“Got Sold a Dream and It Turned into a Nightmare”: The Victim-Offender Overlap in Commercial Sexual Exploitation

References

• Baxter, A. L. A. (2019). When the line between victimization and criminalization blurs: The victim-offender overlap observed in female offenders in cases of trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation in Australia. Journal of Human Trafficking, 1–12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blizard, I. (2017). Catching those who fall, an affirmative defense for human trafficking victims. The University of the Pacific Law Review, 48(3), 631–646.
   Google Scholar
• Bosworth, M., Hoyle, C., & Dempsey, M. M. (2011). Researching trafficked women: On institutional resistance and the limits to feminist reflexivity. Qualitative Inquiry, 17(9), 769–779.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broidy, L. M., Daday, J. K., Crandall, C. S., Klar, D. P., & Jost, P. F. (2006). Exploring demographic, structural, and behavioral overlap among homicide offenders and victims. Homicide Studies, 10, 155–180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crocker, S. (2016). Stripping agency from top to bottom: The need for a sentencing guideline safety valve for bottoms prosecuted under the federal sex trafficking statutes. Northwestern University Law Review, 111, 753.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dank, M. L., Khan, B., Downey, P. M., Kotonias, C., Mayer, D., Owens, C., & Yu, L. (2014). Estimating the size and structure of the underground commercial sex economy in eight major US cities (pp. 348). Urban Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Farrell, A., & Fahy, S. (2016). Prostitution and sex trafficking. The Wiley Handbook on the Psychology of Violence, 517–532.
   Google Scholar
• Feehs, K., & Richmond, J. (2017). Federal human trafficking report. The Human Trafficking Institute. Retrieved on May 15, 2018 at https://www.traffickingmatters.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/2017-Federal-Human-Trafficking-Report-WEB-Low-Res.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Finn, M. A., Muftić, L. R., & Marsh, E. I. (2015). Exploring the overlap between victimization and offending among women in sex work. Victims & Offenders, 10(1), 74–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings, W. G., Piquero, A. R., & Reingle, J. M. (2012). On the overlap between victimization and offending: A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 16–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings, W. G., Zgoba, K. M., Maschi, T., & Reingle, J. M. (2014). An empirical assessment of the overlap between sexual victimization and sex offending. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 58(12), 1466–1480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauritsen, J. L., & Laub, J. H. (2007). Understanding the link between victimization and offending: New reflections on an anniversary of an old idea. In M. Hough & M. Maxfield (Eds.), Surveying crime in the 21st century: Commemorating the 25th of the British crime survey (pp. 55–75). Criminal Justice Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lauritsen, J. L., & Quinet, K. F. D. (1995). Repeat victimization among adolescents and young adults. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 11, 143–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy, A. F. (2016). Innocent traffickers, guilty victims: The case for prosecuting so- called “bottom girls” in the United States. Anti-Trafficking Review, (6), 130.
   Google Scholar
• Maldonado-Molina, M. M., Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., Bird, H. R., & Canino, G. J. (2009). Trajectories of delinquent behaviors among Puerto Rican children and adolescents at two sites. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 46, 144–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maldonado-Molina, M. M., Reingle, J. M., Jennings, W. G., & Prado, W. (2011). Drinking and driving among immigrant and US-born Hispanic young adults: Results from a longitudinal and nationally representative study. Addictive Behaviors, 36, 381–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeffer, R., Ormachea, P., & Eagleman, D. (2017). Gendered outcomes in prostitution arrests in Houston, Texas. Crime and Delinquency, 0011128717748576.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Planty, M., Langton, L., Krebs, C., Berzofsky, M., & Smiley-mcdonald, H. (2013). Female victims of sexual violence, 1994-2010. Bureau of Justice Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Polaris Project. (2013). Vacating Convictions for Sex Trafficking Victims. http://www.polarisproject.org/storage/documents/2013-Analysis-Category-10-Vacating-Convictions.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rajaram, S. S., & Tidball, S. (2018). Survivors’ voices—complex needs of sex trafficking survivors in the midwest. Behavioral Medicine, 44(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2017.1399101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumgay, J. (2005). Twice Punished: When women victims become offenders. Criminal Justice Matters, 60(1), 16–38.
   Google Scholar
• Serie, C. M., Krumeich, A., van Dijke, A., de Ruiter, E., Terpstra, L., & de Ruiter, C. (2018). Sex traffickers’ views: A qualitative study into their perceptions of the victim–offender relationship. Journal of Human Trafficking, 4(2), 169–184.
   Google Scholar
• Tillyer, M. S., & Wright, E. M. (2014). Intimate partner violence and the victim- offender overlap. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 51(1), 29–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandiver, D. M., & Kercher, G. (2004). Offender and victim characteristics of registered female sexual offenders in Texas: A proposed typology of female sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 16 (2), 121–137. Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, R. S. (1994). Learning from strangers: The art and method of qualitative interview studies. Free Press, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, M., & O’Brien, E. (2016). Constructing the ideal victim in the United States of America’s annual trafficking in persons reports. Crime, Law, and Social Change, 65(1–2), 29–45. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10611-015-9600-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar