Examining the viability and benefits of cement-stabilized rammed earth as an affordable and durable walling material in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

References

• ASTM C150/C150M-17. (2017). Standard Specification for Portland Cement. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM D423/424. (2017). Suggested Method of Test for Cohesiveness of Nonplastic Granular Soils. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM D698-12. (2012). Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction of Soil Standard Effort. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM D7928-16e1. (2016). Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• ASTM Standard D6913/D6913M-17. (2017). Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution of Soils Using Sieve Analysis. ASTM International.
   Google Scholar
• Ávila, F., Puertas, E., & Gallego, R. (2022). Characterization of stabilized rammed earth’s mechanical and physical properties: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 325, 126693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126693
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckett, C., & Ciancio, D. (2015). Durability of cement-stabilized rammed earth: a case study in Western Australia. Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, 14(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2015.1092671
   Google Scholar
• Bruno, A., et al. (2015 Mechanical properties of unstabilized earth compressed at high pressures. [Paper presentation]. First International Conference on Bio-based Building Materials.
   Google Scholar
• Bui, Q.-B., Morel, J.-C., Hans, S., & Meunier, N. (2009). Compression behavior of nonindustrial materials in civil engineering by three scale experiments: The case of rammed earth. Materials and Structures, 42(8), 1101–1116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Google Earth. (2023). Google Earth. [Online] https://earth.google.com/web/@9.41183589,34.92763227,-11127.4050352a,3972742.00439036d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=OgMKATA
   Google Scholar
• Gupta, R. (2014). Characterizing material properties of cement-stabilized rammed earth to construct sustainable insulated walls. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 1, 60–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2014.04.002
   Google Scholar
• Houben, H., & Guillaud, H. (1994). Earth construction: A comprehensive guide. Intermediate Technology Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Jayasinghe, C., & Kamaladasa, N. (2007). Compressive strength characteristics of cement stabilized rammed earth walls. Construction and Building Materials, 21(11), 1971–1976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.049
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandamby, G. K, University of Moratuwa. (2017). Developments of rammed earth walling technology. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 50(4), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V50P240
   Google Scholar
• Kerali, A. G. (2001). Durability of compressed and cement-stabilised building blocks, s.l. University of Warwick.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Q., & Tong, L. (2017). Engineering properties of unstabilized rammed earth with different clay contents. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed, 32(4), 914–920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11595-017-1690-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maniatidis, V., & Walker, P. (2003). A review of rammed earth construction. University of Bath.
   Google Scholar
• Matsumoto, T., & Crook, J. (2021). Sustainable and inclusive: A policy assessment. London and Washington, DC. https://urbantransitions.global/publications: Coalition for Urban Transitions
   Google Scholar
• Medvey, B., & Dobszay, G. (2020). Durability of Stabilized Earthen Constructions: A Review. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 38(3), 2403–2425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-020-01208-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed, R. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2018 Stabilization of rammed earth: A review [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Civil, Biological and Environmental Engineering (CBEE 2018) (pp. 40–48).
   Google Scholar
• No author(s). (2012). GABRIELA-TEODORA CIURILEANU (CIOCA)* and ILDIKO BUCUR HORVATH. The use of cement stabilized rammed earth for building a vernacular modern house Buletinul Institutului Politehnic Din Iaşi Publicat de Universitatea Tehnic “Gheorghe Asachi” din Iaşi Tomul LVIII (LXII), Fasc. Secia CONSTRUC II. ARHITECTUR, 1.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, A. (2014). Stabilization of rammed earth lime mortar and ceramic slurry waste. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 3(4), 298–303.
   Google Scholar
• Patowar, B. N., Nath, N., Hussain, I., & Kakoti, H. (2015). Study of Compressed Stabilized Earth Block. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(6), 2250–3153.
   Google Scholar
• Perić, A., Kraus, I., Kaluđer, J., & Kraus, L. (2021). Experimental campaigns on mechanical properties and seismic performance of unstabilized rammed earth. Buildings, 11(8), 367. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preciado, C. E., & Santos, S. D. (2020). Rammed Earth Construction in Latin America: current Panorama and Perspectives: materials Research, 23, e20200381.
   Google Scholar
• Raval, K. (2019). Different stabilizers on rammed earth construction [Paper presentation]. Recent Trends and Development in Civil Engineering.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, V., & Jagadish, K. (1989). Properties of soil cement blocks masonry. Masonry Int, 3(2), 80–84.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, V. (1991). Studies on static soil compaction and compacted soil cement blocks for walls [Ph.D. thesis]. Department of Civil Engineering, IISc.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, V., & Kumar, P. (2011). Cement stabilized rammed earth. Part A: Compaction characteristics and physical properties of compacted cement stabilized soils. Materials and Structures. 44(3), 681–694.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, V., & Latha, M. (2014). Influence of soil grading on the characteristics of cement stabilised soil compacts. Materials and Structures, 47(10), 1633–1645. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0142-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rewatkar, P. S., & Rajurkar, V. J. (2018). Experimental study of effect of industrial waste for rammed earth construction. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 9(2), 428–435.
   Google Scholar
• Sachin, B., Hiral, B. J. P. S. P., & Ankit, P. (2014). Impact of Marble powder on engineering properties of Black Cotton Soil. IJSRD – International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, 2(2), ISSN (online): 2321-0613.
   Google Scholar
• Silva, R. A., Oliveira, D. V., Miranda, T., Cristelo, N., Escobar, M. C., & Soares, E. (2013). Rammed earth construction with granitic residual soils: The case study of northern Portugal. Construction and Building Materials. 47, 181–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence, R. J. S. (1975). Predicting the performance of soil–cement as a building material in tropical countries. Building Science. 10(2), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-3628(75)90031-6
   Google Scholar
• Suresh, A., & Anand, K. B. (2017). Strength and durability of rammed earth for walling. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 23(4), 06017004. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000281
   Google Scholar
• Tejus, M. (2019). Assessment of rammed earth with construction & demolition waste as partial replacement for soil [Paper presentation]. New Generation Concrete.
   Google Scholar
• UNEP. (2021). Planetary action.
   Google Scholar
• USDA. (2021). Field Book for Describing and Sampling Soils [Paper presentation]. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, P., & Stace, T. (1997). Properties of some cement stabilised compressed earth blocks and mortars. Materials and Structures, 30(9), 545–551. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02486398
   Google Scholar
• Wu, M., Liu, Y., Pan, Y., & Wu, Y. (2016). Review of the development of rammed earth structures. Construction and Building Materials, 123, 95–103.
   Google Scholar
• Zami, M. S., & Lee, A. (2009). Use of stabilized earth in the construction of low-cost sustainable housing in Africa–an energy solution in the era of climate change—International. Journal of Architectural Research, 3(2), 51–65.
   Google Scholar