69
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Cultural Heritage

Empowering public participation in assessing the indicators of aesthetic value for historical landscape: a case study on Melaka, Malaysia

, , &
Article: 2380114 | Received 05 Sep 2023, Accepted 10 Jul 2024, Published online: 21 Jul 2024

References

  • Acar, C., & Sakıcı, Ç. (2008). Assessing landscape perception of urban rocky habitats. Building and Environment, 43(6), 1153–1170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.02.026
  • Ahmad Nia, H., & Atun, R. A. (2016). Aesthetic design thinking model for urban environments: A survey based on a review of the literature. Urban Design International, 21(3), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.1057/udi.2015.25
  • Akpınar, A. (2021). How perceived sensory dimensions of urban green spaces are associated with teenagers’ perceived restoration, stress, and mental health? Landscape and Urban Planning, 214(July), 104185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104185
  • Alberts, D. J. (2007). Stakeholders or subject matter experts, who should be consulted? Energy Policy, 35(4), 2336–2346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.08.006
  • Arriaza, M., Cañas-Ortega, J. F., Cañas-Madueño, J. A., & Ruiz-Aviles, P. (2004). Assessing the visual quality of rural landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 69(1), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.10.029
  • Asim, F., Chani, P. S., Shree, V., & Rai, S. (2023). Restoring the mind: A neuropsychological investigation of university campus built environment aspects for student well-being. Building and Environment, 244(September), 110810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110810
  • Bauer, N., Wallner, A., & Hunziker, M. (2009). The change of European landscapes: Human-nature relationships, public attitudes towards rewilding, and the implications for landscape management in Switzerland. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(9), 2910–2920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.01.021
  • Bennett, N. J., Whitty, T. S., Finkbeiner, E., Pittman, J., Bassett, H., Gelcich, S., & Allison, E. H. (2018). Environmental stewardship: A conceptual review and analytical framework. Environmental Management, 61(4), 597–614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0993-2
  • Bjerke, T., Østdahl, T., Thrane, C., & Strumse, E. (2006). Vegetation density of urban parks and perceived appropriateness for recreation. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 5(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2006.01.006
  • Bockstaller, C., & Girardin, P. (2003). How to validate environmental indicators. Agricultural Systems, 76(2), 639–653. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-521X(02)00053-7
  • Brown, T., Keane, T., & Kaplan, S. (1986). Aesthetics and management: Bridging the gap. Landscape and Urban Planning, 13, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(86)90002-2
  • Brush, R., Chenoweth, R. E., & Barman, T. (2000). Group differences in the enjoyability of driving through rural landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 47(1–2), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(99)00073-0
  • Carlson, A. (2002). Allen Carlson’s Aesthetics and the Environment (Routledge, 2000). Philosophy & Geography, 5(2), 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1080/10903770220152425
  • Cerasi, M. (2005). The urban and architectural evolution of the Istanbul Divanyolu: Urban aesthetics and ideology in ottoman town building. Muqarnas Online, 22(1), 189–232. https://doi.org/10.1163/22118993-90000089
  • Chen, B., Adimo, O. A., & Bao, Z. (2009). Assessment of aesthetic quality and multiple functions of urban green space from the users’ perspective: The case of Hangzhou Flower Garden, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 93(1), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.06.001
  • Chen, W. (2009). Decode the city: A methodological study responding to the new trend of city “re-image” Montreal as a case. School of Urban Planning McGill University Montreal.
  • Chen, Y., Gu, W., Liu, T., Yuan, L., & Zeng, M. (2017). Increasing the use of urban greenways in developing countries: A case study on Wutong greenway in Shenzhen, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(6), 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14060554
  • Clayton, S. (2003). Environmental Identity: A Conceptual and an Operational Definition. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/3644.003.0005
  • Coughlin, R. E., Dunlap, R. E., Kaplan, R., Sims, W. R., Steinitz, C., & Vaux, H. (1982). Assessing aesthetic attributes in planning water resource projects. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 3(4), 406–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0195-9255(82)80048-6
  • Davies, C., & Santo-Tomás Muro, R. (2023). Stewardship and green infrastructure in England. Planning perspectives informed through an investigation of urban green infrastructure. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2023.2197557
  • Donnelly, A., Jones, M., O’Mahony, T., & Byrne, G. (2007). Selecting environmental indicator for use in strategic environmental assessment. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 27(2), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2006.10.006
  • Dramstad, W., Fjellstad, W., Strand, G.-H., Mathiesen, H., Engan, G., & Stokland, J. (2002). Development and implementation of the Norwegian monitoring programme for agricultural landscapes. Journal of Environmental Management, 64(1), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.2001.0503
  • El-Metwally, Y., Khalifa, M., & Elshater, A. (2021). Quantitative study for applying prospect-refuge theory on perceived safety in Al-Azhar Park, Egypt. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(4), 4247–4260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.04.016
  • Enserink, M., Etteger, R. V., Brink, A. V. D., & Stremke, S. (2022). To support or oppose renewable energy projects ? A systematic literature review on the factors influencing landscape design and social acceptance. Energy Research & Social Science, 91, 102740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102740
  • Fry, G., Tveit, M. S., Ode, Å., & Velarde, M. D. (2009). The ecology of visual landscapes: Exploring the conceptual common ground of visual and ecological landscape indicators. Ecological Indicators, 9(5), 933–947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.11.008
  • García-Martín, M., Plieninger, T., & Bieling, C. (2018). Dimensions of landscape stewardship across Europe: Landscape values, place attachment, awareness, and personal responsibility. Sustainability, 10(1), 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010263
  • Girardin, P., Bockstaller, C., & Werf, H. V. d (1999). Indicators: tools to evaluate the environmental impacts of farming systems. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 13(4), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1300/J064v13n04_03
  • Gottwald, S., & Stedman, R. C. (2020). Preserving ones meaningful place or not? Understanding environmental stewardship behaviour in river landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 198(February), 103778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103778
  • Grahn, P., & Stigsdotter, U. K. (2010). The relation between perceived sensory dimensions of urban green space and stress restoration. Landscape and Urban Planning, 94(3–4), 264–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.10.012
  • Groot, W. T. D., & Born, R. J. G. V. D. (2003). Visions of nature and landscape type preferences: An exploration in The Netherlands. Landscape and Urban Planning, 63(3), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00184-6
  • Hagemann, F. A., Randrup, T. B., & Sang, Å. O. (2020). Challenges to implementing the urban ecosystem service concept in green infrastructure planning: A view from practitioners in Swedish municipalities. Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 2(3), 283–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-020-00054-3
  • Hak, T., Kovanda, J., & Weinzettel, J. (2012). A method to assess the relevance of sustainability indicators: Application to the indicator set of the Czech Republic’s sustainable development strategy. Ecological Indicators, 17, 46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.034
  • Hami, A., & Abdi, B. (2021). Students’ landscaping preferences for open spaces for their campus environment. Indoor and Built Environment, 30(1), 87–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X19887207
  • Hedblom, M., Hedenås, H., Blicharska, M., Adler, S., Knez, I., Mikusiński, G., Svensson, J., Sandström, S., Sandström, P., & Wardle, D. A. (2020). Landscape perception: Linking physical monitoring data to perceived landscape properties. Landscape Research, 45(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2019.1611751
  • Herzog, T. R., & Barnes, G. J. (1999). Tranquility and preference revisited. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19(2), 171–181. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1998.0109
  • Herzog, T. R., & Bryce, A. G. (2007). Environment and behavior in within-forest settings. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 39(6), 779–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916506298796
  • Herzog, T. R., & Leverich, O. L. (2003). Searching for legibility. Environment and Behavior, 35(4), 459–477. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503251455
  • Howley, P. (2011). Landscape aesthetics: Assessing the general publics’ preferences towards rural landscapes. Ecological Economics, 72, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.09.026
  • Howley, P., Donoghue, C. O., & Hynes, S. (2012). Exploring public preferences for traditional farming landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 104(1), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.09.006
  • Huang, X., Wang, H., Shan, L., & Xiao, F. (2021). Constructing and optimising urban ecological network in the context of rapid urbanisation for improving landscape connectivity. Ecological Indicators, 132, 108319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108319
  • Hudson, B. (1993). The view from the Verandah: Prospect, refuge and leisure. Australian Geographical Studies, 31(1), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1993.tb00652.x
  • Ioannidis, R., Mamassis, N., Efstratiadis, A., & Koutsoyiannis, D. (2022). Reversing visibility analysis: Towards an accelerated a priori assessment of landscape impacts of renewable energy projects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 161, 112389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112389
  • Jaal, Z., & Abdullah, J. (2012). User’s preferences of highway landscapes in Malaysia: A review and analysis of the literature. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 36, 265–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.029
  • Jerrentrup, M. T., & Nnanna, N. (2023). Symbolic representations social media and photography in Nigeria. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2190240
  • Jiang, B., He, J., Chen, J., Larsen, L., & Wang, H. (2021). Perceived green at speed: A simulated driving experiment raises new questions for attention restoration theory and stress reduction theory. Environment and Behavior, 53(3), 296–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520947111
  • Kahn, P. (1997). Developmental psychology and the biophilia hypothesis: Children’s affiliation with nature. Developmental Review, 17(1), 1–61. https://doi.org/10.1006/drev.1996.0430
  • Kaplan, R., Kaplan, S., & Brown, T. (1989). Environmental preference: A comparison of four domains of predictors. Environment and Behavior, 21(5), 509–530. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916589215001
  • Kaplan, S., & Kaplan, R. (1989). The visual environment: Public participation in design and planning. Journal of Social Issues, 45(1), 59–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1989.tb01533.x
  • Karasov, O., Vieira, A. A. B., Külvik, M., & Chervanyov, I. (2020). Landscape coherence revisited: GIS-based mapping in relation to scenic values and preferences estimated with geolocated social media data. Ecological Indicators, 111, 105973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105973
  • Kearney, A. R., Bradley, G. a., Petrich, C. H., Kaplan, R., Kaplan, S., & Simpson-Colebank, D. (2008). Public perception as support for scenic quality regulation in a nationally treasured landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning, 87(2), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.05.005
  • Kellert, S. R. (1996). The value of life: Biological diversity and human society. Island Press.
  • Kuper, R. (2017). Evaluations of landscape preference, complexity, and coherence for designed digital landscape models. Landscape and Urban Planning, 157, 407–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.09.002
  • Laurie, M. (1979). A history of aesthetic conservation in California. Landscape Planning, 6(1), 1–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3924(79)90002-9
  • Leitão, A. B., & Ahern, J. (2002). Applying landscape ecological concepts and metrics in sustainable landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 59(2), 65–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00005-1
  • Li, J., & Nassauer, J. I. (2020). Cues to care: A systematic analytical review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 201, 103821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103821
  • Li, Y., & Sahari, F. (2022). The application of regional culture in urban public space design. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2022.2116773
  • Litton, R. B. (Ed.). (1972). Aesthetic dimensions of the landscape. John Hopkins University Press.
  • Liu, W., Hu, X., Song, Z., & Yuan, X. (2023). Identifying the integrated visual characteristics of greenway landscape: A focus on human perception. Sustainable Cities and Society, 99(September), 104937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.104937
  • Lothian, A. (1999). Landscape and the philosophy of aesthetics: is landscape quality inherent in the landscape or in the eye of the beholder? Landscape and Urban Planning, 44(4), 177–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(99)00019-5
  • Ma, B., Hauer, R. J., Xu, C., & Li, W. (2021). Visualising evaluation model of human perceptions and characteristic ­indicators of landscape visual quality in urban green spaces by using nomograms. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 65(August), 127314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127314
  • Medeiros, A., Fernandes, C., Gonçalves, J. F., & Farinha-Marques, P. (2023). Optimising a landscape visual quality protocol. A Method for reducing respondent fatigue and obtaining site-specific indicators. MethodsX, 11(August), 102455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2023.102455
  • Nakarmi, G., Strager, M. P., Yuill, C., Moreira, J. C., Burns, R. C., & Butler, P. (2023). Assessing public preferences of landscape and landscape attributes: A case study of the proposed Appalachian Geopark project in West Virginia, USA. Geoheritage, 15(3), 85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-023-00851-8
  • Nasar, J. L., & Cubukcu, E. (2011). Evaluative appraisals of environmental mystery and surprise. Environment and Behavior, 43(3), 387–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916510364500
  • Nasar, J. L., Julian, D., Buchman, S., Humphreys, D., & Mrohaly, M. (1983). The emotional quality of scenes and observation points: A look at prospect and refuge. Landscape Planning, 10(4), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3924(83)90041-2
  • Nassauer, J. I. (1992). The appearance of ecological systems as a matter of policy. Landscape Ecology, 6(4), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00129702
  • Natori, Y., & Chenoweth, R. (2008). Differences in rural landscape perceptions and preferences between farmers and naturalists. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(3), 250–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.02.002
  • Negev, M. (2012). Knowledge, data and interests: Challenges in participation of diverse stakeholders in HIA. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 33(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2011.10.002
  • Ng, C. F. (2020). Perception and evaluation of buildings: The effects of style and frequency of exposure. Collabra: Psychology, 6(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.324
  • Nia, H. A. N. (2021). The role of urban aesthetics on enhancing vitality of urban spaces. Khulna University Studies, 18, 59–77.https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.2021.18.02.2112-E
  • Nüsser, M. (2001). Understanding cultural landscape transformation: A re-photographic survey in Chitral, eastern Hindukush, Pakistan. Landscape and Urban Planning, 57(3–4), 241–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00207-9
  • Ode Sang, Å., & Tveit, M. S. (2012). Perceptions of stewardship in Norwegian agricultural landscapes. Land Use Policy, 31, 557–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.09.001
  • Ode Sang, Å., Thorpert, P., & Fransson, A. M. (2022). Planning, designing, and managing green roofs and green walls for public health – An ecosystem services approach. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.804500
  • Ode, Å., Hagerhall, C. M., & Sang, N. (2010). Analysing visual landscape complexity: Theory and application. Landscape Research, 35(1), 111–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390903414935
  • Ode, Å., Tveit, M. S., & Fry, G. (2008). Capturing landscape visual character using indicators: Touching base with landscape aesthetic theory. Landscape Research, 33(1), 89–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390701773854
  • Ogborn, M. (1996). History, memory and the politics of landscape and space: Work in historical geography from autumn 1994 to autumn 1995. Progress in Human Geography, 20(2), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/030913259602000207
  • Papadimitriou, F. (2010). Conceptual modelling of landscape complexity. Landscape Research, 35(5), 563–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2010.504913
  • Paquette, S., & Domon, G. (2001). Trends in rural landscape development and sociodemographic recomposition in southern Quebec (Canada). Landscape and Urban Planning, 55(4), 215–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00154-2
  • Paquette, S., & Domon, G. (2003). Changing ruralities, changing landscapes: Exploring social recomposition using a multi-scale approach. Journal of Rural Studies, 19(4), 425–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(03)00006-8
  • Parsons, R., & Daniel, T. C. (2002). Good looking: In defense of scenic landscape aesthetics. Landscape and Urban Planning, 60(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00051-8
  • Pimoljinda, T., & Siriprasertchok, R. (2017). Failure of public participation for sustainable development: A case study of a NGO’s development projects in Chonburi province. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 38(3), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2016.08.016
  • Pomeroy, R., & Douvere, F. (2008). The engagement of stakeholders in the marine spatial planning process. Marine Policy, 32(5), 816–822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2008.03.017
  • Provins, A., Pearce, D., Ozdemiroglu, E., Mourato, S., & Morse-Jones, S. (2008). Valuation of the historic environment: The scope for using economic valuation evidence in the appraisal of heritage-related projects. Progress in Planning, 69(4), 131–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2008.01.001
  • Purcell, A. T., & Lamb, R. J. (2006). Preference and naturalness: An ecological approach. Landscape and Urban Planning, 42(1), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(98)00073-5
  • Qi, Z., Duan, J., Su, H., Fan, Z., & Lan, W. (2023). Using crowdsourcing images to assess visual quality of urban landscapes: A case study of Xiamen Island. Ecological Indicators, 154(July), 110793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110793
  • Rangel-Buitrago, N., Correa, I. D., Anfuso, G., Ergin, A., & Williams, A. T. (2012). Assessing and managing scenery of the Caribbean Coast of Colombia. Tourism Management, 35, 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.05.008
  • Rosley, M. S. F. (2013). Indicator validation in landscape visual quality assessment based on experts and stakeholders perception. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
  • Rosley, M. S. F. (2019). The image and identity of Muar as the Modern Royal Town of the Johor Sultanate, Malaysia: From the perspective of place identity. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/25025/
  • Rosley, M. S. F., Lamit, H., & Abdul, S. R. (2013). Perceiving the aesthetic value of the rural landscape through valid indicators. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 85, 318–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.362
  • Rotherham, I. D. (2007). The implications of perceptions and cultural knowledge loss for the management of wooded landscapes: A UK case-study. Forest Ecology and Management, 249(1–2), 100–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.05.030
  • Russell, J. A. (1989). The genesis of historic landscape conservation in Australia. Landscape Planning, 17(4),305–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(89)90084-4
  • Ryan, R. L. (2002). Preserving rural character in New England: Local residents’ perceptions of alternative residential development. Landscape and Urban Planning, 61(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00066-X
  • Sargentis, G. F., Siamparina, P., Sakki, G. K., Efstratiadis, A., Chiotinis, M., & Koutsoyiannis, D. (2021). Agricultural land or photovoltaic parks? The water—energy—food nexus and land development perspectives in the Thessaly plain, Greece. Sustainability, 13(16), 8935. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168935
  • Scannell, L., & Gifford, R. (2010). The relations between natural and civic place attachment and pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 289–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.010
  • Sharafatmandrad, M., & Khosravi Mashizi, A. (2021). Temporal and spatial assessment of supply and demand of the water-yield ecosystem service for water scarcity management in arid to semi-arid ecosystems. Water Resources Management, 35(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-020-02706-1
  • Shen, Y., Wang, Q., Liu, H., Luo, J., Liu, Q., & Lan, Y. (2023). Landscape design intensity and its associated complexity of forest landscapes in relation to preference and eye movements. Forests, 14(4), 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14040761
  • Simmel, G. (2007). The philosophy of landscape. Theory, Culture & Society, 24(7–8), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276407084465
  • Solehin, M., Rosley, F., Rafida, S., & Rahman, A. (2014). Biophilia theory revisited: Experts and non-experts perception on aesthetic quality of ecological landscape. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 153, 349–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.068
  • Stamps, A. E. (2004). Mystery, complexity, legibility and coherence: A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00023-9
  • Stamps, A. E. (2007). Mystery of environmental mystery: Effects of light, occlusion, and depth of view. Environment and Behavior, 39(2), 165–197. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916506288053
  • Stamps, A. E.III. (2002). Entropy, visual diversity, and preference. The Journal of General Psychology, 129(3), 300–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221300209602100
  • Stedman, R. C., Lathrop, R. C., Clark, B., Ejsmont-Karabin, J., Kasprzak, P., Nielsen, K., Osgood, D., Powell, M., Ventelä, A. M., Webster, K. E., & Zhukova, A. (2007). Perceived environmental quality and place attachment in North American and European temperate lake districts. Lake and Reservoir Management, 23(4), 330–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/07438140709354022
  • Steen Jacobsen, J. K. (2007). Use of landscape perception methods in tourism studies: A review of photo-based ­research approaches. Tourism Geographies, 9(3), 234–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616680701422871
  • Suckall, N., Fraser, E. D. G., Cooper, T., & Quinn, C. (2009). Visitor perceptions of rural landscapes: a case study in the Peak District National Park, England. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(2), 1195–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.06.003
  • Tibbalds, F. (2001). Making people friendly towns: Improving the public environment in towns and cities. Spon Press.
  • Tveit, M., Ode, Å., & Fry, G. (2006). Key concepts in a framework for analysing visual landscape character. Landscape Research, 31(3), 229–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390600783269
  • Tyrväinen, L., Mäkinen, K., & Schipperijn, J. (2007). Tools for mapping social values of urban woodlands and other green areas. Landscape and Urban Planning, 79(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.03.003
  • Tzoulas, K., & James, P. (2010). Peoples’ use of, and concerns about, green space networks: A case study of Birchwood, Warrington New Town, UK. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 9(2), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2009.12.001
  • Ulrich, R. S. (1981). Natural versus urban scenes. Environment and Behavior, 13(5), 523–556. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916581135001
  • Ulrich, R. S. (1983). Aesthetic and affective response to natural environment. In I. Altman & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Behavior and the natural environment. Human behavior and environment (Vol. 6). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3539-9
  • Villagra Islas, P., & Gastón Vergara, D. (2012). Perceived visual landscape changes in a fire prone environment: A multi-method approach. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(2), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.01.001
  • Wang, J., & Foley, K. (2023). Promoting climate-resilient cities: Developing an attitudinal analytical framework for understanding the relationship between humans and blue-green infrastructure. Environmental Science & Policy, 146(May), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2023.05.010
  • Wang, R., Browning, M. H. E. M., Kee, F., & Hunter, R. F. (2023). Exploring mechanistic pathways linking urban green and blue space to mental well-being before and after urban regeneration of a greenway: Evidence from the Connswater Community Greenway, Belfast, UK. Landscape and Urban Planning, 235(March), 104739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104739
  • Weinberger, A. B., Christensen, A. P., Coburn, A., & Chatterjee, A. (2021). Psychological responses to buildings and natural landscapes. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 77(August), 101676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101676
  • Wells, J. C., & Baldwin, E. D. (2012). Historic preservation, significance, and age value: A Comparative phenomenology of historic Charleston and the nearby new-urbanist community of I’On. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(4), 384–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.06.002
  • Xenakis, I., Arnellos, A., & Darzentas, J. (2012). The functional role of emotions in aesthetic judgment. New Ideas in Psychology, 30(2), 212–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.09.003
  • Yap, Y. C., Usman, M. S., Tahir, M. M., & Zainal Abidin, I. (2007, August 24–26). Assessment of Perbadanan Putrajaya Office ground based on urban open space design guideline. In Proceeding of the 3rd WSEAS International Conference on Energy, Environment, Sustainable Development and Landscaping, Greece (pp. 331–337).
  • Yuen, B. (2006). Reclaiming cultural heritage in Singapore. Urban Affairs Review, 41(6), 830–854. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087406289187
  • Zhou, L., Li, Y., Cheng, J., Qin, Y., Shen, G., Li, B., Yang, H., & Li, S. (2023). Understanding the aesthetic perceptions and image impressions experienced by tourists walking along tourism trails through continuous cityscapes in Macau. Journal of Transport Geography, 112, 103703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103703
  • Zhu, M., Teng, R., Wang, C., Wang, Y., He, J., & Yu, F. (2023). Key environmental factors affecting perceptions of security of night-time walking in neighbourhood streets: A discussion based on fear heat maps. Journal of Transport & Health, 32, 101636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2023.101636