barrier function and implication in deafness pathogenesis. J Cell Sci. 2013 Feb 15;126(\(Pt4)):966–977. Epub 2012 Dec 13. Erratum in: J Cell Sci. 2013 Aug 15;126\(Pt16): 3797.PMID: 23239027. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.116442.
- Konno T, Kohno T, Kikuchi S, Shimada H, Satohisa S, Saito T, Kondoh M, Kojima T. Epithelial barrier dysfunction and cell migration induction via JNK/cofilin/actin by angubindin-1. Tissue Barriers. 2020;8(1):1695475. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21688370.2019.1695475. Epub 2019 Nov 29. PMID: 31782346; PMCID: PMC7063864
- Shimada H, Abe S, Kohno T, Satohisa S, Konno T, Takahashi S, Hatakeyama T, Arimoto C, Kakuki T, Kaneko Y, et al. Loss of tricellular tight junction protein LSR promotes cell invasion and migration via upregulation of TEAD1/AREG in human endometrial cancer. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan;10(7):37049. PMID: 28071680; PMCID: PMC5223122. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37049.
- Kohno T, Konno T, Kojima T. Role of tricellular tight junction protein lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) in cancer cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 20;20(14):3555. PMID: 31330820; PMCID: PMC6679224. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143555.
- Kyuno T, Kyuno D, Kohno T, Konno T, Kikuchi S, Arimoto C, Yamaguchi H, Imamura M, Kimura Y, Kondoh M, et al. Tricellular tight junction protein LSR/angulin-1 contributes to the epithelial barrier and malignancy in human pancreatic cancer cell line. Histochem Cell Biol. 2020 Jan;153(1):5–16. Epub 2019 Oct 24. PMID: 31650247. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-019-01821-4.
- Kojima T, Fuchimoto J, Yamaguchi H, Ito T, Takasawa A, Ninomiya T, Kikuchi S, Ogasawara N, Ohkuni T, Masaki T, et al. c-Jun N-terminal kinase is largely involved in the regulation of tricellular tight junctions via tricellulin in human pancreatic duct epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 2010 Nov;225(3):720–733. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.22273.PMID:20533305.
- Nakatsu D, Kano F, Shinozaki-Narikawa N, Murata M. Pyk2-dependent phosphorylation of LSR enhances localization of LSR and tricellulin at tricellular tight junctions. PLoS One. 2019 Oct 1;14(10):e0223300. PMID: 31574128; PMCID: PMC6773211. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223300.
- Konno T, Kohno T, Miyakawa M, Tanaka H, Kojima T. Pyk2 inhibitor prevents epithelial hyperpermeability induced by HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines in Caco-2 cells. Tissue Barriers. 2021 Apr 3;9(2):1890526. Epub 2021 Mar 4. PMID: 33660567; PMCID: PMC8078543. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21688370.2021.1890526.
- Inoue H, Akimoto K, Homma T, Tanaka A, Sagara H. Airway epithelial dysfunction in asthma: relevant to epidermal growth factor receptors and airway epithelial cells. J Clin Med. 2020 Nov 18;9(11):3698. PMID: 33217964; PMCID: PMC7698733. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113698.
- Ganesan S, At C, Sajjan US. Barrier function of airway tract epithelium. Tissue Barriers. 2013 Oct 1;1(4):e24997. Epub 2013 May 30. PMID: 24665407; PMCID: PMC3783221. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/tisb.24997.
- Schilpp C, Lochbaum R, Braubach P, Jonigk D, Frick M, Dietl P, Wittekindt OH. Wittekindt OH. TGF-β1 increases permeability of ciliated airway epithelia via redistribution of claudin 3 from tight junction into cell nuclei. Pflugers Arch. 2021 Feb 2;473(2):287–311. Epub 2021 Jan 2. PMID: 33386991; PMCID: PMC7835204. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-020-02501-2.
- Schlingmann B, Molina SA, Claudins: KM. Gatekeepers of lung epithelial function. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2015 Jun;42:47–57 . Epub 2015 May 4. PMID: 25951797; PMCID: PMC4562902. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.04.009.
- Wittekindt OH. Tight junctions in pulmonary epithelia during lung inflammation. Pflugers Arch. 2017 Jan;469(1):135–147. Epub 2016 Dec 5. PMID: 27921210; PMCID: PMC5203840. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-016-1917-3.
