Motivation to participate in physical activity and sports: Age transition and gender differences among India’s adolescents

References

• Aaron, D. J., Jekal, Y., & LaPorte, R. E. (2005). Epidemiology of physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood. In A. P. Simopoulos (Ed.), Nutrition and fitness: Obesity, the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and cancer (pp. 36–17). World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics.
   Google Scholar
• Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E., & Teasdale, J. D. (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal Pf Abnormal Psychology, 87(1), 49–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.87.1.49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed, D., Ho, W. K. Y., & Lee, J.-Y. (2016). The adolescent age transition and the impact of physical activity on the perception of success, self-esteem and well-being. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16(124), 776–784. DOI: 10.7752/jpes.2016.03124
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, D. M., Ho, W. Y. K., Niekerk, V. L. R., Morris, T., Elayaraja, M., Lee, K., & Randles, E. (2017). The self-esteem goal orientation and health related physical fitness of active and inactive adolescent students. Cogent Psychology, 4, 1331602. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2017.1331602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allender, S., Gill, C., & Charlie, F. (2006). Understanding participation in sport and physical activity among children and adults: A review of qualitative studies. Health Education Research, 6(1), 826–883. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyl063
   Google Scholar
• Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Sciences, 16(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
   Google Scholar
• Balistreri, E., Busch-Rossnagel, N. A., & Geisinger, K. F. (1995). Development and preliminary validation of the ego identity process questionnaire. Journal of Adolescence, 18(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.1995.1012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauman, A., Bull, F., Chey, T., Craig, C. L., Ainsworth, B. E., Sallis, F. J., Bowles, H. R., Hagstromer, M., Sjostrom, M., Pratt, M., & Group, I. P. S. (2009). The international prevalence study on physical activity: Results from 20 countries. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 6(21), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-6-21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beni, S., Fletcher, T., & Ní Chróinín, D. (2017). Meaningful experiences in physical education and youth sport. A review of the literature. Quest, 69(3), 291–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2016.1224192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS structural equations program manual. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. NY: Wiley. doi:10.1002/9781118619179
   Google Scholar
• Bosnar, K., & Balent, B. (2009). Uvod u psihologiju sporta: Priručnik za sportske trenere. In Introduction to psychology of sports: Manual for sports coaches. Zagreb: Odjel za izobrazbu trenera Društvenog veleučilišta u Zagrebu i Kineziološki fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. In Croatian.
   Google Scholar
• Bowden, V. R., & Greenberg, C. S. (2009). Children and their families: The continuum of care (2nd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Butt, J., Weinberg, R. S., Jeff, D. B., & Randal, P. C. (2011). Adolescent physical activity participation and motivational determinants across gender, age, and race. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 8, 1074–1083. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.8.8.1074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne, B. M., & Watkins, D. (2003). The issue of measurement invariance revisited. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 34, 155–175. 2 doi:10.1177/0022022102250225
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chitra, S. (2016). Indian athletes will get Olympic medals when bureaucrats and politicians get the boot. The News Minute. http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/indian-athletes-will-get-olympic-medals-when-bureaucrats-and-politicians-get-boot-47897
   Google Scholar
• Claire, C. M., & Cunningham, A. S. (2013). Influence of friends on children’s physical activity: A review. American Journal of Public Health, 103(7), e23 e38. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L. (1975). Intrinsic motivation. New York: Plenum. doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-4446-9
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• EduSports. (2014). The 5th edition of EduSports’ annual school health and fitness survey. Sportz Village Schools. http://www.edusports.in/images/5th_Annual_Health_Fitness_Survey.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Egli, T., Bland, W. H., Melton, B., & Czech, D. R. (2011). influence of age, sex, and race on college students’ exercise motivation of physical activity. Journal of American College Health, 59(5), 399–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.513074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Field, A. (2000). Discovering statistics using SPSS for windows. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Fornell, C. D., & Lacker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser-Thomas, J., Cote, J., & Deakin, J. (2008). Examining adolescent sport drop-out and prolonged engagement from a developmental perspective. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20(3), 318–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200802163549
