Post-harvest quality assessment of freshly harvested and processed kola nuts [Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.] from selected growing regions in Ghana

References

• Adebajo, L. O., & Popoola, O. J. (2003). Mycoflora and mycotoxins in kola nuts during storage. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2(10), 365–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/AJB2003.000-1075
   Google Scholar
• Adedayo, L. D., Ojo, A. O., Awobajo, F. O., Adeboye, B. A., Adebisi, J. A., Bankole, T. J., Ayilara, G. O., Bamidele, O., Aitokhuehi, N. G., & Onasanwo, S. A. (2019). Methanol extract of cola nitida ameliorates infiammation and nociception in experimental animals. Neurobiology of Pain, 5, 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100027
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Agbeniyi, S. O., & Ayodele, M. S. (2010). Effect of storage moulds on nutritional quality of kolanuts in Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9(6), 512–515. https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2010.512.515
   Google Scholar
• Akpakpan, A. E., Uwanta, E. J., Akpan, P. E., & Owen, A. E. (2020). Phytochemical screening and analytical assessment of acid-base indicator properties of red and white kola nuts extracts. Asian Journal of Advances in Research, 3(1), 1–7. http://mbimph.com/index.php/AJOAIR/article/view/1487
   Google Scholar
• Amon-Armah, F., Oduro, S. S. A., Asani, M, E. K., & Asani, M. (2022). Kola nut value and supply chains in Ghana, a qualitative study. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728028.2022.2039884
   Google Scholar
• Amon-Armah, F., Oduro, S. S., Doe, E. K., Asani, M., Nyadanu, D., & Konlan, S. (2021). Supply-side practices and constraints of the kola nut (Cola nitida (Vent) Schott. and Endl.) value chain in Ghana: A descriptive evidence. Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy, 1–16. Article ID 9942699. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9942699
   Google Scholar
• Anon. (2022). FOOD SCIENCE: Ash content in food (food science-avenue.com) available on line. accessed 3/11/2022. https://www.foodscience-avenue.com/2012/11/ash-content-in-food.html
   Google Scholar
• AOAC. (2005). Determination of pH, moisture, ash, protein and fat. In Official methods of analysis of the association of analytical chemists (AOAC). 18th Edition. AOAC. Gaithersburg, Md.
   Google Scholar
• Atanda, O., Makun, H. A. O., M, I., Edema, M., Idahor, K. O., Eshiett, M. E., & Oluwabamiwo, B. F. (2013). Fungal and mycotoxin contamination of Nigerian foods and feeds. In Hussaini Makun (Eds.), Chapter from the book mycotoxin and food safety in developing countries (pp. 282). World’s largest Science, Technology & Medicine. https://doi.org/10.5772/55664
   Google Scholar
• Atanda, O. O., Olutayo, A., Mokwunye, F. C., Oyebanji, A. O., & Adegunwa, M. O. (2011). The quality of Nigerian kola nuts. African Journal of Food Science, 5(17), 904–909. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJFS11.183
   Google Scholar
• Ayebe, E. K., Yapi, H. F., Ahua, K. M., Yapo, A. F., N’guessan, M. F., Nguessan, J. D., & Djaman, A. J. (2014). Phytochemical study of crude, aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of Cola nitida of Cote d’Ivoire. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 3(1), 81–88. http://www.wjpr.net/admin/article
   Google Scholar
• Badyal, S., Singh, H., Yadav, A. K., Sharma, S., & Bhushan, I. (2020). Plant secondary metabolites and their uses. Plant Archives, 20(2), 3336–3340. http://www.plantarchives.org/SPL%20ISSUE%2020-2/549__3336-3340_.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Barnett, H. L., & Hunter, B. B. (1972). Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi (3rd ed.). Pg 421. Burgens Publishing Company, United States of America.
   Google Scholar
• Bele, A. A., Jadhav, V. M., & Kadam, V. J. (2010). Potential of Tannins: A Review. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(4), 209–214. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2010.209.214
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, M. P., & Ensley, S. M. (2003). Understanding fungal (molds) toxins (Mycotoxins). Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. University of Nebraska – Lincoln Extension. NebGuide
   Google Scholar
• Chen, L., Clément Vigneault, C., Vijaya Raghavan, V. G. S., & Kubow, S. (2007). Importance of the phytochemical content of fruits and vegetables to human health. Stewart Postharvest Review, 3(2), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2212/spr.2007.3.2
   Google Scholar
• Cherono, K. (2016). Development and optimization of an integrated postharvest management system for storage and handling of fresh market tomatoes in South African supply chains. Ph.D thesis. School of Engineering University of KwaZulu-Natal. pp. 10–11.
   Google Scholar
• Dadzie, M. A., Opoku, S. Y., Akpertey, A., Akrofi, A., Lowor, S., Assuah, M. K., & Amoah, F. M. 2013. Kola cultivation in Ghana. Technical bulletin no (Vol. 26 1,4).Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana.
   Google Scholar
• Dah-Nouvlessounon, D., Adjanohoun, A., Sina, H., Noumavo, P. A., Diarrasouba, N., Parkouda, C., Madodé, Y. E., Dicko, M. H., & Baba-Moussa, L. (2015). Nutritional and anti-nutrient composition of three kola nuts (cola nitida colaacuminata and garcinia kola) produced in Benin. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 6(15), 1395–1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2015.615145
   Google Scholar
• Daouda, N., Halbin, K. J., Charlemagne, N., Achille, T. F., & Georges, A. (2013). Moulds and Ochratoxin A occurrence in Cola nitida fresh nuts after treatment by fungicide epoxiconazole and stored for several months in various containers. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 2(6), 327–331. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20130206.20
   Google Scholar
• Dewole, E. A., Dewumi, D. F. A., Alabi, J. Y. T., & Adegoke, A. (2013). Proximate and phytochemical of cola nitida and cola acuminata. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(22), 1593–1596. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2013.1593.1596
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dhingra, D., Michael, M., Rajput, H., & Patil, R. T. (2012). Dietary fibre in foods: A review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49(3), 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0365-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dongo, L. N., Manjula, K., & Orisajo, S. B. (2007). Occurrence of ochratoxin A in Nigerian kola nuts. African crop science conference proceedings. 8. El Minia, Egypt: African Crop Science Society. 2133–2135.
   Google Scholar
• Dorathy, I. U., Okere, S. O., Daniel, E. E., & Mubarak, L. L. (2014). Phytochemical Constituents and antidiabetic property of cola nitida seeds on alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 4(23), 2631–2641. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2014/13071
   Google Scholar
• FAOSTAT. (2021). (https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL). 01/December/2021
   Google Scholar
• Güçlü-Üstündağ, Ö., & Mazza, G. (2007). Saponins: Properties, applications and processing. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 47(3), 231–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390600698197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harborne, J. B. (1973). Phytochemical methods. Chapman and Hall Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Harborne, J. B. 1998. Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis, A.J. Harborne (Eds.). Edition (Vol. 3 302).Chapman & Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Idris, M. A., Sadiq, S. B., Abubakar, A. W., Kutama, A. S., Sufi, D. A., & Shuaibu, T. (2017). Isolation and identification of phytopathogenic fungi responsible for kolanuts (Kola acuminate) rot in jimeta modern market, yola adamawa state Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Research, 3(3), 272–274. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316790165_Isolation_and_identificationof_Phytopathogenic_fungi_responsible_for_Kolanuts_Kola_acuminate_rot_in_Jimeta_modern_market_Yola_Adamawa_state_Nigeria
   Google Scholar
• Indumathi, C., Durgadevi, G., Nithyavani, S., & Gayathri, P. K. (2014). Estimation of terpenoid content and its antimicrobial property in Enicostemma litorrale. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 6(9), 4264–4267. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277566964_Estimation_of_terpenoid_content_and_its_antimicrobial_property_in_Enicostemma_litorrale
   Google Scholar
• Katoch, R. (2011). Analytical techniques in biochemistry and molecular biology. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9785-2
   Google Scholar
• Klich, M. A. (2002). Identification of common aspergillus species. Centraalbureau Voorschimmelculturs. Utrecht, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Kurek, J. (2019). Introductory chapter: alkaloids – Their importance in nature and for human life. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85400
   Google Scholar
• Lowor, S. T. (2008). Studies on the chemical composition and storage parameters of sun-dried kola nuts. African Journal of Agriculture Research, 3(2), 130–133. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.899.3392&rep=rep1&type=pdf
   Google Scholar
• Lowor, S. T., Aculey, P. C., & Assuah, M. K. (2010). Analysis of some quality indicators in cured cola nitida (vent). Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1(6), 1206–1214. https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2010.1.6.1206.1214
   Google Scholar
• Mathur, S. B., & Kongsdal, O. (2003). Common laboratory seed health testing methods for detecting fungi: Danish government institute of seed pathology for developing countries. CTA Publ., Copenhagan.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, P. E. T., A, T., & Marasas, W. F. O. (1983). Fusarium species: An illustrated manual for identification. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park.
   Google Scholar
• Ngoupayo, J., DaleuTcheuffa, M., NtsamaEssomba, C., Kasali, F. M., & Ndelo, J. (2016). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from cloves of cola nitida schott & endl. International Journal of Advances in Pharmacy, Biology and Chemistry, 5(3), 314–321. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307590032_Phytochemical_screening_and_antibacterial_activity_of_hydroalcoholic_extracts_from_cloves_of_Cola_nitida_Schott_Endl
   Google Scholar
• Nwonuma, C. O., Adelani-Akande, T. A., Osemwegie, O. O. O., F, A., & Adeyemo, T. A. (2019). Comparative study of in vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemicals of some medical plants. version 2; peer review: 1 approved with reservations, 3 not approved]. F1000Research, 8(81), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17094.2
   Google Scholar
• Nyadanu, D., Lowor, S. T., Akpertey, A., Tchokponhoué, D. A., Pobee, P., Dogbatse, J. A., Okyere, D., Amon-Armah, F., Brako-Marfo, M., & Nath, A. J. (2020). Genetic variability of bioactive compounds and selection for nutraceutical quality in kola [cola nitida (vent) schott. and endl.]. PLoS ONE, 15(12), e0242972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242972
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obadoni, B. O., & Ochuko, P. O. (2002). Phytochemical studies and comparative efficacy of the crude extracts of some haemostatic plants in edo and delta states of Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure Applied Science, 8(3), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v8i2.16033
   Google Scholar
• Olaniyan, A. B., Kolapo, K. A., & Hammed, L. A. (2018). Physico-chemical characterisation of kola nuts [cola nitida, vent. (schott & endl.) as influenced by curing period. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad), 95(2), 125–131. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325553812_Physico-chemical_characteristics_of_Kola_nuts_Cola_nitida_Vent_Schott_Endl_as_influenced_by_curing_period
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osalusi, C. S. (2019). Price determinant of kolanut in selected markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agricultural Research, Sustainability, and Food Sufficiency, 6(2), 344–347. https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijfaf.3.3.5
   Google Scholar
• Pagare, S., Bhatia, M., Tripathi, N., Pagare, S., & Bansal, Y. K. (2015). Secondary metabolites of plants and their role: Overview. Current Trends in Biotechnology and Pharmacy, 9(3), 293–304. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283132113_Secondary_metabolites_of_plants_and_their_role_Overview/link/57ac57ba08ae3765c3ba98bf/download
   Google Scholar
• Panche, A. N., Diwan, A. D., & Chandra, S. R. (2016). Flavonoids: An overview. Journal of Nutritional Science, 5(47), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2016.4
   Google Scholar
• Park, Y. W. (1996). Determination of moisture and ash contents of foods. In L. M. L. Nollet (Ed.), Handbook of food analysis (pp. 79–80). Marcel Dekker, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Pérez-Martíneza, M., Caemmererb, B. P. D. P., Cida, M., C, Krohb, L. W., & Cid, C. (2010). Influence of the brewing method and acidity regulators on the antioxidant capacity of coffee brews. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(5), 2958–2965. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9037375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasouli, H., Farzaei, M. H., & Khodarahmi, R. (2017). Polyphenols and their benefits: A review. International Journal of Food Properties, 20(2), 1700–1741. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2017.1354017
   Google Scholar
• Salman, S. M., Ali, S., Ahmed, A., Afridi, M. S., & Rehman, A. U. (2015). Preliminary phytochemical, essential element analysis and antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of Lotus corniculatus. International Journal of Biosciences, 7(2), 106–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/7.2.106-5
   Google Scholar
• Samson, R. A., Hoekstra, E. S., Frisvad, J. C., & Filtenborg, O. (1995). Introduction to food-borne fungi (4th ed., Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, The Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Sasidharan, S., Chen, Y., Saravanan, D., Sundram, K. M., & Yoga, L. L. (2011). Extraction, isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from plants’ extracts. African Journal of Traditional Complementary Alternative Medicine, 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i1.60483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takrama, J. F., Sarfo, J. E., Aculey, P. C., Osei-Bonsu, K., Montford, K., & Nketsia-Tabiri, J. (2000). The use of gamma radiation for the preservation of kola nuts. Journal of the Ghana Science Association, 2(3), 184–192. https://doi.org/10.4314/jgsa.v2i3.17894
   Google Scholar
• Terna, T. P., Okogbaa, J. I., & Iloechuba, N. P. (2017). Mycobiota of post-harvest samples of kolanuts (cola acuminate) and tiger nuts (cyperusesculentus) in Nigeria. FULafia Journal of Science and Technology, 3(1), 48–53. http://fulafiajst.com.ng/uploads/11392mF1Jo4LRymD5x5_MYCOBIOTA%20OF%20POST-HARVEST%20SAMPLES%20OF%20KOLANUTS.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Wijaya, C. H., Wijaya, W., & Mehta, B. M. (2015). General properties of major food components. In Peter Chi Keung Cheung and Bhavbhuti M. Mehta (Eds.), Handbook of food chemistry (pp. 1–32). Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41609-5_35-1
   Google Scholar
• Yahaya, A. T., Oluyole, K. A., Williams, A. O., Abudul-Karim, I. F., Okunade, A., F, & Olalekan- Adeniran, A. M. (2019). Kola nut grading in Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Business and Economic Management, 7(11), 39–392. https://doi.org/10.15413/jbem.2019.0128
   Google Scholar