- Cb C, Tm G, Rc B, JL C, Johnson LG. Role of claudin interactions in airway tight junctional permeability. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):L1166–78. Epub 2003 Aug 8. PMID: 12909588. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00182.2003.
- Kaarteenaho-Wiik R, Soini Y. Claudin-1, −2, −3, −4, −5, and −7 in usual interstitial pneumonia and sarcoidosis. J Histochem Cytochem. 2009 Mar;57(3):187–195. Epub 2008 Oct 27. PMID: 18955738; PMCID: PMC2664931. doi:https://doi.org/10.1369/jhc.2008.951566.
- Kaarteenaho R, Merikallio H, Lehtonen S, Harju T, Soini Y. Divergent expression of claudin −1, −3, −4, −5 and −7 in developing human lung. Respir Res. 2010 May 17;11(1):59. PMID: 20478039; PMCID: PMC2886022. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-11-59.
- Kielgast F, Schmidt H, Braubach P, Winkelmann VE, Thompson KE, Frick M, Dietl P, Wittekindt OH. Glucocorticoids regulate tight junction permeability of lung epithelia by modulating Claudin 8. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2016 May;54(5):707–717. PMID: 26473470. doi:https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2015-0071OC.
- Koval M. Claudin heterogeneity and control of lung tight junctions. Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75(1):551–567. doi:https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183809. Epub 2012 Oct 15. PMID: 23072447
- Overgaard CE, Mitchell LA, Koval M. Roles for claudins in alveolar epithelial barrier function. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012 Jun;1257(1):167–174. PMID: 22671603; PMCID: PMC3375852. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06545.x.
- Furuse M, Izumi Y, Oda Y, Higashi T, Iwamoto N. Molecular organization of tricellular tight junctions. Tissue Barriers. 2014 May 1;2(3):e28960. PMID: 25097825; PMCID: PMC4117683. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/tisb.28960.
- Kodera Y, Kohno T, Konno T, Arai W, Tsujiwaki M, Shindo Y, Chiba H, Miyakawa M, Tanaka H, Sakuma Y, et al. HMGB1 enhances epithelial permeability via p63/TGF-β signaling in lung and terminal bronchial epithelial cells. Tissue Barriers. 2020 Oct 1;8(4):1805997. Epub 2020 Aug 28. PMID: 32857676; PMCID: PMC7714505. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21688370.2020.1805997.
- Shindo Y, Arai W, Konno T, Kohno T, Kodera Y, Chiba H, Miyajima M, Sakuma Y, Watanabe A, Kojima T. Effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors Tricostatin A and Quisinostat on tight junction proteins of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and normal lung epithelial cells. Histochem Cell Biol. 2021 May 11;155(6):637–653. PMID: 33974136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-021-01966-1.
- Gon Y, Hashimoto S. Role of airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in pathogenesis of asthma. Allergol Int. 2018 Jan;67(1):12–17. Epub 2017 Sep 21. PMID: 28941636. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alit.2017.08.011.
- Sweerus K, Lachowicz-Scroggins M, Gordon E, LaFemina M, Huang X, Parikh M, Kanegai C, Fahy JV, Frank JA. Claudin-18 deficiency is associated with airway epithelial barrier dysfunction and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Jan;139(1):72–81.e1. Epub 2016 Apr 20. PMID: 27215490; PMCID: PMC5073041. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.035.
- Saatian B, Rezaee F, Desando S, Emo J, Chapman T, Knowlden S, Georas SN. Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 cause barrier dysfunction in human airway epithelial cells. Tissue Barriers. 2013 Apr 1;1(2):e24333. PMID: 24665390; PMCID: PMC3875607. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/tisb.24333.
- Yang R, Tan M, Xu J, Zhao X. Investigating the regulatory role of ORMDL3 in airway barrier dysfunction using in vivo and in vitro models. Int J Mol Med. 2019 Aug;44(2):535–548. Epub 2019 Jun 6. PMID: 31173170; PMCID: PMC6605285. doi:https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4233.
- Togami K, Yamaguchi K, Chono S, Tada H. Evaluation of permeability alteration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by transforming growth factor-β1 in A549, NCI-H441, and Calu-3 cells: development of an in vitro model of respiratory epithelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2017 Jul;86:19–27 . Epub 2017 Mar 1. PMID: 28259823. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vascn.2017.02.023.
- Ohta H, Chiba S, Ebina M, Furuse M, Nukiwa T. Altered expression of tight junction molecules in alveolar septa in lung injury and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2012 Jan 15;302(2):L193–205. Epub 2011 Oct 14. PMID: 22003091. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00349.2010.
- Majewski S, Piotrowski WJ. Air pollution – an overlooked risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Med. 2020 Dec 28;10(1):77. PMID: 33379260; PMCID: PMC7794751. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010077.
- Smyth T, Veazey J, Eliseeva S, Chalupa D, Elder A, Georas SN. Diesel exhaust particle exposure reduces expression of the epithelial tight junction protein tricellulin. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2020 Oct 15;17(1):52. PMID: 33059747; PMCID: PMC7560077. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12989-020-00383-x.
- Aghapour M, Raee P, Moghaddam SJ, Hiemstra PS, Heijink IH. Airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: role of cigarette smoke exposure. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2018 Feb;58(2):157–169. PMID: 28933915. doi:https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2017-0200TR.
- Cuzić S, Bosnar M, Kramarić MD, Ferencić Z, Marković D, Glojnarić I, Eraković Haber V. Claudin-3 and Clara cell 10 kDa protein as early signals of cigarette smoke-induced epithelial injury along alveolar ducts. Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Dec;40(8):1169–1187. Epub 2012 Jun 1. PMID: 22659244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623312448937.
- Kaminski N, Allard JD, Pittet JF, Zuo F, Griffiths MJ, Morris D, Huang X, Sheppard D, Heller RA. Global analysis of gene expression in pulmonary fibrosis reveals distinct programs regulating lung inflammation and fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Feb 15;97(4):1778–1783. PMID: 10677534; PMCID: PMC26512. doi:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.4.1778.
- Yamaguchi K, Iwamoto H, Sakamoto S, Horimasu Y, Masuda T, Miyamoto S, Nakashima T, Ohshimo S, Fujitaka K, Hamada H, et al. Serum high-mobility group box 1 is associated with the onset and severity of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology. 2020 Mar 3;25(3):275–280. Epub 2019 Jul 3. PMID: 31270920. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.13634.
- Huang W, Zhao H, Dong H, Wu Y, Yao L, Zou F, Cai S. High-mobility group box 1 impairs airway epithelial barrier function through the activation of the RAGE/ERK pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2016 May;37(5):1189–1198. Epub 2016 Mar 24. PMID: 27035254; PMCID: PMC4829140. doi:https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2537.
- Willis BC, Borok Z. TGF-beta-induced EMT: mechanisms and implications for fibrotic lung disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):L525–34. Epub 2007 Jul 13. PMID: 17631612. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00163.2007.
- Li LC, Li DL, Xu L, Mo XT, Cui WH, Zhao P, Zhou WC, Gao J, Li J. High-mobility group box 1 mediates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis involving transforming growth factor-β1/smad2/3 signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015 Sep;354(3):302–309. Epub 2015 Jun 30. PMID: 26126535. doi:https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.114.222372.
- Gui Y, Sun J, You W, Wei Y, Tian H, Jiang S. Glycyrrhizin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting high-mobility group box1 via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway in lung epithelial cells. PeerJ. 2020 Feb 3;8:e8514. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8514. PMID: 32117622; PMCID: PMC7003690.
- Ware LB, Matthay MA. Alveolar fluid clearance is impaired in the majority of patients with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 May;163(6):1376–1383. PMID: 11371404. doi:https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.163.6.2004035.
- Herrero R, Sanchez G, Lorente JA. New insights into the mechanisms of pulmonary edema in acute lung injury. Ann Transl Med. 2018 Jan 6;2:32. doi:https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2017.12.18. PMID: 29430449; PMCID: PMC5799138.
- Jin W, Rong L, Liu Y, Song Y, Li Y, Pan J. Increased claudin-3, −4 and −18 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid reflect severity of acute lung injury. Respirology. 2013 May;18(4):643–651. PMID: 23253121. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.12034.
- Kage H, Flodby P, Gao D, Kim YH, Marconett CN, DeMaio L, Kim KJ, Crandall ED, Borok Z. Claudin 4 knockout mice: normal physiological phenotype with increased susceptibility to lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2014 Oct 1;307(7):L524–36. Epub 2014 Aug 8. PMID: 25106430; PMCID: PMC4187039. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00077.2014.
- Wray C, Mao Y, Pan J, Chandrasena A, Piasta F, Frank JA. Claudin-4 augments alveolar epithelial barrier function and is induced in acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):L219–27. Epub 2009 May 15. PMID: 19447895; PMCID: PMC2742793. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00043.2009.
- Sweerus K, Lachowicz-Scroggins M, Gordon E, LaFemina M, Huang X, Parikh M, Kanegai C, Fahy JV, Frank JA. Claudin-18 deficiency is associated with airway epithelial barrier dysfunction and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Jan;139(1):72–81.e1. Epub 2016 Apr 20.PMID: 27215490. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.035.
- Cohen TS, Gray Lawrence G, Margulies SS. Cultured alveolar epithelial cells from septic rats mimic in vivo septic lung. PLoS One. 2010 Jun 25;5(6):e11322. PMID: 20593014; PMCID: PMC2892473. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0011322.
- Ma X, Yu X, Zhou Q. The IL1β-HER2-CLDN18/CLDN4 axis mediates lung barrier damage in ARDS. Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Feb 15;12(4):3249–3265. Epub 2020 Feb 15. PMID: 32065780; PMCID: PMC7066891. doi:https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.102804.
- Li G, Flodby P, Luo J, Kage H, Sipos A, Gao D, Ji Y, Beard LL, Marconett CN, DeMaio L, et al. Knockout mice reveal key roles for claudin 18 in alveolar barrier properties and fluid homeostasis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014 Aug;51(2):210–222. PMID: 24588076; PMCID: PMC4148039. doi:https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2013-0353OC.
- Wynne M, Atkinson C, Schlosser RJ, Mulligan JK. Contribution of epithelial cell dysfunction to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2019 Nov;33(6):782–790. Epub 2019 Aug 5. PMID: 31382760; PMCID: PMC6843741. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1945892419868588.
- Jiao J, Wang C, Zhang L. Epithelial physical barrier defects in chronic rhinosinusitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2019 Jun;15(6):679–688. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2019.1601556. Epub 2019 Apr 9. PMID: 30925220.
- Siti Sarah CO, Md Shukri N, Mohd Ashari NS, Wong KK. Zonula occludens and nasal epithelial barrier integrity in allergic rhinitis. PeerJ. 2020 Sep 4;8:e9834. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9834. PMID: 32953271; PMCID: PMC7476493.
- Rinaldi AO, Korsfeldt A, Ward S, Burla D, Dreher A, Gautschi M, Stolpe B, Tan G, Bersuch E, Melin D, et al. Electrical impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of skin barrier in atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2021 Apr 8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33830511. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14842.
- Nur Husna SM, Tan H-T-T, Md Shukri N, Mohd Ashari NS, Wong KK. Nasal epithelial barrier integrity and tight junctions disruption in allergic rhinitis: overview and pathogenic insights. Front. Immunol 2021;12:663626. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.663626.
- Lu Z, Ding L, Lu Q, YH C. Claudins in intestines: distribution and functional significance in health and diseases. Tissue Barriers. 2013;1(3):e24978. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/tisb.24978.
- Luettig J, Rosenthal R, Barmeyer C, Schulzke JD. Claudin-2 as a mediator of leaky gut barrier during intestinal inflammation. Tissue Barriers. 2015 Apr 3;3(1–2):e977176. eCollection 2015.PMID: 25838982. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/21688370.2014.977176.
- Resnik-Docampo M, Koehler CL, Clark RI, Schinaman JM, Sauer V, Wong DM, Lewis S, D’Alterio C, Walker DW, Jones DL. Tricellular junctions regulate intestinal stem cell behaviour to maintain homeostasis. Nat Cell Biol. 2017 Jan;19(1):52–59. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb3454. Epub 2016 Dec 19. PMID: 27992405; PMCID: PMC6336109. 19
- Martini E, Krug SM, Siegmund B, Neurath MF, Becker C. Mend your fences: the epithelial barrier and its relationship with mucosal immunity in inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Mar 23;4(1):33–46. PMID: 28560287; PMCID: PMC5439240. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.03.007.
- Zeissig S, Bürgel N, Günzel D, Richter J, Mankertz J, Wahnschaffe U, Kroesen AJ, Zeitz M, Fromm M, Schulzke JD. Changes in expression and distribution of claudin 2, 5 and 8 lead to discontinuous tight junctions and barrier dysfunction in active Crohn’s disease. Gut. 2007 Jan;56(1):61–72. Epub 2006 Jul 5. PMID: 16822808; PMCID: PMC1856677. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2006.094375.
- Heller F, Florian P, Bojarski C, Richter J, Christ M, Hillenbrand B, Mankertz J, Gitter AH, Bürgel N, Fromm M. Interleukin-13 is the key effector Th2 cytokine in ulcerative colitis that affects epithelial tight junctions, apoptosis, and cell restitution. Gastroenterology. 2005 Aug;129(2):550–564. PMID: 16083712. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastro.2005.05.002.
- Ohashi W, Fukada T. Contribution of zinc and zinc transporters in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. J Immunol Res. 2019 Mar 10 2019; 8396878. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8396878 PMID: 30984791; PMCID: PMC6431494
- Kjærgaard S, MMB D, Chang J, Lb R, Hb R, Hytting-Andreasen R, Sm K, Jd S, Bindslev N, Hansen MB. Altered structural expression and enzymatic activity parameters in quiescent ulcerative colitis: are these potential normalization criteria? Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Mar 10;21(5):1887. PMID: 32164249; PMCID: PMC7084207. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051887.
- Krug SM, Bojarski C, Fromm A, Lee IM, Dames P, Richter JF, Turner JR, Fromm M, Schulzke JD. Tricellulin is regulated via interleukin-13-receptor α2, affects macromolecule uptake, and is decreased in ulcerative colitis. Mucosal Immunol. 2018 Mar;11(2):345–356. Epub 2017 Jun 14. PMID: 28612843; PMCID: PMC5730503. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/mi.2017.52.
- Hu JE, Weiß F, Bojarski C, Branchi F, Schulzke JD, Fromm M, Krug SM. Expression of tricellular tight junction proteins and the paracellular macromolecule barrier are recovered in remission of ulcerative colitis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021 Mar 31;21(1):141. PMID: 33789594; PMCID: PMC8010963. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-021-01723-7.
- Yang H, Wang H, Chavan SS, Andersson U. High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1): the prototypical endogenous danger molecule. Mol Med. 2015 Oct 27;21(Suppl 3):S6–S12. PMID: 26605648; PMCID: PMC4661054. doi:https://doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2015.00087.
- Kang R, Chen R, Zhang Q, Hou W, Wu S, Cao L, Huang J, Yu Y, Fan XG, Yan Z, et al. 3rd, Lotze MT, Tang D. HMGB1 in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med. 2014 Dec;40:1–116 . Epub 2014 Jul 8. PMID: 25010388; PMCID: PMC4254084. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2014.05.001.
- Hou C, Zhao H, Liu L, Li W, Zhou X, Lv Y, Shen X, Liang Z, Cai S, Zou F. High mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in asthma: comparison of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy controls. Mol Med. 2011;17(7–8):807–815. doi:https://doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2010.00173. Epub 2011 Mar 3. PMID: 21380479; PMCID: PMC3146613
- Hosakote YM, Brasier AR, Casola A, Garofalo RP, Kurosky A, Lyles DS. Respiratory syncytial virus infection triggers epithelial HMGB1 release as a damage-associated molecular pattern promoting a monocytic inflammatory response. J Virol. 2016 Oct 14;90(21):9618–9631. PMID: 27535058; PMCID: PMC5068515. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01279-16.
- Hamada N, Maeyama T, Kawaguchi T, Yoshimi M, Fukumoto J, Yamada M, Yamada S, Kuwano K, Nakanishi Y. The role of high mobility group box1 in pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2008 Oct;39(4):440–447. Epub 2008 Apr 25. PMID: 18441281. doi:https://doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2007-0330OC.
- Yuan Y, Liu Q, Zhao J, Tang H, Sun J. SIRT1 attenuates murine allergic rhinitis by downregulated HMGB 1/TLR4 pathway. Scand J Immunol. 2018 Jun;87(6):e12667. PMID: 29701897. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.12667.
- Bellussi LM, Cocca S, Passali GC, Passali D. HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of nasal inflammatory diseases and its inhibition as new therapeutic approach: a review from the literature. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Oct 4;21(4):390–398. Epub 2017 Jan 4. PMID: 29018504; PMCID: PMC5629088. doi:https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597665.
- Choi MR, Xu J, Lee S, Yeon SH, Park SK, Rha KS, Kim YM. Chloroquine treatment suppresses mucosal inflammation in a mouse model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2020 Nov;12(6):994–1011. PMID: 32935491; PMCID: PMC7492509. doi:https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2020.12.6.994.
- Zheng J, Wei X, Zhan JB, Jiang HY. [High mobility group box1 contributes to hypoxia-induced barrier dysfunction of nasal epithelial cells]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2017Aug5; 3115: 1178–1181 Chinese. doi: https://doi.org/10.13201/j.1001-1781.2017.15.009. PMID: 29798353.
- Hu Z, Wang X, Gong L, Wu G, Peng X, Tang X. Role of high-mobility group box 1 protein in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Res. 2015 Aug;64(8):557–563. Epub 2015 Jun 16. PMID: 26077468. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-015-0841-x.
- Palone F, Vitali R, Cucchiara S, Pierdomenico M, Negroni A, Aloi M, Nuti F, Felice C, Armuzzi A, Stronati L. Role of HMGB1 as a suitable biomarker of subclinical intestinal inflammation and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2014 Aug;20(8):1448–1457. PMID: 24983978. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/MIB.0000000000000113.
- Yamasaki H, Mitsuyama K, Masuda J, Kuwaki K, Takedatsu H, Sugiyama G, Yamada S, Sata M. Roles of high-mobility group box 1 in murine experimental colitis. Mol Med Rep. 2009 Jan-Feb;2(1):23–27. PMID: 21475785. doi:https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr_00000056.
- Liu S, Stolz DB, Sappington PL, Macias CA, Killeen ME, Tenhunen JJ, Delude RL, Fink MP. HMGB1 is secreted by immunostimulated enterocytes and contributes to cytomix-induced hyperpermeability of Caco-2 monolayers. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Apr;290(4):C990–9. Epub 2005 Nov 9. PMID: 16282196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00308.2005.
- Sappington PL, Yang R, Yang H, Tracey KJ, Delude RL, Fink MP. HMGB1 B box increases the permeability of Caco-2 enterocytic monolayers and impairs intestinal barrier function in mice. Gastroenterology. 2002 Sep;123(3):790–802. PMID: 12198705. doi:https://doi.org/10.1053/gast.2002.35391.
- Gui Y, Sun J, You W, Wei Y, Tian H, Jiang S. Glycyrrhizin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting high-mobility group box1 via the TGF- β 1/Smad2/3 pathway in lung epithelial cells. PeerJ. 2020 Feb 3;8:e8514. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8514. eCollection 2020.PMID: 32117622.
- Miyakawa M, Konno T, Kohno T, Kikuchi S, Tanaka H, Kojima T. Increase in epithelial permeability and cell metabolism by high mobility group box 1, inflammatory cytokines and TPEN in Caco-2 cells as a novel model of inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 10;21(22):8434. PMID: 33182652. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228434.
- Park SA, Kim MJ, Park SY, Kim JS, Lee SJ, Woo HA, Kim DK, Nam JS. Sheen YY. EW-7197 inhibits hepatic, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis by blocking TGF-β/Smad and ROS signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015 May;72(10):2023–2039. Epub 2014 Dec 9. PMID: 25487606. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1798-6.
- Binabaj MM, Asgharzadeh F, Avan A, Rahmani F, Soleimani A, Parizadeh MR, Ferns GA, Ryzhikov M, Khazaei M. Hassanian SM. EW-7197 prevents ulcerative colitis-associated fibrosis and inflammation. J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jul;234(7):11654–11661. Epub 2018 Nov 27. PMID: 30478959. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27823.
- Candi E, Terrinoni A, Rufini A, Chikh A, Lena AM, Suzuki Y, Sayan BS, Knight RA, Melino G. p63 is upstream of IKK alpha in epidermal development. J Cell Sci. 2006 Nov 15;119(Pt22):4617–4622. PMID: 17093266. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.03265.
- Kaneko Y, Kohno T, Kakuki T, Takano KI, Ogasawara N, Miyata R, Kikuchi S, Konno T, Ohkuni T, Yajima R, et al. The role of transcriptional factor p63 in regulation of epithelial barrier and ciliogenesis of human nasal epithelial cells. Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 7;7(1):10935. PMID: 28883651; PMCID: PMC5589951. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11481-w.
- Kaneko Y, Konno T, Kohno T, Kakuki T, Miyata R, Ohkuni T, Kakiuchi A, Yajima R, Ohwada K, Kurose M, et al. Induction of airway progenitor cells via p63 and KLF11 by Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 in hTERT-human nasal epithelial cells. Am J Transl Res. 2019 Feb 15;11(2):599–611. PMID: 30899365; PMCID: PMC6413250.
- Huang H, Tan KS, Zhou S, Yuan T, Liu J, Ong HH, Chen Q, Gao J, Xu M, Zhu Z, et al. p63+Krt5+ basal cells are increased in the squamous metaplastic epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic Rhinosinusitis. Radiat Oncol. 2020 Sep 25;15(1):222. PMID: 32977822; PMCID: PMC7517817. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-020-01656-7.
- Chilosi M, Poletti V, Murer B, Lestani M, Cancellieri A, Montagna L, Piccoli P, Cangi G, Semenzato G, Doglioni C. Abnormal re-epithelialization and lung remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: the role of deltaN-p63. Lab Invest. 2002 Oct;82(10):1335–1345. PMID: 12379768. doi:https://doi.org/10.1097/01.lab.0000032380.82232.67.
- Jonsdottir HR, Arason AJ, Palsson R, Franzdottir SR, Gudbjartsson T, Isaksson HJ, Gudmundsson G, Gudjonsson T, Magnusson MK. Basal cells of the human airways acquire mesenchymal traits in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and in culture. Lab Invest. 2015 Dec;95(12):1418–1428. Epub 2015 Sep 21. PMID: 26390052. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2015.114.
- Ohwada K, Konno T, Kohno T, Nakano N, Ohkuni T, Miyata R, Kakuki T, Kondoh M, Takano K, Kojima T. Effects of HMGB1 on tricellular tight junctions via TGF-β signaling in human nasal epithelial cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021;22(16):8390. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168390.
- Kodera Y, Chiba H, Konno T, Kohno T, Takahashi H, Kojima T. HMGB1-downregulated angulin-1/LSR induces epithelial barrier disruption via claudin-2 and cellular metabolism via AMPK in airway epithelial Calu-3 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Jun 25;527(2):553–560. Epub 2020 May 15.PMID: 32423802. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.113.
- Oshima T, Miwa H, Joh T. Changes in the expression of claudins in active ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Dec;23(Suppl 2):S146–50. PMID: 19120888. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05405.x.
- Hu JE, Bojarski C, Branchi F, Fromm M, Krug SM. Leptin downregulates angulin-1 in active crohn’s disease via STAT3. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Oct 22;21(21):7824. PMID: 33105684; PMCID: PMC7672602. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21217824.
- Martinotti S, Patrone M, Ranzato E. Emerging roles for HMGB1 protein in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Immunotargets Ther. 2015 May 26;4:101–109. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S58064. PMID: 27471716; PMCID: PMC4918250.
- Chen R, Huang Y, Quan J, Liu J, Wang H, Billiar TR, Lotze MT, Zeh HJ, Kang R, Tang D. HMGB1 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for severe COVID-19. Heliyon. 2020 Dec 7;6(12):e05672. PMID: 33313438; PMCID: PMC7720697. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05672.
- Wyganowska-Swiatkowska M, Nohawica M, Grocholewicz K, Nowak G. Influence of herbal medicines on HMGB1 release, SARS-CoV-2 viral attachment, acute respiratory failure, and sepsis. A literature review. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 30;21(13):4639. PMID: 32629817; PMCID: PMC7370028. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134639.
- Gomes CP, Fernandes DE, Casimiro F, da Mata GF, Passos MT, Varela P, Mastroianni-Kirsztajn G, Pesquero JB. Cathepsin L in COVID-19: from pharmacological evidences to genetics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10(10):589505. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.589505.
- Kumar A, Prasoon P, Kumari C, Pareek V, Faiq MA, Narayan RK, Kulandhasamy M, Kant K. SARS-CoV-2-specific virulence factors in COVID-19. J. Med. Virol 2021;93(3):1343–1350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.26615.