References
- African Development Bank. (2013). Recognizing Africa’s informal sector. African Development Bank Group. Retrieved from http://www.afdb.org/en/blogs/afdb-championinginclusive-growth-across-africa/post/recognizing-africas-informal-sector-11645/
- Aquino, K., & Reed, A., II. (2002). The self-importance of moral identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1423–1440. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1423 PMID:12500822
- Audretsch, D. B., Bönte, W., & Tamvada, J. P. (2013). Religion, social class, and entrepreneurial choice. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(6), 774–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.002
- Balog, A. M., Baker, L. T., & Walker, A. G. (2014). Religiosity and spirituality in entrepreneurship: A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 11(2), 159–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2013.836127
- Baron, J., 2008, September. Cultural values and beliefs from an educational perspective in the Arab world. Paper presented at the conference of education research group of Adelaide (ERGA)
- Bellu, R., & Fiume, P. (2004). Religiosity and entrepreneurial behavior: An explanatory study. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 5(3), 191–202. https://doi.org/10.5367/0000000041513411
- Benjamin, N., Beegle, K., Recanatini, F. & Santini, M. (2014). Informal economy and the World Bank (Working Paper no. 6888). World Bank Research. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6888
- Candland, C. (2000). Faith as social capital: Religion and community development in Southern Asia. Policy Sciences, 33(3-4), 355–374. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004857811117
- Cascio, T. (1998). Incorporating spirituality into social work practice: A review of what to do. Families in Society, 79(5), 523–531. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.719
- Cities Alliance. (2017). Transformational change in sub-Saharan Cities. The role of informality in the hybrid economy of Uganda. Cities Alliance. Retrieved from http://www.citiesalliance.org/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/Role20of20Informality%20Uganda.pdf
- Corley, K. G., & Gioia, D. A. (2004). Identity ambiguity and change in the wake of a corporate spin-off. Administrative Science Quarterly, 49, 173–208.
- Dana, L. P. (Ed.). (2010). Entrepreneurship and religion. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781849806329
- Dawa, S., Balunywa, W., Namatovu, R., Orobia, L., Kyejjusa, S., & Ntamu, D. (2014). Global entrepreneurship monitor Uganda executive report. Kampala: Makerere University Business School.
- Devine, R. A., & Kiggundu, M. N. (2016). Entrepreneurship in Africa: Identifying the frontier of impactful research. Africa Journal of Management, 2(3), 349–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2016.1206802
- Diomande, M. (1990). Business creation with minimal resources: Some lessons from the African experience. Journal of Business Venturing, 5(4), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(90)90016-M
- Dodd, S. D., & Gotsis, G. (2007). The interrelationships between entrepreneurship and religion. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(2), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000007780808066
- Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Journal, 14(4), 532–550.
- Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. E. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24160888
- Erikson, E. H. (1964). A memorandum on identity and Negro youth. The Journal of Social Issues, 20(4), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1964.tb00471.x
- Fafchamps, M. (1996). The enforcement of commercial contracts in Ghana. World Development, 24(3), 427–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(95)00143-Z
- Fernando, S. (2007). Spirituality and mental health across cultures. In M. E. Coyte, P. Gilbert, & V. Nichols (Eds.), Spirituality, values and mental health (pp. 59–69). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
- Friese, S. (2014). Qualitative data analysis with ATLAS. London: SAGE Publications, Inc.
- Furman, L. D., & Chandy, J. M. (1994). Religion and spirituality: A long-neglected cultural component of rural social work practice. Human Services in the Rural Environment, 17(3/4), 21–26.
- Gaspirini, L. & Tornarolli, L. (2007). Labor informality in Latin America and the Caribbean: Patterns and trends from household survey microdata (CEDLAS Working Paper n°46). La plata, Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y sociales.
- Gehman, J., Glaser, L. V., Eisenhardt, M. K., Gioia, D., Langley, A., & Corley, G. K. (2018). Finding theory–method fit: A comparison of three qualitative approaches to theory building. Journal of Management Inquiry, 23(3), 284–300.
- Gioia, D., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2013). Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive research: Notes on the Gioia methodology. Organizational Research Methods, 16(1), 15–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428112452151
- Gioia, D. A., & Chittipeddi, K. (1991). Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation. Strategic Management Journal, 12(6), 433–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250120604
- Gioia, D. A., & Thomas, J. B. (1996). Identity, image, and issue interpretation: Sensemaking during strategic change in academia. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41(3), 370–403. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393936
- Gotterer, R. (2001). The spiritual dimension in clinical social work practice: A client perspective. Families in Society, 82(2), 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.209
- Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2006). Does culture affect economic outcomes? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(2), 23–48. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.20.2.23
- Hmieleski, K. M., & Baron, R. A. (2009). Entrepreneurs’ optimism and new venture performance: A social cognitive perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 52(3), 473–488. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2009.41330755
- Ibrahim, N. A., & Angelidis, J. P. (2005). The long-term performance of small businesses: Are there differences between “Christian-based” companies and their secular counterparts. Journal of Business Ethics, 58(1-3), 187–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-005-1413-8
- Joseph, M. V. (1988). Religion and social work practice. Social Casework, 69(7), 443–452. https://doi.org/10.1177/104438948806900705
- Judge, W. Q., & Douglas, T. J. (2013). Entrepreneurship as a leap of faith. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 10(1), 37–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2012.758047
- Khavul, S., Bruton, G. D., & Wood, E. (2009). Informal family business in Africa. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(6), 1219–1238. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00342.x/full https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00342.x
- Khayesi, J. N. O., & George, G. (2011). When does the socio-cultural context matter? Communal orientation and entrepreneurs’ resource accumulation efforts in Africa. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(3), 471–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.2011.02029.x
- Khayesi, J. N. O., George, G., & Antonakis, J. (2014). Kinship in entrepreneur networks: Performance effects of resource assembly in Africa. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(6), 1323–1342. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12127
- Kiggundu, M. N. (2001). Management in Uganda. In M. Warner (Ed.), International encyclopedia of business and management (2nd ed., pp. 6611–6618). London: Thomson Learning Business Press.
- Kiggundu, M. N. (2002). Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship in Africa: What is known and what needs to be done. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 7(3), 239–258.
- Kinjerski, V. M., & Skrypnek, B. J. (2004). Defining spirit at work: Finding common ground. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 26–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/09534810410511288
- Kuada, J. (2010). Culture and leadership in Africa: A conceptual model and research agenda. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 1(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/20400701011028130
- Lopez-Carlos, A. (2006). Executive summary. Totton, Hampshire: World Economic Forum.
- Markow, F., & Klenke, K. (2005). The effects of personal meaning and calling on organizational commitment: An empirical investigation of spiritual leadership. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 13(1), 8–27. doi: 10.1108/eb028995
- McCleary, R. M., & Barro, R. J. (2006). Religion and economy. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(2), 49–72. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.20.2.49
- Morris, M., Schindehutte, M., & Allen, J. (2005). The entrepreneur’s business model: Toward a unified perspective. Journal of Business Research, 58(6), 726–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2003.11.001
- Netting, F. E., Thibault, J. M., & Ellor, J. W. (1990). Integrating content on organized religion into macropractice courses. Journal of Social Work Education, 26(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.1990.10672130
- Paris, P. J. (1995). The spirituality of African peoples: The search for a common moral discourse. Minneapolis: Fortress Press.
- Penman, J. (2012). Motivations driving spiritual engagement based on a phenomenological study of spirituality amongst palliative care clients and caregivers. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2(3), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v2n3p135
- Portes, A., Guarnizo, L. E., & Haller, W. J. (2002). Transnational entrepreneurs: An alternative form of immigrant economic adaptation. American Sociological Review, 67(2), 278–298. https://doi.org/10.2307/3088896
- Pretes, M. (2002). Microequity and Microfinance. World Development, 30(8), 1341–1353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00044-X
- Reid, M., Roumpi, D., & O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2015). Spirited women: The role of spirituality in the work lives of female entrepreneurs in Ghana. Africa Journal of Management, 1(3), 264–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2015.1062710
- Rosa, P. J., Kodithuwakku, S. S., & Balunywa, W. (2006). Entrepreneurial motivation in developing countries: What does “necessity” and “opportunity” entrepreneurship really mean? Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 26, 1–14.
- Schneider, F. (2005). Shadow economies around the world: What do we really know? European Journal of Political Economy, 21(3), 598–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.10.002
- Silk, M. (2007). Defining religious pluralism in America: A regional analysis. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 612(1), 62–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716207301060
- Spring, A., & Rutashobya, L. K. (2009). Gender-related themes in African entrepreneurship: Introduction to the articles. Journal of African Business, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228910802701270
- Suddaby, R., Bruton, G. D., & Si, S. X. (2015). Entrepreneurship through a qualitative lens: Insights on the construction and/or discovery of entrepreneurial opportunity. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.09.003
- Tracey, P. (2012). Religion and organization: A critical review of current trends and future directions. The Academy of Management Annals, 6(1), 87–134. https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2012.660761
- UBOS. (2014). Uganda Bureau of Statistics 2014 Statistical Abstract. Uganda: Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved from www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/…/ubos/statistical_abstracts/Statistical_Abstract_2014.pdf
- Wambura Ngunjiri, F. (2010). Lessons in spiritual leadership from Kenyan women. Journal of Educational Administration, 48(6), 755–768. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578231011079601
- Webb, J. W., Tihanyi, L., Ireland, R. D., & Sirmon, D. G. (2009). You say illegal, I say legitimate: Entrepreneurship in the informal economy. Academy of Management Review, 34(3), 492–510. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.40632826
- Webb, J., Bruton, G. D., Tihanyi, L., & Ireland, R. D. (2013). Research on entrepreneurship in the informal economy: Framing a research agenda. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(5), 598–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2012.05.003
- Welter, F. (2011). Contextualizing entrepreneurship: Conceptual challenges and ways forward. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(1), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00427.x
- Welter, F., & Smallbone, D. (2011). Institutional perspectives on entrepreneurial behavior in challenging environments. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 107–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00317.x
- Welter, F., Baker, T., Audretsch, D. B., & Gartner, W. B. (2017). Entrepreneurship — A call for entrepreneurship research to embrace entrepreneurial diversity. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(3), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12258
- Welter, F., Smallbone, D., & Pobol, A. (2015). Entrepreneurial activity in the informal economy: A missing piece of the entrepreneurship jigsaw puzzle. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 27(5–6), 292–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1041259