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill, D. L., Gross, J. B., & Huddleston, S. (1983). Participation motivation in youth sports. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 14(1), 1–14. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1984-09240-001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groesz, L. M., Levine, M. P., & Murnen, S. K. (2002). The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction. a meta-analytic review. International Journal of Eating Disorder, 31(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.10005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J., Hult, T., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Helfert, S., & Warschburger, P. A. (2011). Prospective study on the impact of peer and parental pressure on body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls and boys. Body Image., 8(2), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.01.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henseler, J., Ringle, C., & Sinkovics, R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. Advance in International Marketing, 20, 277–319. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, W. K. Y., Ahmed, D. M., Niekerk, V. L. R., Huang, F., Tian, H., Liu, M., Wong, W., Ho, F., & Patrick, I. P. (2017). Body Mass Index (BMI) assessment among Macau students: Age group differences and weight management strategies. Anthropological Review, 80(4), 349–367. https://doi.org/10.1515/anre-2017-0025
   Google Scholar
• Iso-Ahola, S. E., & St. Clair, B. (2000). Toward a theory of exercise, motivation. Quest, 52, 131–147.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janz, K. F., Gilmore, J. M., Burns, T. L., Levy, S. M., Torner, J. C., Willing, M. C., & Marshall, T. A. (2006). Physical activity augments bone mineral accrual in young children: The Iowa Bone Development study. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 148(24), 793–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.01.045
   Google Scholar
• Kim, B. J., Williams, L., & Gill, D. (2003). A cross-cultural study of achievement orientation and intrinsic motivation in young USA and Korean athletes. International Journal of Sports Psychology, 34(1), 169–184. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-07365-005
   Google Scholar
• Kingston, K., Horrocks, C., & Hanton, S. (2006). Do multidimensional intrinsic and extrinsic motivation profiles discriminate between athlete scholarship status and gender? European Journal of Sports Science, 6(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390500440889
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kondrič, M., Sindik, J., Furjan-Mandić, G., & Schiefler, B. (2013). Participation motivation and student’s physical activity among sport students in three countries. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 12, 10–18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3761756/pdf/jssm-12-10.pdf
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonsdale, C., Hodge, K., & Rose, E. A. (2008). The Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ): Instrument Development and Initial Validity Evidence. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30, 323-355. 3 doi:10.1123/jsep.30.3.323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallett, C., Kawabata, M., Newcombe, P., Otero-Forero, A., & Jackson, S. (2007). Sport motivation scale-6 (SMS-6): A revised sixfactor sport motivation scale. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8(5), 600–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallett, C. J. (2005). Self-Determination Theory: A Case Study of Evidence-Based Coaching. The Sport Psychologist, 19, 417–429. 4 doi:10.1123/tsp.19.4.417
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), 551–558. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1966-07584-001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Hau, K-T.., & Wen, Z. (2004). In Search of Golden Rules: Comment on Hypothesis-Testing Approaches to Setting Cutoff Values for Fit Indexes and Dangers in Overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) Findings. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 11, 320–341. 3 doi:10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto, H., & Takenaka, K. (2004). Motivational profiles and stages of exercise behavior change. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2, 89–96. https://doi.org/10.5432/ijshs.2.89
   Google Scholar
• Maturo, C. C., & Cunningham, A. S. (2013). Influence of friends on children’s physical activity: A review. American Journal of Public Health, 103(7), e23–e38. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonough, M. H., & Crocker, P. R. E. (2005). Sport participation motivation in young adolescent girls. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(4), 456–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2005.10599319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monacis, L., De Palo, V., & Sinatra, M. (2014). Sportspersonship behaviours: An exploratory investigation of antecedents. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 45(3), 231–245. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-42952-004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monazami, M., Hedayatikatooli, A., Neshati, A., & Beiki, Y. (2012). A comparison of the motivation of male and female competitive athletes in Golestan, Iran. Ann Biol Res, 3(1), 31–35. https://www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com/abstract/a-comparison-of-the-motivation-of-male-and-female-competitive-athletes-in-golestan-iran-8823.html
   Google Scholar
• Morgantown, W. V. (2001). A further exploration of the involvement profiles in selected recreational sport activities: Results from a study in Korea. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 10(2), 77–82.
