Attitudes and practices of farmers with regard to pesticide use in NorthWest Ethiopia

References

• Adesuyi, A. A., Njoku, K. L., Akinola, M. O., & Nnodu, V. C. (2018). Pesticides related knowledge, attitude and safety practices among small-scale vegetable farmers in lagoon wetlands, Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, 112(1), 81–16. https://doi.org/10.12895/jaeid.20181.697
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agrawal, A., Pandey, R. S., & Sharma, B. (2010). Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in India. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2(5), 432–448. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2010.25050
   Google Scholar
• Akoto, O., Azuure, A. A., & Adotey, K. D. (2016). Pesticide residues in water, sediment and fish from Tono Reservoir and their health risk implications. SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-3544-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Akueshi, E. U., Oriegie, E., Ocheakiti, N., & Okunsebor, S. (2003). Levels of some heavy metals in fish from mining lake on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria. African Journal of the National Science, 6(82), 86.
   Google Scholar
• Amera, T., & Abate, A., 2008. An assessment of the pesticide use, practice and hazards in the ethiopian rift valley. Africa stockpiles program [Unpublish document]. 1–61.
   Google Scholar
• Awad, O. M., Adam, A. M., Ahmed, M. A., Abd Elaziz, S. A., Ali, M. E., Elsadig, M. E., Asia, A. D., Ahmed, A. G., & Azhari, O. A. (2018). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of farmers towards pesticides use and handling in greenhouse farms, Sudan.”. International Journal of Research- Granthaalayah, 6(9), 520–534. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.146502
   Google Scholar
• Briz, V., Molina-Molina, J.-M., & Sánchez-Redondo, S. (2011). Differential estrogenic effects of the persistent organochlorine pesticides dieldrin, endosulfan, and lindane in primary neuronal cultures. Toxicological Sciences, 120(2), 413–427. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfr019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daneil, W. W. (2009). Biostatics a foundation for analysis in the health science (9th ed.). John Willey and Sons Inc., Georgia State University, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Deribe, E., Rosseland, B. O., Borgstrøm, R., Salbu, B., Gebremariam, Z., Dadebo, E., Norli, H. R., & Eklo, O. M. (2011). Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in fish species from Lake Koka, Ethiopia: The influence of lipid content and trophic position 2011. Science of the Total, Environment 410-411, 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson, S. G., Van Oostdam, J., Tikhonov, C., Feeley, M., Armstrong, B., Ayotte, P., & Boucher. (2010). Environmental contaminants and human health in the Canadian Arctic. Science of the Total Environment, 408(22), 5165–5234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eshete, D., Vijverberg, J., Nagekerke, L. A., & Sibbing, F. A. (2004). Temporal and spatial distribution of micro crustacean zooplankton in relation to turbidity and other environmental factors in large tropical lake (Lake Tana, Ethiopia). Hydrobiology, 513(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:hydr.0000018163.60503.b8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Essumang, D. K., Togoh, G. K., & Chokky, L. (2009). Pesticide residues in the water and fish (lagoon tilapia) samples from lagoons in Ghana. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 23(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v23i1.21294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fair, P. A., Natasha, D. W., Wolfa, B., Stephen, A. A., Kurunthachalam, K., Rajendiran, K., & John, E. V. (2018). Persistent organic pollutants in fish from charleston harbor and tributaries, South Carolina, United States: A risk assessment. Environmental Research, 167, 598–613. Retrieved December, 12, 2018, from. www.elsevier.com/locate/envres
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghasemi, S., & Karam, E. (2009). Attitudes and behaviors about pesticides use among green house workers in fars province. Journal Economics Agricultural Development, in Persian, 23(1), 28–40.
   Google Scholar
• Hiluf, K., & Ayalew, A. (2015). Assessment of pesticide use, practice and environmental effects on the small holder farmers in the North Shoa zone of Amhara national regional state of Ethiopia. Research. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 2(2), 16–24.
   Google Scholar
• Jallow, M., Awadh, D. G., Albaho, M. S., Devi, V. Y., & Ahmad, N. (2017). Monitoring of pesticide residues in commonly used fruits and vegetables in Kuwait. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(8), 833. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph14080833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khodadadi, M., Samadi, M. T., Rahmani, A. R., Maleki, R., Allahresan, A., & Shahidi, R. (2012). Determination of organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides residue in drinking water resources of hamadan. Iranian Journal of Health & Environmental, in Persian, 2(4), 250–257.
   Google Scholar
• Lamb, H. F., Bates, C. R., Coombes, P. V., Marschall, M. H., Umer, S. J., & Eshete, D. (2007). Late Pleistocene dessication of Lake Tana, source of the Blue Nile. Quaternary Research, 26, 287–299. Accessed 5/20/2018. https://nerc.ukri.org/planetearth/stories/70/
   Google Scholar
• Loha, K. M., Lamoree, M., Weiss, J. M., & de Boer, J. (2018). Import, disposal, and health impacts of pesticides in the East Africa Rift (EAR) zone: A review on management and policy analysis. Crop Protection, 112, 322–331. https://www.elsevier.com/locate/cropro
   Google Scholar
• Mengistie, B. T., Mol, A. P., & Oosterveer, P. (2016). Private environmental governance in the Ethiopian pesticide supply chain: Importation, distribution and use. NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 76, 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2015.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mengistie, B. T., Mol, P. J., & Peter, O. (2017). Pesticide use practices among smallholder vegetable farmers in Ethiopian Central Rift Valley. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 19(1), 301–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-015-9728-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, M. D., Bader, S. A., Sadek, R. R., & Mohammed, A. A. (2018). Knowledge, attitude and practice about the safe use of pesticides among farmers at a village in Minia City, Egypt. Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS), 7(3), 68–78. www.iosrjournals.org
   Google Scholar
• Mohanty, M. K., Manoj, K. M., Basanta, K. B., Saubhagya, K. J., Srikanth, S., & Soumya, S. (2013). Knowledge attitude and practice of pesticide use among agricultural workers in Puducherry. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20(8), 1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2013.09.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negatu, B., Kromhout, H., Mekonnen, Y., & Vermeulen, R. (2016). Use of chemical pesticides in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional comparative study on knowledge, attitude and practice of farmers and farm workers in three farming systems. Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 60(5), 551–566. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mew004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Okoffo, E. D., Fosu-Mensah, B. Y., & Gordon, C. (2016). Persistent organochlorine pesticide residues in cocoa beans from Ghana, a concern for public health. International Journal of Food Contamination, 3(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40550-016-0028-4
   Google Scholar
• Okoffo, E. D., Mensah, M., & Fosu-Mensah, B. Y. (2016). Pesticides exposure and the use of personal protective equipment by cocoa farmers in Ghana. Environmental Systems Research, 5(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-016-0068-z
   Google Scholar
• Oyekale, A. S., & Idjesa, E. (2009). Adoption of improved maize seed and production efficiency in River State, Nigeria. Academic Journal of Plant Sciences, 2, 44–50.
   Google Scholar
• Sadasivaiah, S., Tozan, Y., & Breman, J. G. (2007). Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) for indoor residual spraying in Africa: How can it be used for malaria control. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 77(6), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2007.77.249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sankhla, S. M., Sharma, K., Kumari, M., & Kushwah, S. R. (2018). Water contamination through pesticide and their toxic effect on Human Health. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) 2321-9653, 6(1), 967–970. Retrieved February 1, 2019, from. www.ijraset.com
   Google Scholar
• Srivastava, A., Mishra, K., Shrivastava, D. S., Sri-Vastav, S. K., & Srivastav, A. A. (2010). Acute toxicity and behavioral responses Hetropneustes fossils to an organophosphate insecticides dimethoate. International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 1(4), 359 363. http://www.ijpbs.net/issue-4/Bio-40.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Tebkew, D., & Getachew, T. (2015). Small-scale vegetable producers’ perception of pests and pesticide uses in East Shewa zone, Ethiopia. International Journal of Pest Management, 61(3), 212–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2015.1036822
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tegegne, G., Park, D. K., & Kim, Y. O. (2017). Comparison of hydrological models for the assessment of water resources in a data-scarce region, the Upper Blue Nile River Basin”. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 14, 49–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.10.002
   Google Scholar
• Teklu, B. M., Retta, N., & Van den Brink, P. J. (2016). Sensitivity analysis of Ethiopian aquatic macroinvertebrates to the pesticides endosulfan and diazinon, compared to literature data. Ecotoxicology, 25(6), 1226–1233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1676-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, L. A., Darwish, W. S., Ikenaka, Y., Nakayama, M. S., Mizukawa, H., & Mayumi, I. (2017). Organochlorine pesticide contamination of foods in Africa: Incidence and public health significance. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 79(4), 751–764. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. 2007. Implementation of indoor residual spraying of insecticides for malaria control in the WHO African region report. 20–22.
   Google Scholar
• WHO/FAO. (2009). Alimentarius commission, pesticide residues in food: Maximum residue limits, extraneous maximum residue limits. FAO and WHO.
   Google Scholar
• Yared, Y. B., Ikenaka, Y., Nakayama, S. M., & Ishizuka, M. (2016). Organochlorine pesticides in bird species and their prey (fish) from the Ethiopian rift valley region. Ethiopia: Environmental Pollution, 192, 121–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.05.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazgan, M. S., & Tanik, A. (2010). A new approach for calculating the relative risk level of pesticides. Environment International, 31(5), 687–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.12.002
   Google Scholar
• Yohannes, Y. B., Ikenaka, Y., Nakayama, S. M., Saengtienchai, A., Watanabe, K., & Ishizuka, M. (2013). Organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in fish from Lake Awassa; Ethiopia: Insights from stable isotope analysis. Chemosphere, 91(6), 857–863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar