Value chain analysis of Garlic in LiboKemkem District: In the era of COVID-19, South Gondar Zone Amhara Region, Ethiopia

References

• Abay, A. (2010). Market chain analysis of red pepper: The case of Bure Woreda, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. Haramaya University. October 2010.
   Google Scholar
• AGPF, (Agri Profocus). (2014). The onion and Garlic value chains: A quick assessment of the Arusha and Manyara production zones. Tanzania Horticultural Association. Agro Profocus.
   Google Scholar
• Ambec, S., Cohen, M. A., Elgie, S., & Lanoie, P. (2013). The porter hypothesis at 20: Can environmental regulation enhance innovation and competitiveness ? Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 7(1), 2–39. https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/res016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayalew, A. W. (2018). Vegetable market chain analysis in Mecha District, West Gojjam Zone, Amhara National Regional State. Archives of Current Research International, 15(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/ACRI/2018/45840
   Google Scholar
• Backer, K. D., & Miroudot, S. (2014). Global value chains reshaping our policy thinking May 2014: Compnet policy brief. No. 6. European Central Bank Euro system.
   Google Scholar
• Bammann, H. (2007). Participatory value chain analysis for improved farmer incomes, employment opportunities and food security. Pacific Economic Bulletin, Asia Pacific Press, 22(3), 113–125.
   Google Scholar
• Barron, C., & Stein, J. (2017). Mapping actors along value chains: Integrating visual network research and participatory statistics into value chain analysis. International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). https://doi.org/10.5337/2017.216
   Google Scholar
• Bekele, S. (2017). Potato value chain analysis: The case of Chencha Woreda,Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Development Studies, 7(4), 38–50.
   Google Scholar
• Bekele Wegi, J. H., & L, B. (2017). Econometric analysis of the determinants of quantity of potato supplied to the market: The case of Jeldu District of Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 8(13), 49–57.
   Google Scholar
• Belete, W., & Haji, J. (2018). Market chain analysis of coffee in Sidama Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia : The case of Dale District. Journal of Science & Development, 6(1), 7–15.
   Google Scholar
• Bellù, L. G. (2012). FAO VCA-tool: A software for value chain analysis manual for version 3.1: Analytical tools. In Easy pol resources for policy making. Easypol series. Vol. 074, pp. 1–70. FAO.
   Google Scholar
• Brennan, L., & Rakhmatullin, R. (2015). Global value chains and smart specialization strategy. Thematic Work on the Understanding of Global Value Chains and their Analysis within the Context of Smart Specialization; EUR 27649 EN. Joint Research center, European Commission. https://doi.org/10.2791/44840
   Google Scholar
• Chakraborty, D., & Majumder, A. (2020). Garlic (Lahsun) -An immunity booster against SARS-CoV-2. Botanica Research Today, 2(8), 755–757.
   Google Scholar
• Chauhan, S., Banerjee, R., & Dagar, V. (2021). Analysis of impulse buying behavior of consumer during COVID-19: An empirical study. Association of Asia Scholars, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/09763996211041215
   Google Scholar
• Dagar, V., Kamran, M., Rafael, K., Abdul, A., Muhammad, R., Adekoya, O. B., & Fahad, S. (2021). Impact of renewable energy consumption, financial development and natural resources on environmental degradation in OECD countries with dynamic panel data. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(27), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16861-4
   Google Scholar
• Dagar, V., Kamran, M., Alvarado, R., Usman, M., Zakari, A., Rehman, A., Tillaguango, B., & Tillaguango, B. (2021). Variations in technical efficiency of farmers with distinct land size across agro-climatic zones : Evidence from India. Journal of Cleaner Production, 315(June), 128109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128109
   Google Scholar
• Diriba-Shiferaw, G. (2016). Review of management strategies of constraints in Garlic (Allium sativum L.) production. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11(3), 186. https://doi.org/10.4038/jas.v11i3.8172
   Google Scholar
• Dunn, E. (2014). Smallholders and inclusive growth in agricultural value chains. FIELD Report No. 18. Produced in collaboration with the FIELD-Support LWA. USAID. Elizabeth Dunn of Impact LLC.
   Google Scholar
• FAO. (2019). The state of food security and nutrition in the world, safeguarding against economic slowdowns and downturns. FAO.
   Google Scholar
• FAOSTAT, (Food and Agriculture. Organization. Stastistical database). (2013). Garlic, production quantity (tons) for Ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• FAOSTAT, (Food and Agriculture. Organization. Stastistical database). (2017). Crops and livestock products. Garlic yield.
   Google Scholar
• Faße, A., Grote, U., & Winter, E. W. (2009). Value chain analysis methodologies in the context of environment and trade research, Diskussionsbeitrag, No. 429, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Hannover (Vol. 429). Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez-stark, K., Psilos, P., & Fernandez-stark, K. (2011). Workforce development and global value chains in developing countries November 2011. Skills For Upgrading: Duke, Center on Globalization, Governance and competitiveness. (November).
   Google Scholar
• Fritsch, V. N., Adrian, L., Clemens, M., Gruhlke, H., Slusarenko, A. J., Niemeyer, D., … Antelmann, H. (2021). Allicin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and abrogates the antiviral host response in the Calu-3 proteome.
   Google Scholar
• Gereffi, G., Humphrey, J., & Sturgeon, T. (2005). The governance of global value chains. Review of International Political Economy, 12(February), 78–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290500049805.
   Google Scholar
• Gessesse, A. (2009). Analysis of Fruit and Vegetable Market Chains in Alamata, Southern Zone of Tigray: The Case of Onion, Tomato and Papaya. Haramaya University. October, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Giziew, A., Dr Workneh Negatu, D. E. W., & A, D. G. (2014). Constraints of vegetables value chain in Ethiopia: A gender perspective. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 3(12), 44–71.
   Google Scholar
• Guo, G., Wen, Q., & Zhu, J. (2015). The impact of aging agricultural labor population on farmland output : From the perspective of farmer preferences. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, (7), 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/730618.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hailu, A. (2016). Value chain analysis of vegetables: The case of Ejere District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia National Regional State of Ethiopia.
   Google Scholar
• Hasan, M. K., & Khalequzzaman, K. M. (2017). Marketing efficiency and value chain analysis: The case of Garlic crop in Bangladesh. American Journal of Trade and Policy, 4(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v4i1.411
   Google Scholar
• Hawkes, C., & Ruel, M. T. (2020). Value chains for nutrition: Leveraging agriculture for improving nutrition and health, 2020 Conference brief 4., 4(February 2011), 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Humphrey, J., & Schmitz, H. (2008). Inter-firm relationships in global value chains : Trends in chain governance and their policy implications. International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development, 1(3), 258–282. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTLID.2008.019974
   Google Scholar
• ITC, (International TradeCenter). (2017). A profile of the South African Garlic market value chain. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
   Google Scholar
• Kadigi, M. L. (2013). Factors influencing choice of milk outlets among smallholder dairy farmers in Iringa municipality and Tanga city.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplinsky, R., & Morris, M. (2000). A handbook for value chain research: An important health warning or a guide for using this handbook. IDRC-International Development Research Center.
   Google Scholar
• Kelemework, G. (2016). Factors determining the yield of white pea bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L .) and identifying the corresponding roles of the value chain actors in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Ethiopia. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 7(9), 29–37.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, M. K., Babar, S. F., Oryani, B., Dagar, V., & Rehman, A. (2021). Role of financial development, environmental-related technologies, research and development, energy intensity, natural resource depletion, and temperature in sustainable environment in Canada. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(27), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15421-0
   Google Scholar
• Khan, I., Zakari, A., Dagar, V., & Singh, S. (2022). World energy trilemma and transformative energy developments as determinants of economic growth amid environmental sustainability. Energy Economics, 108(January), 105884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2022.105884
   Google Scholar
• Khubber, S., Hashemifesharaki, R., Mohammadi, M., Mohammad, S., & Gharibzahedi, T. (2020). Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A potential unique therapeutic food rich in organosulfur and flavonoid compounds to fight with COVID- 19. Nutrition Journal, 19(124), 20–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00643-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuroiwa, I. (2021). Method of value chain mapping with international input – Output data : Application to the agricultural value chain in three greater Mekong Subregion countries. Journal of Economic Structures, 10(6), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40008-021-00235-7
   Google Scholar
• LDARO. (2020). LiboKemKem district agriculture and rural development office: Area coverage, production, productivities, and marketing anual report. Addis Zemen.
   Google Scholar
• LKAACO. (2020). Libokemkem agricultural and communication office. District General Description and boundaries Basic Report. Addis Zemen.
   Google Scholar
• Mccormick, D., & Schmitz, H. (2001). Manual for Value Chain Research on Homeworkers in the Garment Industry; November 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Md. Monirul, I., Kamran Khan, M., Tareque, M., Jehan, N., & D, V. (2021). Impact of globalization, foreign direct investment, and energy consumption on CO 2 emissions in Bangladesh : Does institutional quality matter ? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(27), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13441-4
   Google Scholar
• Melese, T., Dessie, A. B., & Abate, T. M. (2018). Determinants of commercialization by smallholder onion farmers in Fogera district, South Gondar Zone, Amhara national regional State, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 10(10), 339–351. https://doi.org/10.5897/JDAE2018.0964
   Google Scholar
• Melesse, K. A. (2016). Commercial behavior of smallholder potato producers: The case of Kombolcha woreda, Eastern Part of Ethiopia. Economics of Agriculture, 13(95), 159–173. UDC 633.49:631.1.017.3:330.13(63)
   Google Scholar
• Mina, C. S., Catelo, S. P., & Jimenez, C. D. (2021). Productivity and competitiveness of Garlic production in Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development (AJAD), 18(1), 49–64. https://doi.org/10.37801/ajad2021.18.1.4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muhammad, B., & Khan, M. K. (2021). Foreign direct investment inflow, economic growth, energy consumption, globalization, and carbon dioxide emission around the world. Environmental Science and Poluution, 2017(2015), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14857-8
   Google Scholar
• Murshed, M., Md. Aminur, R., Md Shabbir, A., Paiman, A., & Dagar, V. (2021). The nexus between environmental regulations, economic growth, and environmental sustainability: Linking environmental patents to ecological footprint reduction in South Asia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(36), 49967–49988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13381-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murshed, M., Ahmed, Z., Shabbir Alam, M., Mahmood, H., Rehman, A., & D, V. (2021). Reinvigorating the role of clean energy transition for achieving a low-carbon economy : Evidence from Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(47), 67689–67710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15352-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Negasi, M. Y. (2016). Marketing system analysis of vegetables and fruits in Amhara regional state : Survey evidence from Raya Kobo and Harbu Woredas, (April 2016), 1–42.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2013). Interconnected economies: Benefiting from global value chains, OECD publishing. Better policies for better lives. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264189560-en
   Google Scholar
• Porter, M. E. (1985). COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: Creating and sustaining superior peifonnance. The free Press, A division of Macmillan, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, P. C., & Kanna, N. V. (2016). Value chain and market analysis of vegetables in Ethiopia – A Review. International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 2 (1) (2455–4464), 90–99.
   Google Scholar
• Rehman, A., Ma, H., Ozturk, I., Murshed, M., & Dagar, V. (2021). The dynamic impacts of CO2 emissions from different sources on Pakistan’s economic progress : A roadmap to sustainable development. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 24(6), 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01418-9
   Google Scholar
• Rehman, A., Radulescu, M., Ma, H., Dagar, V., Hussain, I., & Khan, M. K. (2021). The impact of globalization, energy use, and trade on ecological footprint in Pakistan : Does environmental sustainability exist ? Energies, 14(5234), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175234
   Google Scholar
• Reid, A., Griniece, E., & Cvijanović, V. (2020). High level value chain mapping in the Baltic Sea region: Guidance manual. Study funded by the INTERREG Baltic Sea region programme (2014-20) project BSR S3 ecosystem. EFIS Centre., (July). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3981218
   Google Scholar
• Schmit, H. (2004). The global economy issues of governance and upgrading. (H. Schmitz, Ed.). Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Shojai, T. M., Langeroudi, A. G., & Karimi, V. (2016). The effect of Allium sativum (Garlic) extract on infectious bronchitis virus in specific pathogen free embryonic egg. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine (AIP), 6(4), 458–467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadesse, A. (2011). Market chain analysis of fruits for Gomma Woreda, Jimma Zone, Oromia National Regional State; August 2011. Haramaya University Haramaya. Haramaya.
   Google Scholar
• Tadesse, B., & Bakala, F. (2018). Value chain analysis of potato: The case of Sheka Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Horticulture and Agriculture, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15226/2572-3154/3/1/00117
   Google Scholar
• Tadesse, B., Tilahun, Y., Bekele, T., & Mekonen, G. (2021). Heliyon Assessment of challenges of crop production and marketing in Bench-Sheko, Kaffa, Sheka, and West-Omo zones of southwest Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(June), e07319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07319
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tegegne, A. (2013, May) Value chain analysis of vegetables: The case of Habro and Kombolcha Woredas in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Haramaya University.
   Google Scholar
• Tekeste, M., & N, T. (2020). Growth and yield response of Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) to intra-row spacing and variety at Selekeleka, Northern Ethiopia. The Open Biotechnology Journal, 15(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010001
   Google Scholar
• Thi, H., Ly, N., Khuong, N. V., & Son, T. H. (2022). Determinants affect mobile wallet continuous usage in covid 19 pandemic : evidence from Vietnam determinants affect mobile wallet continuous usage in covid 19 pandemic . Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2041792
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornto, G. (2016). Value chain analysis of Garlic; Rajasthan agricultural competitiveness project. Grant Thornton an instinct for growth. Agribusiness Promotion Facility.
   Google Scholar
• Tillaguango, B., Alvarado, R., Dagar, V., Murshed, M., Pinzón, Y., & Méndez, P. (2021). Convergence of the ecological footprint in Latin America: The role of the productive structure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(42), 59771–59783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14745-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tolera, A. (2008). Feed resources and feeding management: A manual for feedlot operators and development workers. Ethiopia SPS-LMM - Texas agricultural experiment station (TAES)/TAMU, Addis Ababa. Addis Abeba.
   Google Scholar
• UNIDO. (2009). Agro-value chain analysis and development the UNIDO approach a staff working paper; Vienna, 2009. Vienna. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315746388-12
   Google Scholar
• Westlake, M. J. (2014). Opportunities for Sustainable, Green and Inclusive Agricultural Value Chains in; ACP Countries; Value chains and Trades; the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• Wondim, D. (2021). Value chain analysis of vegetables (onion, tomato, potato) in Ethiopia: A review. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology, 7(1), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.17352/ijasft
   Google Scholar
• Worku, C. (2019). Review on value chain analysis potato in Ethiopia. Developing Country Studies, 9(5), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.7176/iel/10-2-02
   Google Scholar
• Yamane, T. (1965). Statistics: An introductory analysis. The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 31, 579. https://doi.org/10.2307/139661
   Google Scholar
• Yebirzaf, Y., Belete, N., Tegibew, W., Yohaness, G., Abayneh, M., & Kassahun, Y. (2018). Collection and characterization of Garlic (Allium sativm L.) germplasm for growth and bulb yield at Debre Markos, Ethiopia. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 10(3), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.5897/JHF2017.0500
   Google Scholar
• Zakari, A., Toplak, J., Ibtissem, M., Dagar, V., & Khan, M. K. (2021). Impact of Nigeria’s industrial sector on level of inef ficiency for energy consumption: Fisher Ideal index decomposition analysis. Heliyon, 7(October 2020), e06952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06952
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zakari, A., Khan, I., Tan, D., Alvarado, R., & Dagar, V. (2022, January). Energy efficiency and sustainable development goals (SDGs). Energy, 239(January), 122365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122365
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamora, E. A. (2016). Value chain analysis : A brief review. Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy, 5(2), 116–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.7545/ajip.2016.5.2.116
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, C., Khan, I., Dagar, V., Saeed, A., & Zafar, M. W. (2022). Environmental impact of information and communication technology: Unveiling the role of education in developing countries. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 178(February), 121570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121570
   Google Scholar