   Google Scholar
• Murcia, J. A. M., Coll, D. G.-C., Martin-Albo, J., & Gimeno, E. C. (2010). Motivation and performance in physical education: An experimental test. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(1), 79–85. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24149389/
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholls, J. G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Paxton, S. J., Norris, M., Wertheim, E. H., Durkin, S. J., & Anderson, J. (2005). Body dissatisfaction, dating, and importance of thinness to attractiveness in adolescent girls. Sex Roles., 53(9–10), 663–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-7732-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedro, J., Carraça, E. V., Markland, D., Silva, M. N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: A systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9(78). http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/9/1/78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier, L. G., Rocchi, M. A., Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2013). Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II). Psychology of Sports and Exercise, 14, 329–341. http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2013PelletierRocchiJSE.pdf
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perloff, R. M. (2014). Social media effects on young women’s body image concerns: Theoretical perspectives and an agenda for research. Sex Roles., 71(11–12), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0384-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petz, B. (2005). Psihologijskirječnik [Psychological dictionary]. Naklada Slap. (In Croatian).
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., Connell, J. P., & Grolnick, W. S. (1992). When achievement is not intrinsically motivated: A theory and assessment of self-regulation in school. In A. K. Boggiano & T. S. Pittman (Eds.), Achievement and motivation: A social developmental perspective (pp. 167–188). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sánchez, G. F. L., Ahmed, D. M., & Suárez, A. (2017). Level of habitual physical activity among 13-year-old adolescents from Spain and India. A cross-cultural study. SPORTS TK- Euro American Journal of SPORTS Science, 6(1), 54. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Level-of-habitual-physical-activity-among-from-and-S%C3%A1nchez-Ahmed/80dd810abac6de601a8bfc3867b0f5d49c680a74
   Google Scholar
• Sarrazin, P., Vallerand, R., Guillet, E., Pelletier, L., & Cury, F. (2002). Motivation and dropout in female handballers: A 21month prospective study. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32(3), 395–418. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.98
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarrazin, P. G., Boiché, J. C. S., & Pelletier, L. G. (2007). A self-determination approach to sport dropout. In M. Hagger & N. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 229e–241e). Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Stalmatakis, E., & Weiler, R. (2010). Prevention of cardiovascular disease: Why do we neglect the most potent intervention? Heart (British Cardiac Society), 96(4), 261–262. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2009.186593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberg, L. D. (1993). Adolescence (3rd edn). New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Tiggemann, M., & Netgirls, S. A. (2013). The internet, facebook, and body image concern in adolescent girls. International Journal Eating Disorder, 46(6), 630–633. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Population 2030 demographic challenges and opportunities for sustainable development planning United Nations. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/trends/Population2030.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 271–360). Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Voelker, D. K., Reel, J. J., & Greenleaf, C. (2015). Weight status and body image perceptions in adolescents: Current perspectives. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 20156(6), 149–158. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S68344
   Google Scholar
• Wang, C. K. J., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2001). Young people’s motivational profiles in physical activity: A cluster analysis. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 23(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.23.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wängqvist, M., & Frisén, A. (2013). Swedish 18-year-olds’ identity formation: Associations with feelings about appearance and internalization of body ideals. Journal of Adolescence, 36(3), 485–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zahariadis, P. N., & Biddle S. J. H. (2000). Goal orientations and participation motives in physical education and sport: their relationships in English school children. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sport Psychology, 21. http://www.athleticinsight.com/Vol2Iss1/English_Children.htm
   Google Scholar
• Zaharidis, P., Tsorbatzoudis, H., & Alexandris, K. (2006). Self-determination in sport commitment. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 102(2), 405–420. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.102.2.405-420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar