2,289
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
GENERAL & APPLIED ECONOMICS

A Fundamental Misunderstanding of Risk: The Bias Associated with the Annualized Calculation of Standard Deviation

ORCID Icon & | (Reviewing editor)
Article: 1857005 | Received 29 May 2020, Accepted 22 Nov 2020, Published online: 18 Dec 2020

References

  • Craig MacKinlay, A., & Pastor, L. (2000). Asset pricing models: Implications for expected returns and portfolio selection. The Review of Financial Studies, 13(4), 883. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/13.4.883
  • Kaplan, P. D. (2012). What’s wrong with multiplying by the square root of twelve. Journal of Performance Measurement, 17(2), 16–7. https://spauldinggrp.com/product/whats-wrong-multiplying-square-root-twelve/
  • Kaplan, P. D. (2013, January). What’s wrong with multiplying by the square root of twelve (Technical Report). Morningstar.
  • Levy, H., & Gunthorpe, D. (1993). Optimal investment proportions in senior securities and equities under alternative holding periods. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 19(4), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.3905/jpm.1993.409457
  • Lustig, H., Roussanov, N., & Verdelhan, A. (2011). Common risk factors in currency markets. The Review of Financial Studies, 24(11), 3731. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhr068
  • Mandelbrot, B. (1963). The variation of certain speculative prices. The Journal of Business, 36(4), 394–419. https://doi.org/10.1086/jb.1963.36
  • Markowitz, H. (1952). Portfolio selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77–91.
  • Sharpe, W. F. (1966). Mutual fund performance. The Journal of Business, 39(1), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.1086/294846
  • Standard deviation and sharpe ratio: Morningstar methodology paper. (2005, January). (Technical Report). Morningstar. https://gladmainnew.morningstar.com/directhelp/Methodology_StDev_Sharpe.pdf
  • The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. (1981, October 13). This year’s prize in economics awarded for research on the financial system and its effects on inflation and employment (Press release).  Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1981/press-release/
  • Tobin, J. (1965). The theory of portfolio selection. In FH Hahn and FRP Brechling (eds), The Theory of Interest Rate (pp. 3-51). London: Macmillan.