Impact of axle overload, asphalt pavement thickness and subgrade modulus on load equivalency factor using modified ESALs equation

References

• Albayati, A. K. , & Saadi, A. (2017, May). Influence of axle overload on the performance of local flexible pavement. 7th Scientific Engineering and 1st International Conference “Recent Trends in Engineering Sciences and Sustainability (pp. 17–18). Baghdad.
   Google Scholar
• American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials . (1993). AASHTO guide for design of pavement structures . Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Amorim, S. I. R. , Pais, J. C. , Vale, A. C. , & Minhoto, M. J. C. (2014). A model for equivalent axle load factors. International Journal of Pavement Engineering , 16(10), 881–893. doi:10.1080/10298436.2014.968570
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archilla, R. , & Madanat, S. (2000). Development of a pavement rutting model from experimental data. ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering , 126(4), 291–299. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2000)126:4(291)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behiry, A. E. , & Ebrahim, A. (2012). Fatigue and rutting lives in flexible pavement. Ain Shams Engineering Journal , 3(4), 367–374. doi:10.1016/j.asej.2012.04.008
   Google Scholar
• Gulyas, A. (2012). Axle load trends in hungary and their effects on pavement structural design. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences , 48, 888–896. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1066
   Google Scholar
• Hadiwardoyo, S. P. , Sumabrata, R. J. , & Berawi, M. A. (2012). Tolerance limit for trucks with excess load in transport regulation in Indonesia. MAKARA of Technology Series , 16(1). doi:10.7454/mst.v16i1.1336
   Google Scholar
• Kubo, P. , Paiva, C. , Ferreira, A. , & Larocca, A. (2015). Influence of shock absorber condition on pavement fatigue using relative damage concept. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition) , 2(6), 406–413. doi:10.1016/j.jtte.2015.10.001
   Google Scholar
• Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC) . (1994). French design method for flexible pavements . Paris: Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées.
   Google Scholar
• Legal axle loads, national highways authority, Pakistan. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.nha.gov.pk
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira, L. P. , Paiva, C. L. , & Ferreira, A. (2016, May). Impact assessment in the pavement life cycle due to the overweight in the axle load of commercial vehicles. 4th international conference on road and rail infrastructure (pp. 23–25). Sibenik.
   Google Scholar
• Pais, J. , Amorim, S. , & Minhoto, M. (2013). Impact of traffic overload on road pavement performance. Journal of Transportation Engineering , 139(9), 873–879. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prozzi, J. , & Madanat, S. (2003). Incremental nonlinear model for predicting pavement serviceability. Journal of Transportation Engineering , 129(6), 635–641. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:6(635)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timm, D. , Tisdale, S. , & Turochy, R. (2005). Axle load spectra characterization by mixed distribution modeling. Journal Transportation Engineering , 131(2), 83–88. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2005)131:2(83)
   Google Scholar
• Zaghloul, S. , & White, T. D. (1994). Guidelines for permitting overloads. I: Effect of overloaded vehicles on the Indiana highway network. Journal of Transportation Engineering , 2013(139), 873–879. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette.
   Google Scholar