Formulation and Clinical Efficacy of Myrrh Extract in Hard Gelatin Capsules

References

• Hotez , PJ. , Zheng , F. , Long-qi , X. , Ming-gang , C. , Shu-hua , X. , Shu-xian , L. , Blair , D. , McManus , D. P. and Davis , G. M. 1997 . Emerging and reemerging helminthiases and the public health of China . Emerg. Infect. Dis. , 3 ( 3 ) : 303-310
   Google Scholar
• Davis , A. and Wegner , D. H. 1979 . Multicentre trials of praziquantel in human schistosomiasis: design and techniques . Bull. World Health Organ. , 57 ( 5 ) : 767-771
   Google Scholar
• Bennett , J. L. , Day , T , Liang , F. T. , Ismail , M. and Farghaly , A. 1997 . The development of resistance to anthelmintics: a perspective with an emphasis on the antischistosomal drug prazi- quantel . Exp. Parasitol. , 87 ( 3 ) : 260-267
   Google Scholar
• Boisier , P. , Ramarokoto , C. E. , Ravaoalimalala , V. E. , Rabarijaona , L. , Serieye , J. , Roux , J. and Esterre , P. 1998 . Reversibility of Schistosoma mansoni-associated morbidity after yearly mass praziquantel therapy: ultrasonographic assessment . Trans R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 92 ( 4 ) : 451-453
   Google Scholar
• Brindley , P. J. 1994 . Drug resistance to schistosomicides and other anthelmintics of medical significance . Acta Trop. , 56 ( 2-3 ) : 213-231
   Google Scholar
• Coles , G. C. , Bruce , J. I. , Kinoti , G. K. , Mutahi , W. T. , Dias , E. P. and andKatz , N. 1986 . Drug resistance in schistosomiasis . Trans R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 80 ( 2 ) : 347
   Google Scholar
• Cunha , V. M. and Noel , F. 1998 . (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)ATPase in Schistosoma mansoni: evidence for heterogeneity and resistance to praziquantel . Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. , 93 ( Suppl 1 ) : 181-182
   Google Scholar
• Dias , L. C. , Pedro , R. J. , Rigo , E. , Goto , M. M. and Mafra , G. L . 1978 . [A human strain of Schistosoma mansoni resistant to schistosomicides] . Rev. Saude Publica. , 12 ( 1 ) : 110
   Google Scholar
• Kusel , J. and Hagan , P. 1999 . Praziquantel-its use, cost and possible development of resistance . Parasitol Today , 15 ( 9 ) : 352-354
   Google Scholar
• Liang , Y. S. , Coles , G. C and Doenhoff , M. J. 2000 . Detection of praziquantel resistance in schistosomes . Trop. Med. Int. Health. , 5 ( 1 ) : 72
   Google Scholar
• Fallon , P. G. , Mubarak , J. S. , Fookes , R. E. , Niang , M. , Butterworth , A. E. , Sturrock , R. F. and Doenhoff , M. J. 1997 . Schistosoma mansoni: maturation rate and drug susceptibility of different geographic isolates . Exp. Parasitol. , 86 ( 1 ) : 29-36
   Google Scholar
• Pereira , C. , Fallon , P. G. , Cornette , J. , Capron , A. , Doenhoff , M. J. and Pierce , R. J. 1998 . Alterations in cytochrome-c oxidase expression between praziquantel-resistant and susceptible strains of Schistosoma mansoni . Parasitology. , 117 ( Pt 1 ) : 63-73
   Google Scholar
• Picquet , M. , Vercruysse , J. , Shaw , D. J. , Diop , M. and Ly , A. 1998 . Efficacy of praziquantel against Schistosoma mansoni in northern Senegal . Trans R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 92 ( 1 ) : 90-93
   Google Scholar
• Stelma , F. F. , Sall , S , Daff , B. , Sow , S. , Niang , M. and Gryseels , B. 1997 . Oxamniquine cures Schistosoma mansoni infection in a focus in which cure rates with praziquantel are unusually low . J. Infect. Dis. , 176 ( 1 ) : 304-307
   Google Scholar
• Stelma , F. F. , Talla , I. , Sow , S. , Kongs , A. , Niang , M. , Polman , K. , Deelder , A. M. and Gryseels , B. 1995 . Efficacy and side effects of praziquantel in an epidemic focus of Schistosoma mansoni . Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 53 ( 2 ) : 167-170
   Google Scholar
• Cioli , D. and Pica Mattoccia , L. 1984 . Genetic analysis of hycanthone resistance in Schisto- soma mansoni . Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 33 ( 1 ) : 80-88
   Google Scholar
• Anwar , W. A. , Au , W. W. , Ramanujam , V. M. and Legator , M. S. 1989 . Enhancement of benzene clastogenicity by praziquantel in mice . Mutat. Res. , 222 ( 3 ) : 283-289
   Google Scholar
• Ford , R. A. , Api , A. M. and Letizia , C. S. 1992 . Monographs on fragrance raw materials . Food Chem. Toxicol. , 30 ( Suppl 1S-138S )
   Google Scholar
• Al-Suwaidan , S. N. , Gad el Rab , M. O. , Al-Fakhiry , S. , Al Hoqail , I. A , Al-Maziad , A. and Sherif , A. B. 1998 . Allergic contact dermatitis from myrrh, a topical herbal medicine used to promote healing . Contact Dermatitis. , 39 ( 3 ) : 137
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , C. , Lis-Balchin , M. and Kirk-Smith , M. 2000 . Evaluation of massage with essential oils on childhood atopic eczema . Phytother Res. , 14 ( 6 ) : 452-456
   Google Scholar
• Massoud , A. M. and Labib , I. M. 2000 . Larvicidal activity of Commiphora molmol against Culex pipiens and Aedes caspius larvae . J, Egypt Soc, Parasitol. , 30 ( 1 ) : 101-115
   Google Scholar
• Claeson , P. , Andersson , R. and Samuelsson , G. 1991 . T-cadinol: a pharmacologically active constituent of scented myrrh: introductory pharmacological characterization and high field 1H- and 13C-NMR data . Planta Med. , 57 ( 4 ) : 352-356
   Google Scholar
• al-Harbi , M. M. , Qureshi , S. , Ahmed , M. M. , Rafatullah , S. and Shah , A. H. 1994 . Effect of Commiphora molmol (oleo-gum-resin) on the cytological and biochemical changes induced by cyclophosphamide in mice . Am. J. Chin. Med. , 22 ( 1 ) : 77-82
   Google Scholar
• Massoud , A. A. , Hussein , H. M. , Reda , M. A. , el-Wakil , H. S. , Maher , K. M. and Mahmoudm , F. S. 2000 . Schistosoma mansoni egg specific antibodies and circulating antigens: assessment of their validity in immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis . J. Egypt Soc. Parasitol. , 30 ( 3 ) : 903-916
   Google Scholar
• Frandsen , F. 1979 . Discussion of the relationships between Schistosoma and their intermediate hosts, assessment of the degree of host-parasite compatibility and evaluation of schistosome taxonomy . Z. Parasitenkd. , 58 ( 3 ) : 275-296
   Google Scholar
• EL Ashry , E. R.N and Salama , O. 2002 . Colorimetric determination of crude powdered myrrh, purified myrrh extract, oily fraction, and its pharmaceutical dosage forms Spectroscopy Letters . 35 : 183-197 (Need to mention Journal name).
   Google Scholar
• Michelson , M. K. , Azziz , F. A. , Gamil , F. M. , Wahid , A. A. , Richards , F. O. , Juranek , D. D. , Habib , M. A. and Spencer , H. C . 1993 . Recent trends in the prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in the Nile delta region . Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 49 ( 1 ) : 76-87
   Google Scholar
• Katz , N. , Chaves , A. and Pellegrino , J. 1972 . A simple device for quantitative stool thick- smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni . Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo. , 14 ( 6 ) : 397-400
   Google Scholar
• Abdel-Wahab , M. F. , Esmat , G. , Ramzy , I. , Narooz , S. , Medhat , E. , Ibrahim , M. , El-Boraey , Y. and Strickland , G. T . 2000 . The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Egypt: Fayoum Governo- rate . Am. J. Trop Med. Hyg. , 62 ( 2 Suppl ) : 55-64
   Google Scholar
• El-Khoby , T. , Galal , N. , Fenwick , A. , Barakat , R. , El-Hawey , A. , Nooman , Z. , Habib , M. , Abdel-Wahab , F. Gabr , N. S. 2000 . The epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Egypt: summary findings in nine governorates . Am. J. Trop Med. Hyg. , 62 ( 2 Suppl ) : 88-99
   Google Scholar
• van der Werf , M. J , de Vlas , S. J. , Brooker , S. , Looman , C. W. , Nagelkerke , N. J. , Habbema , J. D. and Engels , D. 2003 . Quantification of clinical morbidity associated with schistosome infection in sub-Saharan Africa . Acta Trop. , 86 ( 2-3 ) : 125-139
   Google Scholar
• Hanus , L. O. , Rezanka , T. , Dembitsky , M. V and Moussaieff , A. 2005 . Myrrh-Commiphora chemistry . Biomed Pap. Med. Fac. Univ. Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. , 149 ( 1 ) : 3-27
   Google Scholar
• Martin , L. K. and Beaver , P. C. 1968 . Evaluation of Kato thick-smear technique for quantitative diagnosis of helminth infections . Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , 17 ( 3 ) : 382-391
   Google Scholar