7,249
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Sociocultural pressure as a mediator of eating disorder symptoms in a non-clinical Australian sample

, & | (Reviewing editor)
Article: 1523347 | Received 10 Dec 2017, Accepted 09 Sep 2018, Published online: 21 Sep 2018

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th. text rev) Washington, DC: Author.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Anschutz, D. J., Engels, R., & Van Strien, T. (2012). Increased body satisfaction after exposure to thin ideal children’s television in young girls showing thin ideal internalisation. Psychology & Health, 27, 603–617. doi:10.1080/08870446.2011.613470
  • Arcelus, J., Mitchell, A. J., Wales, J., & Nielsen, S. (2011). Mortality rates in patients with Anorexia Nervosa and other eating disorders: A meta-analysis of 36 studies. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68, 724–731. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74
  • Argyrides, M., Kkeli, N., & Kendeous, P. (2014). Validation of the factor structure of the Greek adaptation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ-3). Body Image, 3, 201–205. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.02.003
  • Bannatyne, A., & Stapleton, P. (2014). Educating medical students about Anorexia Nervosa: A potential method for reducing the volitional stigma associated with the disorder. The Journal of Treatment & Prevention, 23, 115–133.
  • Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–Mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  • Bell, H. S., Donovan, C. L., & Ramme, R. (2015). Is athletic really ideal? An examination of the mediating role of body dissatisfaction in predicting disordered eating and compulsive exercise. Eating Behaviors, 21, 24–29. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.12.012
  • Bhurtun, D. D., & Jeewon, R. (2013). Body weight perception and weight control practices among teenagers. ISRN Nutrition, (2013, 1–6. doi:10.5402/2013/395125
  • Bucchianeri, M. M., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2014). Body dissatisfaction: An overlooked public health concern. Journal of Public Mental Health, 13, 64–69. doi:10.1108/JPMH-11-2013-0071
  • Cafri, G., Thompson, J. K., Ricciardelli, L., McCabe, M., Smolak, L., & Yesalis, C. (2005). Pursuit of the muscular ideal: Physical and psychological consequences and putative risk factors. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 215–239. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.09.003
  • Calogero, R. M., Davis, W. N., & Thompson, J. K. (2005). The role of self-objectification in the experience of women with eating disorders. Sex Roles, 52, 43–50. doi:10.1007/s11199-005-1192-9
  • Cerniglia, L., Cimino, S., Erriu, M., Jezek, S., Almenara, C., & Tambelli, R. (2018). Trajectories of aggressive and depressive symptoms in male and female overweight children. Do they share a common path or do they follow different routes? Psychology PLoS One, 13(1), e0190731. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190731
  • Cerniglia, L., Cimino, S., Tafa, M., Marzilli, E., Ballarotto, G., & Bracaglia, F. (2017). Family profiles in eating disorders: Family functioning and psychopathology. Psychology Research and Behaviour Management, 10, 305–312. doi:10.2417/PRBM.S145463
  • Ciao, A. C., Loth, K., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2014). Preventing eating disorder pathology: Common and unique features of successful eating disorders prevention programs. Current Psychiatry Reports, 16, 453. doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0453-0
  • Cimino, S., Cerniglia, L., Paciello, M., & Sinesi, S. (2013). A six-year prospective study on children of mothers with eating disorders: The role of paternal psychological profiles. European Eating Disorders Review, 21(3), 238–246. doi:10.1002/erv.2218
  • Cooper, P. J., & Taylor, M. J. (1988). Body image disturbance in Bulimia Nervosa. British Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 32–36.
  • Cooper, P. J., Taylor, M. J., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (1987). The development and validation of the Body Shape Questionnaire. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 485–494. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(198707)6:4<485::AID-EAT2260060405>3.0.CO;2-O
  • Corning, A. F., Krumm, A. J., & Smitham, L. A. (2006). Differential social comparison processes in women with and without eating disorder symptoms. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 53, 338–349. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.3.338
  • Coughlin, J. W., Schreyer, C. C., Sarwer, D. B., Heinberg, L. J., Redgrave, G. W., & Guarda, A. S. (2012). Cosmetic surgery in inpatients with eating disorders: Attitudes and experience. Body Image, 9, 180–183. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.10.007
  • Culbert, K. M., Racine, S. E., & Klump, K. L. (2015). Research review: What we have learned about the causes of eating disorders – A synthesis of sociocultural, psychological and biological research. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 56, 1141–1164. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12441
  • da Silva, W. R., Dias, J. C. R., Maroco, J., & Campos, J. (2014). Confirmatory factor analysis of different versions of the Body Shape Questionnaire applied to Brazilian university students. Body Image, 4, 384–390. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.06.001
  • Dakanalis, A., Carra, G., Calogero, R., Fida, R., Clerici, M., Zanetti, M. A., & Riva, G. (2014). The developmental effects of media-ideal internalization and self-objectification processes on adolescents’ negative body-feelings, dietary restraint, and binge eating. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 24, 997–1010. doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0649-1
  • Dakanalis, A., Favagrossa, L., Clerici, M., Prunas, A., Colmegna, F., Zanetti, M. A., & Riva, G. (2015). Body dissatisfaction and eating disorder symptomatology: A latent structural equation modelling analysis of moderating variables in 18-to-28-year-old males. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 149, 85–112. doi:10.1080/00223980.2013.842141
  • Dryer, R., Farr, M., Hiramatsu, I., & Quinton, S. (2016). The role of sociocultural influences on symptoms of muscle dysmorphia and eating disorders in men, and the mediating effects of perfectionism. Journal of Behavioural Medicine, 42, 174–182. doi:10.1080/08964289.2015.1122570
  • Ebenreuter, J. L., & Hicks, R. E. (2012). Maladaptive eating practices as precursors to eating disorders: A method of assessment. In L. Ricciardelli & M. Caltabiono (Eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell handbook of applied topics in health psychology (pp. 278–287). West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Ebenreuter, J. L. (2015). Children at risk of an eating disorder: Early identification and assessment of children and intervention strategies for children and their carers. ( Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Bond University, Queensland.
  • Ferreira, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Duarte, C. (2013). Self-compassion in the face of shame and body image dissatisfaction: Implications for eating disorders. Eating Behaviours, 14, 207–210. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.01.005
  • Fiske, L., Fallon, E. A., Blissmer, B., & Redding, C. A. (2014). Prevalence of body dissatisfaction among United States adults: Review and recommendations for future research. Eating Behaviours, 15, 357–365. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.04.010
  • Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Bardone-Cone, A. M., Crosby, R. D., Engel, S. G., Wonderlich, S. A., & Bulik, C. M. (2016). Mediators of the relationship between thin-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction in the natural environment. Body Image, 18, 113–122. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.06.006
  • Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Harney, M. B., Koehler, L. G., Danzi, L. E., Riddell, M. K., & Bardone-Cone, A. M. (2012). Explaining the relation between thin ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction among college women: The roles of social comparison and body surveillance. Body Image, 9, 43–49. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.09.002
  • Goltz, F. R., Stenzel, L. M., & Schneider, C. D. (2013). Disordered eating behaviours and body image in male athletes. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 35, 237–242. doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2012-0840
  • Heinberg, L. J., Thompson, J. K., & Stormer, S. (1995). Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ). International Journal of Eating Disorders, 17, 81–89. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(199501)17:1<81::AID-EAT2260170111>3.0.CO;2-Y
  • Jones, B., & Kenward, M. G. (2003). Design and analysis of cross-over trials (2nd ed.). Chapman and Hall: London.
  • Karazsia, B. T., Murnen, S. K., & Tylka, T. L. (2017). Is body dissatisfaction changing across time? A cross-temporal meta-analysis. Psychology Bulletin, 143, 293–320. doi:10.1037/bul0000081
  • Kroon Van, D. A. M., & Perez, M. (2013). Exploring the integration of thin-ideal internalization and self-objectification in the prevention of eating disorders. Body Image, 10, 16–25. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.10.004
  • Langmesser, L., & Verscheure, S. (2009). Are eating disorder prevention programs effective. Journal of Athletic Training, 44, 304–305. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-44.3.304
  • Levine, M., & Smolak, L. (2013). Toward a model of the development psychopathology of eating disorders: The example of early adolescence. In J. H. Crowther, D. L. Tennenbaum, S. E. Hobfoll, & M. A. Parris-Stephens (Eds.), The etiology of Bulimia Nervosa: The individual and familial context (pp. 59–77). Washington: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
  • Levine, M. P., & Murnen, S. K. (2009). “Everybody knows that mass media are/are not [pick one] a cause of eating disorders”: A critical review of evidence for a causal link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28, 9–42. doi:10.1521/jscp.2009.28.1.9
  • Lindsay, A. R., Warren, C. S., Velasquez, S. C., & Lu, M. (2012). A gender-specific approach to improving substance abuse treatment for women: The healthy steps to freedom program. Journal of Substance Abuse and Treatment, 43, 61–69. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2011.10.027
  • Lindvall Dahlgren, C., & Wisting, L. (2016). Transitioning from DSM-IV to DSM-5: A systematic review of eating disorder prevalence assessment. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 49, 975–997. doi:10.1002/eat.v49.11
  • Lopez-Guimera, G., Levine, M., Sanchez-Carracedo, D., & Fauquet, J. (2010). Influence of mass media on body image and eating disordered attitudes and behaviours in females: A review of effects and processes. Media Psychology, 13, 387–416. doi:10.1080/15213269.2010.525737
  • Loughnan, S. A., Mulgrew, K. E., & Lane, B. R. (2015). Attention bias modification produces no changes to appearance-related bias, state or trait body dissatisfaction in nonclinical women. Health Psychology Open, 2, 1–8. doi:10.1177/2055102915614310
  • Lu, H., Tarasenko, Y., Asgari-Maid, F., Cottrell-Daniels, C., Yan, F., & Zhang, J. (2015). More overweight adolescents think they are just fine: Generational shift in body weight perceptions among adolescents in the U.S. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 49, 5. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.03.024
  • Mancilla-Diaz, J. M., Lopez-Aguilar, X., Franco-Paredes, K., Alvarez-Rayon, G., Vazquez-Arevalo, R., Tellez-Giron, M. T. O., & Amaya-Hernandez, A. (2012). Role of peer influence and thin-ideal internalization on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in Mexican girls. Revista Colombiana De Psicologia, 21, 343–353.
  • Marcos, Y. Q., Sabstian, M. J. Q., Aubalata, L. P., Ausina, J. B., & Treasure, J. (2013). Peer and family influence in eating disorders: A meta-analysis. European Psychiatry, 28, 199–206. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.03.005
  • Marino-Carper, T. L., Negy, C., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (2010). Relations among media influence, body image, eating concerns, and sexual orientation in men: A preliminary investigation. Body Image, 7, 301–309. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.07.002
  • Marzilli, E, Cerniglia, L, & Cimino, S. (2018). A narrative review of binge eating disorder in adolescence: prevalence, impact, and psychological treatment strategies. Adolescent Health, Medicine, and Therapeutics, 9, 17–30. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S148050
  • Menzel, J. E., Schaefer, L. M., Burke, N. L., Mayhew, L. L., Brannick, M. T., & Thompson, J. K. (2010). Appearance-related teasing, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating: A meta-analysis. Body Image, 7, 261–270. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.05.004
  • Myers, T. A., & Crowther, J. H. (2009). Social comparison as a predictor of body dissatisfaction: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118, 683–698. doi:10.1037/a0016763
  • Nergiz-Unal, R., Bilgic, P., & Yabanci, N. (2014). High tendency to the substantial concern on body shape and eating disorders risk of the students majoring nutrition or sport sciences. Nutrition Research and Practice, 8, 713–718. doi:10.4162/nrp.2014.8.6.713
  • Park, E. (2011). Overestimation and underestimation: Adolescents’ weight perception in comparison to BMI-based weight status and how it varies across socio-demographic factors. Journal of School Health, 81, 57–64. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00561.x
  • Peck, L. D., & Lightsey, O. R. (2008). COPYRIGHT 2008 American counseling association. This material is published under license from the publisher through the Gale Group, Farmington Hills, Michigan. All inquiries regarding rights should be directed to the Gale Group. (Hide copyright information) The eating disorders continuum, self-esteem, and perfectionism. Journal of Counselling and Development, 86, 184–193.
  • Perosa, L. M., & Perosa, S. L. (2004). The continuum versus categorical debate on eating disorders: Implications for counsellors. Journal of Counselling & Development, 82, 203–206. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2004.tb00303.x
  • Pidgeon, A., & Harker, R. (2013). Body-focused anxiety in women: Associations with internalization of the thin-ideal, dieting frequency, body mass index and media effects. Open Journal of Medical Psychology, 2, 17–24. doi:10.4236/ojmp.2013.24B004
  • Pokrajac-Bulian, A., Ambrosi-Randic, N., & Kukic, M. (2008). Thin-ideal internalization and comparison process as mediators of social influence and psychological functioning in the development of disturbed eating habits in Croatian college females. Psychological Topics, 17, 221–245.
  • Presnell, K., Bearman, S. K., & Stice, E. (2004). Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls: A prospective study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 36, 389–401. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1098-108X
  • Probst, M., Pieters, G., & Vanderlinden, J. (2008). Evaluation of body experience questionnaires in eating disorders in female patients (AN/BN) and nonclinical participants. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41, 657–665. doi:10.1002/eat.20531
  • Ramme, R. A., Donovan, C. L., & Bell, H. S. (2016). A test of athletic internalisation as a mediator in the relationship between sociocultural influences and body dissatisfaction in women. Body Image, 16, 126–132. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.01.002
  • Riebl, S. K., Subudhi, A. W., Broker, J. P., Schenck, K., & Berning, J. R. (2007). The prevalence of subclinical eating disorders among male cyclists. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107, 1214–1217. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2007.04.017
  • Rodgers, R. F., Paxton, S. J., & McLean, S. A. (2014). A biopsychosocial model of body image concerns and disordered eating in early adolescent girls. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43, 814–823. doi:10.1007/s10964-013-0013-7
  • Rodin, J., Silberstein, L. R., & Striegel-Moore, R. H. (1985). Women and weight: A normative discontent. In T. B. Sonderegger (Ed.), Psychology and gender (pp. 267–307). Lincoln: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: University of Nebraska.
  • Rohde, P., Stice, E., & Gau, J. M. (2016). Predicting persistence of eating disorder compensatory weight control behaviors. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 50, 561–568. doi:10.1002/eat.22639
  • Schaefer, L. M., Harriger, J. A., Heinberg, L. J., Soderberg, T., & Thompson, J. K. (2016). Development and validation of the sociocultural attitudes towards appearance questionnaire-4-revised (SATAQ-4R). International Journal of Eating Disorders, 50, 104–117. doi:10.1002/eat.22590
  • Sepulveda, A. R., & Calado, M. (2012). Westernization: The role of mass media on body image and eating disorders. Vigo, Spain: INTECH Open Access Publisher.
  • Shaw, H., & Stice, E. (2016). The implementation of evidence-based eating disorder prevention programs. Eating Disorders, 24, 71–78. doi:10.1080/10640266.2015.1113832
  • Shisslak, C. M., Crago, M., & Estes, L. S. (1995). The spectrum of eating disturbances. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 18, 209–219.
  • Smink, F. R., van Hoeken, D., & Hoek, H. W. (2012). Epidemiology of eating disorders: Incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Current Psychiatry Reports, 14(4), 406–414. doi:10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y
  • Smolak, L., Levine, M. P., & Striegel-Moore, R. (2013). The developmental psychopathology of eating disorders. Implications for research, prevention and treatment. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge Publishing.
  • Sobel, E. (1982). Sociological methodology. In S. S. Leinhardt (Ed.), Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models (pp. 290–312). Washington, DC: American Sociological Association.
  • Stice, E. (1998). Modeling of eating pathology and social reinforcement of the thin ideal predict onset of Bulimic symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 96, 931–944. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00074-6
  • Stice, E., Gau, J. M., Rohde, P., & Shadw, H. (2017). Risk factors that predict future onset of each DSM-5 eating disorder: Predictive specificity in high-risk adolescent females. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126, 38–51. doi:10.1037/abn0000219
  • Stice, E., Marti, N., & Durant, S. (2011). Risk factors for onset of eating disorders: Evidence of multiple risk pathways from an 8-year prospective study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 622–627. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.06.009
  • Stice, E., Ng, J., & Shaw, H. (2010). Risk factors and prodromal eating pathology. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 518–525. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02212.x
  • Stice, E., Schupak-Neuberg, E., Shaw, H. E., & Stein, R. I. (1994). Relation of media exposure to eating disorder symptomatology: An examination of mediating mechanisms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 836–840.
  • Stice, E., & Shaw, H. E. (2002). Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology: A synthesis of research findings. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53, 985–993.
  • Suisman, J. L., O’Connor, S. M., Sperry, S., Thompson, J. K., Keel, P. K., Burt, S. A. (2012). Genetic and environmental influences on thin-ideal internalization. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45, 1–7. doi:10.1002/eat.20900
  • Sundgot-Borgen, J., & Torstveit, M. K. (2010). Aspects of disordered eating continuum in elite high-intensity sports. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20, 112–121. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01190.x
  • Sweeting, H., Walker, L., MacLean, A., Patterson, C., Raisanen, U., & Hunt, K. (2015). Prevalence of eating disorders in males: A review of rates reported in academic research and UK mass media. International Journal of Menas Health, 14, 86–112.
  • Syed-Abdul, S., Fernandez-Luque, L., Jian, W. S., Li, Y. C., Crain, S., Hsu, M. H.…, Liou DM (2013). Misleading health-related information promoted through video-based social media: Anorexia on YouTube. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15, 30. doi:10.2196/jmir.2237
  • Tambelli, R., Cimino, S., Cerniglia, L., & Ballarotto, G. (2015). Early maternal relational traumatic experiences and psychopathological symptoms: A longitudinal study on mother-infant and father-infant interactions. Scientific Reports, 5, 13984. doi:10.1038/srep13984
  • Thomas, J. K., Vartanian, L. R., & Brownell, K. D. (2009). The relationship between eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and officially recognized eating disorders: Meta-analysis and implications for DSM. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 135, 407–433.
  • Thompson, J., & Stice, E. (2001). Thin-ideal internalization: Mounting evidence for a new risk factor for body-image disturbance and eating pathology. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10, 181–184. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00144
  • Thompson, J. K., & Heinberg, L. J. (1999). The media’s influence on body image disturbance and eating disorders: We’ve reviled them, now can we rehabilitate them? Journal of Social Issues, 55, 339–353. doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00119
  • Thompson, J. K., Van den Berg, P., Roehrig, M., Guarda, A. S., & Heinberg, L. J. (2004). The Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale-3 (SATAQ-3): Development and validation. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35, 293–304. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1098-108X
  • Tiggeman, M. (2013). Objectification theory: Of relevance for eating disorder researchers and clinicians? Clinical Psychologist, 17, 35–45. doi:10.1111/cp.2013.17.issue-2
  • Tiggemann, M., Polivy, J., & Hargreaves, D. (2009). The processing of thin ideals in fashion magazines: A source of social comparison or fantasy? Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28, 73–93. doi:10.1521/jscp.2009.28.1.73
  • Touchette, E., Henegar, A., Godart, N. T., Pryor, L., Falissard, B., Tremblay, R. E.…, Côté SM (2011). Subclinical eating disorders and their comorbidity with mood and anxiety disorders in adolescent girls. Psychiatry Research, 185, 185–192. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.005
  • Treasure, J., Stein, D., & Maguire, S. (2015). Has the time come for a staging model to map the course of eating disorders from high risk to severe enduring illness? An examination of the evidence. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 9(3), 173–184. doi:10.1111/eip.12170
  • Tylka, T. L., & Hill, M. (2004). Objectification theory as it relates to disordered eating among college women. Sex Roles, 51, 719–730. doi:10.1007/s11199-004-0721-2
  • van den Berg, P. A., Mond, J., Eisenberg, M., Ackard, D., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2010). The link between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem in adolescents: Similarities across gender, age, weight status, race/ ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Journal of Adolescent Health, 47, 290–296. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.02.004
  • Warren, C. S., Gleaves, D. H., & Rakhkovskaya, L. M. (2013). Score reliability and factor similarity of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) among four ethnic groups. Journal of Eating Disorders, 1, 1–8. doi:10.1186/2050-2974-1-1
  • Whisenhunt, B. L., Williamson, D. A., Netemeyer, R. G., & Andrews, C. (2003). Health risks, past usage, and intention to use weight loss products in normal weight women with high and low body dysphoria. Eating and Weight Disorders, 8, 114–123.
  • Zucker, N., Moskovich, A., Vinson, M., & Watson, K. (2013). Emotions and empathic understanding: Capitalizing on relationships in those with eating disorders. In J. Alexander & J. Treasure (Eds.), A collaborative approach to eating disorders (pp. 52–61). New York, NY: Routledge.